Lipid Profile and Atherogenic Risk Assessment in Nigerian Breast Cancer Patients - A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The lipid profile and atherogenic risk indices in Nigerian breast cancer patients are largely unknown. This study evaluated the lipid profile and atherogenic risk indices of breast cancer patients in Nigeria.

Methods: This study involved 45 primarily diagnosed breast cancer patients and 50 normal control subjects.

Body composition, energy expenditure and caloric intake among breast cancer patients at a teaching hospital in Nigeria-a cross sectional study.

Objective: This cross-sectional study was conducted on the associations between body composition, energy expenditure and caloric intake among 45 Nigerian breast cancer patients.

Methods: Forty-five Nigerian breast cancer patients were measured and analysed for their body composition, energy expenditure and caloric intake. Statistical analyses included a chi-square test, Student's -test, paired -test, Spearman correlation and linear regression using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 23.

Determinants of late detection and advanced-stage diagnosis of breast cancer in Nigeria.

Objective: To describe the risk factors for late detection and advanced-stage diagnosis among patients who detected their BC early.

Method: Using secondary data, we analyzed the impact of socio-demographic factors, premorbid experience, BC knowledge, and health-seeking pattern on the risk of late detection and advanced-stage diagnosis after early BC detection. Test of statistical significance in SPSS and EasyR was set at 5% using Sign-test, chi-square tests (of independence and goodness of fit), odds ratio, or risk ratio as appropriate.

Determinants of Delayed Presentation and Advanced-Stage Diagnosis of Breast Cancer in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background/objective: Breast cancer (BC) mortality is exceptionally high in Africa due to late presentation and advanced-stage diagnosis. Previous studies examining barriers to early BC presentation are markedly inconsistent, showing conflicting findings within and between African regions, making resource allocation and designing interventional campaigns challenging. Our objective was to assess the strength or magnitude of the association between determinants/risk factors and delayed presentation/advanced-stage diagnosis of BC in Africa.

Plasma D-Dimer and Fibrinogen Levels Correlates with Tumor Size and Disease Progression in Nigerian Breast Cancer Patients.

Fourty-five breast cancer patients and 50 apparently healthy sex-matched controls from the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital were enrolled in this study. Plasma D-dimer and fibrinogen were found to be significantly higher than controls; APTT was significantly shorter than the controls. D-dimer and fibrinogen were also significantly positively correlated with ECOG, disease stage, lymph node involvement, and tumor size.

Presentation intervals and the impact of delay on breast cancer progression in a black African population.

Background: The help-seeking interval and primary-care interval are points of delays in breast cancer presentation. To inform future intervention targeting early diagnosis of breast cancer, we described the contribution of each interval to the delay and the impact of delay on tumor progression.

Method: We conducted a multicentered survey from June 2017 to May 2018 hypothesizing that most patients visited the first healthcare provider within 60 days of tumor detection.

Prevalence of Themes Linked to Delayed Presentation of Breast Cancer in Africa: A Meta-Analysis of Patient-Reported Studies.

Purpose: The prevalence of themes linked to delay in presentation of breast cancer (BC) and their underlying factors vary considerably throughout Africa. Regional differences and trends are largely unreported. The purpose of this research was to provide summary estimates of the prevalence and distribution of the themes and underlying factors linked to delay in the presentation of BC, regional variation, and trends in an effort to identify targets for intervention.

Cost effectiveness analysis of duration of nonoperative management for adhesive bowel obstruction in a developing country.

Background: Adhesive bowel obstruction (ABO) costs billions of dollars in developed countries. Cost is unknown in developing countries. This depends on the type of management and duration of hospital stay.

Relationship between tumour size and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy among breast cancer patients in a tertiary center in Nigeria.

Background: Tumour biology, physiologic features such as growth fraction and physical features such as size may influence response of breast cancer to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Molecular biology is an established basis for predicting response and selecting neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Whether physical characteristics such as size should influence chemotherapy regimen is inconclusive and has not been adequately studied in developing countries.

Level of Awareness and Knowledge of Breast Cancer in Nigeria. A Systematic Review.

Background: Despite reports of improved awareness of breast cancer entity and seemingly upbeat levels of other awareness subthemes in Nigeria, patients continue to present late when treatment is least rewarding. This paradoxical trend of both rising awareness and late presentation coupled with reports suggesting other competing drivers of late presentation question the "theory of poor awareness" as the foremost driver of late presentations. By aggregating available data, we aimed to assess what still constitutes poor breast cancer awareness in Nigeria in order to suggest how to allocate resources to reverse the paradox.

Establishing a Cancer Research Consortium in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Challenges Faced and Lessons Learned.

Purpose: There is an increasing effort in the global public health community to strengthen research capacity in low- and middle-income countries, but there is no consensus on how best to approach such endeavors. Successful consortia that perform research on HIV/AIDS and other infectious diseases exist, but few papers have been published detailing the challenges faced and lessons learned in setting up and running a successful research consortium.

Methods: Members of the African Research Group for Oncology (ARGO) participated in generating lessons learned regarding the foundation and maintenance of a cancer research consortium in Nigeria.

How Effective is the Treatment of Locally Advanced and Metastatic Breast Cancer in Developing Centres?: A Retrospective Review.

Background: The use of chemotherapy in advanced metastatic breast cancer remains a subject of controversy. The thought of MicKinnon et al (early 1950s) that the course of breast cancer was unaffected by chemotherapy has been refuted by results of treatment in the developed countries. The poor result of treatment in developing centres still compares with prechemotherapy era.

Direct current electrotherapy for internal haemorrhoids: experience in a tertiary health institution.

Introduction: Haemorrhoids disease is one of the most frequently occurring disabling conditions of the anorectum. We re-present the method, advantages and results of using direct current electrotherapy in the treatment of haemorrhoids.

Methods: Symptomatic grades 1, 2 or 3 internal and mixed haemorroids were treated.

Serial pathologic fractures of five long bones on four separate occasions in a patient with primary hyperparathyroidism, challenges of management in a developing country: a case report.

Multiple pathologic fractures secondary to parathyroid adenoma is rarely recognized and reported in the tropics. Inadequate evaluation causes worsened disability and increased psychological stress. We present a 27-year-old Nigerian male student with recurrent unexplained pathological fractures of the long bones.

Preoperative pain treatment in acute abdomen in Osogbo, Nigeria: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study.

Background: Withholding analgesics in acute abdomen for fear of masking clinical features and impairing diagnosis and decision-making is still being practiced despite recent evidence to the contrary. This study assesses the effect of preoperative analgesia on clinical findings, clinical diagnosis, and decision-making in patients with non-trauma acute abdomen.

Method: This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study using Tramal, a brand of tramadol, at the ED of LAUTECH Teaching Hospital Osogbo, Nigeria.