Rapid genome sequencing for critically ill infants: an inaugural pilot study from Turkey.

Introduction: Rare and ultra-rare genetic conditions significantly contribute to infant morbidity and mortality, often presenting with atypical features and genetic heterogeneity that complicate management. Rapid genome sequencing (RGS) offers a timely and cost-effective approach to diagnosis, aiding in early clinical management and reducing unnecessary interventions. This pilot study represents the inaugural use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) as a diagnostic instrument for critically ill neonatal and pediatric ICU patients in a Turkish hospital setting.

Assessment of the Clinical Course of Human Rhinovirus/Enterovirus Infections in Pediatric Intensive Care.

Background: This study aims to evaluate the clinical course of human rhinovirus/enterovirus (HRV/EV) infections in the pediatric intensive care unit.

Methods: The study was conducted as a multicenter, prospective observational study from September 2022 to December 2022. Cases with positive polymerase chain reaction testing for HRV/EV of nasopharyngeal swab samples within the first 24 hours of pediatric intensive care unit admission were recorded.

Mortality risk factors among critically ill children with MIS-C in PICUs: a multicenter study.

Background: This study evaluated of clinical characteristics, outcomes, and mortality risk factors of a severe multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children admitted to a the pediatric intensive care unit.

Methods: A retrospective multicenter cohort study was conducted between March 2020 and April 2021 at 41 PICUs in Turkey. The study population comprised 322 children diagnosed with multisystem inflammatory syndrome.

Increased Severe Cases and New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes Among Children Presenting With Diabetic Ketoacidosis During First Year of COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey.

Introduction: There have been some significant changes regarding healthcare utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic. Majority of the reports about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on diabetes care are from the first wave of the pandemic. We aim to evaluate the potential effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the severity of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and new onset Type 1 diabetes presenting with DKA, and also evaluate children with DKA and acute COVID-19 infection.

Double Aortic Arch Mimics the Clinical Characteristics of Severe Reactive Airway Disease in a Pediatric Patient.

Reactive airway disease is a prevalent condition that can be detected in the early infancy period. The condition might also deteriorate into asthma in some cases. If infants do not respond to the treatment of persistent wheeze and coughing, other rare causes should be investigated.

Clinical and laboratory predictors of survival for pediatric patients on non-postcardiotomy extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is used in pediatric patients with severe cardiopulmonary failure who do not respond to conventional therapy; only a few studies have been conducted in Turkey. We present the experience of pediatric ECMO with the aim of showing factors affecting mortality. We retrospectively reviewed our ECMO database to identify patients who received ECMO from October 2015 to March 2018.

The clinical characteristics and prognosis of pertussis among unvaccinated infants in the pediatric intensive care unit.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and prognosis of in the pediatric intensive care unit.

Material And Methods: Patients who were hospitalized in pediatric intensive care unit between January 2017 and January 2019 and diagnosed as having were retrospectively evaluated. Samples were taken from tracheal aspirate material in intubated patients and nasopharyngeal swabs in the other patients.

Daily Practice of Mechanical Ventilation and Weaning in Turkish PICUs: A Multicenter Prospective Survey.

Objectives: To investigate conventional mechanical ventilation weaning characteristics of patients requiring conventional mechanical ventilation support for greater than 48 hours within the PICU.

Design: The prospective observational multicenter cohort study was conducted at 15 hospitals. Data were being collected from November 2013 to June 2014, with two designated researchers from each center responsible for follow-up and data entry.

Therapeutic plasma exchange in pediatric intensive care: Indications, results and complications.

Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is an effective treatment method in selective indications. Secondary to access and technical features, it is more difficult to apply in pediatric population than adults. The aim of this study is investigate safety, clinical indications, and results of this method in critically ill pediatric patients who need TPE treatment.

Regional citrate versus systemic heparin anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy in critically ill children.

Objectives: Anticoagulation is used to prevent filter clotting in patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy. Regional citrate anticoagulation is associated with lower rates of bleeding complications and prolongs the filter life span; however, a number of metabolic side effects had been associated with this therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect and safety of citrate versus heparin anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy in critically ill children.

Intrathecal baclofen use in the management of tetanus related spasm: A case report.

Şık G, Aydoseli A, Çıtak A. Intrathecal baclofen use in the management of tetanus related spasm: A case report. Turk J Pediatr 2019; 61: 126-129.

Comprehensive Analysis of Severe Viral Infections of Respiratory Tract admitted to PICUs during the Winter Season in Turkey.

Objectives: To analyze the course of seasonal viral infections of respiratory tract in patients hospitalized in pediatric intensive care units (PICU) of 16 centers in Turkey.

Materials And Methods: It is a retrospective, observational, and multicenter study conducted in 16 tertiary PICUs in Turkey includes a total of 302 children with viral cause in the nasal swab which required PICU admission with no interventions.

Results: Median age of patients was 12 months.

Resistant gram-negative infections in a pediatric intensive care unit: a retrospective study in a tertiary care center.

Aim: Healthcare-associated infections cause increased morbidity and mortality in intensive care units. In this study, it was aimed to compare infections with multi-drug resistance and extended drug resistance, while evaluating the characteristics of resistant Gram-negative infections in the pediatric intensive care unit in our university hospital.

Material And Methods: In this study, pediatric patients who were found to have Gram-negative infections during hsopitalization in the pediatric intensive care unit in our faculty between January 2011 and December 2015, were evaluated retrospectively.

Clinical Features and Indications Associated with Mortality in Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy for Pediatric Patients.

Objectives: To identify prognostic factors and indications in patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), and to demonstrate their effect on mortality.

Methods: A total of 63 patients admitted between 2011 and 2014 were included in the study. The demographic information, pediatric risk of mortality (PRISM) scores, vasoactive-inotropic score, indication for CRRT, time of starting CRRT, presence of fluid overload, durations of CRRT, and pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) stay were compared between survivors and non-survivors.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for the support of pediatric patients with acute fulminant myocarditis.

Şık G, Annayev A, Demirbuğa A, Deliceo E, Aydın S, Erek E, Demir Hİ, Çıtak A. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for the support of pediatric patients with acute fulminant myocarditis. Turk J Pediatr 2019; 61: 867-872.

Electrocardiographic changes in children with diabetic ketoacidosis and ketosis.

Aim: We aimed to study electrocardiographic changes in children with diabetic ketoacidosis and ketosis and to evaluate the relation of the changes with serum electrolyte levels and ketosis.

Material And Methods: This study was performed in Istanbul Medical Faculty, Pediatric Emergency and Intensive Care Department between May 2008 and May 2009. The electrocardiographic parameters and QT length of children with diabetic ketoacidosis and ketosis were evaluated at diagnosis and after the treatment.

Sustained hyperferritinemia in a child with macrophage activation syndrome secondary to systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis - perforinopathy: case based review.

Çakan M, Aktay-Ayaz N, Gemici H, Annayev A, Çıtak A, Akçay A, Öztürk G. Sustained hyperferritinemia in a child with macrophage activation syndrome secondary to systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis - perforinopathy: case based review. Turk J Pediatr 2018; 60: 598-603.

Chlorhexidine-Impregnated Dressings and Prevention of Catheter-Associated Bloodstream Infections in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.

Background: Bloodstream infections related to use of catheters are associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates, prolonged hospital lengths of stay, and increased medical costs.

Objectives: To compare the effectiveness of chlorhexidine-impregnated dressings with that of standard dressings in preventing catheter-related bloodstream infections.

Methods: A total of 100 children were randomly divided into 2 groups of 50 each: a chlorhexidine group and a standard group.

Povidone-Iodine, 0.05% Chlorhexidine Gluconate, or Water for Periurethral Cleaning Before Indwelling Urinary Catheterization in a Pediatric Intensive Care: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of periurethral cleaning with 10% povidone-iodine, 0.05% chlorhexidine gluconate, or sterile water in preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) prior to indwelling urinary catheter insertion in a pediatric intensive care unit. A secondary aim was to identify pathogens resulting in CAUTIs in this group.

A 3 Year-Old Male Child Ingested Approximately 750 Grams of Elemental Mercury.

Background: The oral ingestion of elemental mercury is unlikely to cause systemic toxicity, as it is poorly absorbed through the gastrointestinal system. However, abnormal gastrointestinal function or anatomy may allow elemental mercury into the bloodstream and the peritoneal space. Systemic effects of massive oral intake of mercury have rarely been reported.

Predictive factor for first wheezing episode.

The aim of study was to evaluate various risk in patients who were hospitalized with moderate to severe virus-induced wheezing. Infants hospitalized with virus-induced wheezing were enrolled in the study. Respiratory viruses were detected in nasopharyngeal swab and total IgE levels and skin prick tests were performed in all patients.

Continuous Venovenous Hemodiafiltration in the Treatment of Maple Syrup Urine Disease.

Background: The study aims to define the efficacy of continuous renal replacement therapy in acute metabolic decompensation treatment of maple syrup urine disease (MSUD).

Methods: All the neonates, infants and children who have had life threatening conditions due to MSUD and were treated with continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) were analyzed retrospectively.

Results: Fourteen patients underwent 15 sessions of CVVHDF (age range 15 days to 87 months, mean 40.

Evaluation of epidemiological and clinical features of influenza and other respiratory viruses.

Aim: In our study, we aimed to clinically and epidemiologically evaluate respiratory tract infections the viral agents of which were detected by molecular methods and to compare influenza and other respiratory tract viruses in this context.

Material And Methods: The records of 178 patients aged above 2 years who presented to pediatric emergency outpatient clinic with fever and respiratory tract infection findings between December 2013 and April 2014 were examined retrospectively.

Results: At least one respiratory tract pathogen was detected by polymerase chain reaction in 78.

Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae colonization in pediatric and neonatal intensive care units: risk factors for progression to infection.

Background: Little is known about factors associated with carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infections in pediatric patients, who are initally colonized with carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted involving pediatric and neonatal intensive care units throughout a five-year period (January 2010-December 2014). Clinical and microbiological data were extracted from Hospital Infection Control Committee reports and patients' medical records.