Publications by authors named "Agudo A"
Article Synopsis
- Previous models for predicting weight gain haven't been very effective, leading researchers to explore both traditional environmental factors and genetic markers to enhance accuracy.* -
- A study involving nearly 246,000 participants found that environmental factors provided good predictive ability for weight gain, while genetic models performed poorly, especially at mid-late adulthood.* -
- The research suggests that environmental factors should be incorporated into prevention strategies, and that genetic factors may be more relevant in predicting weight gain earlier in life.*
Article Synopsis
- * The study focused on the relationship between long-term dietary mycotoxin exposure and hepatobiliary cancers in the EPIC cohort, using detailed food occurrence data to assess risks.
- * Findings indicated a significant link between higher intake of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) and hepatocellular carcinoma risk, suggesting further research is needed on mycotoxins and their potential health impacts.
Background: Nutri-Score is a scientifically validated 5-color front-of-pack nutrition label reflecting the nutrient profile of foods. It has been implemented in several European countries on a voluntary basis, pending the revision of the European labeling regulation. Hence, scientific evidence is needed regarding the ability of the nutrient profile underlying the Nutri-Score (uNS-NPS, 2023-updated version) to characterize healthier foods.
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- Inflammation plays a significant role in breast cancer progression and prognosis, particularly through pre-diagnostic plasma biomarkers in women.
- A study involving 1,538 women showed that elevated levels of the inflammatory marker IL-6 were linked to increased risks of all-cause and breast cancer-specific mortality, especially in postmenopausal women.
- Higher levels of IL-10 and TNFα were also associated with all-cause mortality, and an inflammatory score could indicate poorer long-term survival, particularly in postmenopausal breast cancer survivors.
HPV-positive and HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are recognized as distinct entities. There remains uncertainty surrounding the causal effects of smoking and alcohol on the development of these two cancer types. Here we perform multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) to evaluate the causal effects of smoking and alcohol on the risk of HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC in 3431 cases and 3469 controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChrono-Nutrition, Chrono-Type, and the Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Cross-Sectional Study from the EuroPean Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Study.
Nutrients
August 2024
: Previous studies have shown that meal timing, poor sleep quality, and chronotype may play a relevant role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, its relationship with macronutrients by eating occasions has not been explored deeply. : Our aim was to estimate the association between chrono-nutrition, sleep quality, chronotype, and the prevalence of T2DM.
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- Circulating free insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) was studied to determine its relationship with prostate cancer risk by analyzing data from 767 cases and 767 matched controls in a long-term cohort.
- The study found that levels of circulating free IGF-I were not significantly associated with overall prostate cancer risk, tumor stage, or histological grade.
- Researchers suggest further investigation into different methods of assessing bioavailable IGF-I to better understand its connection to prostate cancer, given the known link between total IGF-I levels and cancer risk.
Background: The International Agency for Research on Cancer classified processed meats (PM) as "carcinogenic" and red meat as "probably carcinogenic" for humans. The possible relationship between colorectal cancer risk and the mechanisms involved in the carcinogenesis of PMs have not been established yet. Nitrosyl-heme and heme iron have been proposed as potential-related compounds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The consumption of processed meats (PMs) and red meats are linked to the likelihood of developing colorectal cancer. Various theories have been proposed to explain this connection, focusing on nitrosyl-heme and heme iron intake. We hypothesized that differences in nitrosyl-heme and heme iron intakes will be associated with various sociodemographic and lifestyle factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, we aimed to provide novel evidence on the impact of changing lifestyle habits on cancer risk. In the EPIC cohort, 295,865 middle-aged participants returned a lifestyle questionnaire at baseline and during follow-up. At both timepoints, we calculated a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) score based on cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index and physical activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe etiology of prostate cancer is not fully elucidated. Among environmental risk factors, endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) deserve special mention, as they alter metabolic pathways involved in hormone-dependent cancers. Epidemiological evidence assessing the carcinogenicity of EDCs is scarce.
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- The study aimed to explore how body fat affects the link between ultra-processed food consumption and the risk of head and neck cancer (HNC) and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) using data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.
- Analyzing data from over 450,000 participants over an average of 14 years showed that higher consumption of ultra-processed foods increased the risk of both cancers, with specific metrics (body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio) accounting for a small percentage of this risk.
- The findings suggest a need for more research to understand the potential mechanisms behind the association between ultra-processed food intake and cancer risk, as the role
Selenium (Se) may help prevent breast cancer (BC) development. Owing to limited observational evidence, we investigated whether prediagnostic Se status and/or variants in the selenoprotein genes are associated with BC risk in a large European cohort. Se status was assessed by plasma measures of Se and its major circulating proteins, selenoprotein P (SELENOP) and glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3), in matched BC case-control pairs (2208 for SELENOP; 1785 for GPX3 and Se) nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA growing proportion of head and neck cancer (HNC), especially oropharyngeal cancer (OPC), is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). There are several markers for HPV-driven HNC, one being HPV early antigen serology. We aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of HPV serology and its performance across patient characteristics.
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- Olive oil (OO) is a key component of the Mediterranean diet, known for its various healthy compounds that may positively impact obesity-related health issues.
- *The link between the Mediterranean diet and olive oil consumption with several obesity-related cancers is an area of increasing research interest, although current understanding of this relationship and its mechanisms, particularly regarding gut microbiota, is limited.
- *This review aims to enhance knowledge on the association between Mediterranean diet/olive oil and obesity-related cancers, explore gut microbiota's role in these cancers, and examine how the diet and olive oil affect these mechanisms.
Article Synopsis
- Obesity is linked to gastric cancer, with specific hormones playing a role in increasing the risk of both cardia gastric cancer (CGC) and non-cardia gastric cancer (NCGC).
- The study utilized data from multiple cohorts (EPIC, ATBC, and UK-Biobank) and assessed the relationship between obesity-related hormones and gastric cancer occurrence through various statistical methods.
- Key findings indicate that hormones like insulin-like growth-factor-1 and leptin are associated with increased risk, while ghrelin and dehydroepiandrosterone appear to have a protective effect against NCGC and CGC, respectively.
Background: The Mediterranean diet has been associated with lower risk of breast cancer (BC) but evidence from prospective studies on the role of Mediterranean diet on BC survival remains sparse and conflicting. We aimed to investigate whether adherence to Mediterranean diet prior to diagnosis is associated with overall and BC-specific mortality.
Methods: A total of 13,270 incident breast cancer cases were identified from an initial sample of 318,686 women in 9 countries from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study.
Background: Since the first version of the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) developed in the past decade, several other versions have been developed. However, to date no study has attempted to compare these versions with respect to their associations with biomarkers of inflammation.
Objective: We aimed to investigate the relationship between four dietary inflammatory scores [DII, two energy-adjusted derivatives (E-DII and E-DII), and the Inflammatory Score of the Diet (ISD)], and circulating levels of several inflammatory markers and adipokines.
Background: Excess body fatness and hyperinsulinemia are both associated with an increased risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. However, whether women with high body fatness but normal insulin levels or those with normal body fatness and high levels of insulin are at elevated risk of breast cancer is not known. We investigated the associations of metabolically defined body size and shape phenotypes with the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer in a nested case-control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvidence linking body fatness to breast cancer (BC) prognosis is limited. While it seems that excess adiposity is associated with poorer BC survival, there is uncertainty over whether weight changes reduce mortality. This study aimed to assess the association between body fatness and weight changes pre- and postdiagnosis and overall mortality and BC-specific mortality among BC survivors.
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- Previous studies on the link between calcium intake and lung cancer risk showed mixed results, likely due to variations in intake amounts, food sources, and smoking rates among participants.
- A pooled analysis of 12 cohort studies involving over 1.6 million adults found no significant overall association between dietary calcium intake and lung cancer risk.
- However, higher milk consumption was linked to an increased risk of lung cancer, particularly in studies from Europe and North America, while soy intake was inversely associated with risk.
Background: Food processing has been hypothesised to play a role in cancer development; however, data from large-scale epidemiological studies are scarce. This study investigated the association between dietary intake according to amount of food processing and risk of cancer at 25 anatomical sites using data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study.
Methods: This study used data from the prospective EPIC cohort study, which recruited participants between March 18, 1991, and July 2, 2001, from 23 centres in ten European countries.
Background: Higher dietary calcium consumption is associated with lower colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. However, little data are available on the association between circulating calcium concentrations and CRC risk.
Objectives: To explore the association between circulating calcium concentrations and CRC risk using data from 2 large European prospective cohort studies.
Background: Recent evidence suggest that energy distribution during the daytimecould be a potential determinant for the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS).
Objective: To cross-sectionally assess the association between breakfast size and the prevalence of MetS in Spanish adults.
Methods: Our study included a subset of 3644 participants from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Spain study recontacted between 2017-2018.