Assessment of EN-RAGE, sRAGE, and its isoforms: cRAGE, esRAGE in obese patients treated by moderate caloric restriction combined with physical activity conducted in hospital condition.

Background: AGEs, their receptor (RAGE), and the extracellular newly identified receptor for AGEs product-binding protein (EN-RAGE) are implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammation.

Aim: We analyzed serum EN-RAGE, soluble RAGE (sRAGE), and their isoforms: endogenous secretory - esRAGE and cleaved - cRAGE concentrations in lean controls (n = 74) and in patients with obesity (n = 71) treated for three weeks with moderate calorie restriction (CR) combined with physical activity in a hospital condition.

Methods: Using the ELISA method, serum sRAGE, esRAGE, and EN-RAGE were measured before and after CR.

The role of genetic risk factors, diet, and gut microbiota in type 1 diabetes mellitus, pancreas and pancreatic islet transplantation.

Despite advances in insulin delivery and glucose monitoring technology, prevention of the progression of secondary complications in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) remains a challenge. Beta cell replacement therapy in the form of islet or pancreas transplantation can restore long-term normoglycaemia with sustained periods of insulin independence among T1DM patients. However, the same genetic, behavioural, or gut microbiota-related factors that promoted autoimmunity and primary islet destruction may also affect the function of transplanted islets and the ultimate results of transplant procedures.

Impact of Folate Intake on Bone Mineral Density in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: Decreased bone mineral density (BMD) is a common problem among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We hypothesised that an insufficient intake of folate might affect BMD.

Methods: The study subjects included 26 with Crohn's disease-CD, 30 with ulcerative colitis-UC, and 31 healthy adults (control group-CG) aged 18-50 years.

Are variants of the RBP4 gene associated with serum retinol-binding protein 4 concentrations and carotid intima-media thickness values in women with obesity?

Introduction: Several studies showed the correlation of retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) with increased cardiovascular risk - including higher values of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) - particularly in individuals with obesity.

Objectives: Our study aimed to investigate the impact of rs10882273; rs3758538; rs3758539, and rs7094671 RBP4 gene variants on RBP4 serum concentrations as well as cIMT values (a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis) among female patients with obesity.

Patients And Methods: We recruited 74 women with obesity and 24 women without obesity as a study and control group, respectively.

Physical activity, quality of diet and bone mineral density in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: The aim of this study was to find an association between moderate, vigorous and total physical activity (PA); diet quality; and bone mineral density (BMD) among patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods: We enrolled 54 IBD patients, including those with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), and 24 healthy adults. All subjects completed the Questionnaire of Eating Behaviour based on which prohealthy and nonhealthy diet indexes were calculated, and the questionnaire included questions from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire.

Why Does Obesity as an Inflammatory Condition Predispose to Colorectal Cancer?

Obesity is a complex and multifactorial problem of global importance. Additionally, obesity causes chronic inflammation, upregulates cell growth, disturbs the immune system, and causes genomic instability, increasing the risk of carcinogenesis. Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers, and it has become a global problem.

Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with increased accumulation of advanced glycation end products in the skin in patients with type 1 diabetes: A preliminary study.

Background: Helicobacter pylori infection (HPI) is more frequently diagnosed in patients with diabetes. Insulin resistance in patients with type 1 diabetes (DMT1) is associated with the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the skin and progression of chronic complications.

Objectives: Assessment of the relationship between the incidence of HPI and skin AGEs in patients with DMT1.

Effect of the one-day fasting on cortisol and DHEA daily rhythm regarding sex, chronotype, and age among obese adults.

Introduction: Physiological and biochemical processes in the human body occur in a specific order and show rhythmic variability. Time dependence characterizes the secretion of cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). One-day fasting implies alternating fasting days and eating days.

Why are western diet and western lifestyle pro-inflammatory risk factors of celiac disease?

The prevalence of celiac disease increased in recent years. In addition to the genetic and immunological factors, it appears that environmental determinants are also involved in the pathophysiology of celiac disease. Gastrointestinal infections impact the development of celiac disease.

Assessment of Oxidative Stress Indices and Total Phenolics Concentrations in Obese Adult Women-The Effect of Training with Supplemental Oxygen: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of using an oxygen-enriched breathing mixture during controlled physical training on blood oxidative stress parameters and total phenolics (TP) concentrations in obese adult women. Methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial study included 60 women aged 19−68 with BMIs greater than 30 kg/m2. Patients were randomly assigned to the study group (n = 30), which received additional intervention in supplementing the breathing mixture with oxygen at the flow of 6 L/min during training sessions, and the control group (n = 30).

Accumulation of Advanced Glycation End-Products in the Body and Dietary Habits.

The formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGE) in tissues is a physiological process; however, excessive production and storage are pathological and lead to inflammation. A sedentary lifestyle, hypercaloric and high-fructose diet and increased intake of processed food elements contribute to excessive production of compounds, which are created in the non-enzymatic multi-stage glycation process. The AGE's sources can be endogenous and exogenous, mainly due to processing food at high temperatures and low moisture, including grilling, roasting, and frying.

Treatment of Diabetes and Osteoporosis-A Reciprocal Risk?

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic and systematic disorder that requires individualized therapy. The disease leads to various consequences, resulting in the destruction of tissues and organs. The aforementioned outcomes also include bone mineral disorders, caused by medications as well as diet therapy and physical activity.

Associations between vitamin D, bone mineral density, and the course of inflammatory bowel disease in Polish patients.

Introduction: There are various factors contributing to the pathogenesis of osteoporosis in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including steroid therapy, malnutrition, and vitamin D deficiency.

Objectives: The study aimed to assess the vitamin D level among IBD patients and to investigate the relationship between vitamin D concentration and bone mineral density (BMD).

Patients And Methods: The study participants included 239 adult patients with IBD and a control group of 45 healthy adults.

Effect of Flaxseed ( L.) Supplementation on Vascular Endothelial Cell Morphology and Function in Patients with Dyslipidaemia-A Preliminary Observation.

Context: Flaxseed has a characteristic fatty acids composition and unique phytonutrient profile that may have health-promoting properties.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effects of 10 weeks of supplementation with the flaxseed (28 g/day) on endothelial cells (EC) function, serum lipids and proinflammatory mediators in patients with mild and severe dyslipidaemia.

Materials And Methods: Eleven lean patients with severe dyslipidaemia treated with apheresis (group 1; 10 weeks treated in four phases: (i) ordinary diet, (ii) ordinary diet + flaxseed, (iii) ordinary diet (wash out), (iv) ordinary diet + placebo) and eleven obese patients with mild dyslipidaemia-not treated with apheresis (group 2; 10 weeks treated in two phases: (i) ordinary diet, (ii) low fat diet + flaxseed).

Where Do We Stand in the Behavioral Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease? The Western Dietary Pattern and Microbiota-A Narrative Review.

Despite the increasing knowledge with regard to IBD (inflammatory bowel disease), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), the etiology of these conditions is still not fully understood. Apart from immunological, environmental and nutritional factors, which have already been well documented, it is worthwhile to look at the possible impact of genetic factors, as well as the composition of the microbiota in patients suffering from IBD. New technologies in biochemistry allow to obtain information that can add to the current state of knowledge in IBD etiology.

The effect of breathing an oxygen-enriched mixture on tissue saturation in obese women.

Background: Physical activity undertaken in the treatment process additionally increases the oxygen demand of the working muscles. It seems interesting to see whether a delivery of an enriched respiratory mixture can have an impact on lower acidification of working muscles and oxygenation of tissues.

Objectives: To assess tissue saturation and the level of acidification at rest and during exercise while breathing atmospheric air or an oxygen-enriched mixture.

No Significant Effect of the Individual Chronotype on the Result of Moderate Calorie Restriction for Obesity-A Pilot Study.

Background: Chronotype is the pattern of the circadian rhythm that allows an individual to optimize times of sleep and activity. It has been observed that chronotypes may associate with some conditions and diseases, including obesity. It is not known, however, whether chronotypes determine the effectiveness of weight loss regimens.

Does Folic Acid Protect Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease from Complications?

Folic acid, referred to as vitamin B9, is a water-soluble substance, which participates in the synthesis of nucleic acids, amino acids, and proteins. Similarly to B12 and B6, vitamin B9 is involved in the metabolism of homocysteine, which is associated with the gene. The human body is not able to synthesize folic acid; thus, it must be supplemented with diet.

Iron Deficiency Anemia in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases-A Narrative Review.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. IBD has been associated with numerous symptoms and complications, with the most common being iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Iron deficiency in IBD is caused by inadequate intake, malabsorption (including duodenal involvement and surgical removal), and chronic blood loss by mucosal ulcerations.

Immunogenetic, Molecular and Microbiotic Determinants of Eosinophilic Esophagitis and Clinical Practice-A New Perspective of an Old Disease.

Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) is a chronic, allergic disease associated with a T-lymphocyte response inducing esophageal eosinophilic infiltration in the esophagus. Inflammation and tissue fibrosis are responsible for the main clinical symptoms such as food impaction and dysphagia. The etiopathogenesis is multifactorial in which genetic and environmental factors coexist.

What Links an Increased Cardiovascular Risk and Inflammatory Bowel Disease? A Narrative Review.

Several studies have shown increased rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly in cases of early atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction. IBD most frequently begins at an early age, patients usually present normal weight and remain under constant care of a physician, as well as of a nutritionist. Therefore, the classical risk factors of CVD are not reflected in the higher prevalence of CVD in the IBD population.

What Can We Change in Diet and Behaviour in Order to Decrease Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Patients with Obesity?

Atherosclerosis-considered the major cause of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)-is strongly associated with obesity, to which it strongly contributes. Moreover, atherosclerosis is characterised by a long asymptomatic phase, and its progression can lead to serious cardiovascular (CV) events. The carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) has been determined as a predictor of CV events, as well as a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis, and has been used in clinical trials as an alternative assessment method or a surrogate endpoint.

Behavioral factors and the risk of viral infection: essential aspects during the COVID‑19 pandemic.

The current COVID-19 pandemic continues for over eleven months. Several nutritional and behavioural aspects have been associated with an increased inflammatory state, or oxidative stress, which could negatively affect the course of COVID-19. As research has shown, metabolic diseases, including obesity, or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), in which proper diet is especially important, increase the risk of the COVID-19 infection and can exacerbate its course.

Milk and Dairy Products: Good or Bad for Human Bone? Practical Dietary Recommendations for the Prevention and Management of Osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis affects women twice as often as men. Additionally, it is estimated that 0.3 million and 1.