Visfatin and VEGF levels are not increased in adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Introduction: PCOS is one of the most commonly occurring endocrinopathies among women and increasingly affects adolescent populations. The connection between PCOS and various endocrinological, psychological, and CVD is increasingly recognized. Some studies have shown elevated levels of visfatin and VEGF among patients with PCOS, which are markers of vascular endothelial dysfunction.

Factors beyond Body Mass Index Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk among Children with Severe Obesity.

: The increasing prevalence of severe obesity among children and adolescents poses a significant challenge for pediatricians and general practitioners. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between biochemical results, anthropometry, blood pressure measurements, and bioimpedance analysis (BIA)-derived parameters to identify potential cardiometabolic complications associated with severe obesity. : This study included 347 children (162 boys, 185 girls) aged 0-19 years, meeting the criteria for severe obesity based on BMI thresholds for different age groups.

Collaborative effort: managing Bardet-Biedl syndrome in pediatric patients. Case series and a literature review.

Bardet-Biedl Syndrome (BBS) is an autosomal recessive non-motile ciliopathy, caused by mutations in more than twenty genes. Their expression leads to the production of BBSome-building proteins or chaperon-like proteins supporting its structure. The prevalence of the disease is estimated at 1: 140,000 - 160,000 of life births.

Different Eating Habits Are Observed in Overweight and Obese Children Than in Normal-Weight Peers.

Background: Obesity is diagnosed in 13.6% of early primary school children in Poland. Its presence at this age increases the risk of obesity occurrence in adulthood.

The age of the obesity onset is a very important factor for the development of metabolic complications and cardiovascular risk in children and adolescents with severe obesity.

Severe obesity defined as BMI value corresponding to an adult > 40 kg/m affects 1-5% of children and adolescents in Europe. The purpose of this study was to assess the occurrence of cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents with severe obesity. The analysis included 140 patients (75 female) at the mean age of 14 ± 2.

Physical Activity and Its Potential Determinants in Obese Children and Adolescents under Specialist Outpatient Care-A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study.

(1) Background: this study aimed to assess the physical activity of obese pediatric patients under specialized outpatient care and its potential determinants. (2) Methods: A total of 83 subjects aged 7-18 years with simple obesity and their parents were enrolled. Data were collected with the use of physical activity questionnaires (PAQs) for children and adolescents and additional questions concerning selected socio-demographic characteristics.

A 4-Year-Old Boy with an Accidentally Detected Mutation in the RET Proto-Oncogene and Mutation in the Gene Encoding the Ryanodine Receptor1 (RyR1)-Case Report.

Multiple endocrine neoplasia 2B (MEN2B) is a rare syndrome with prevalence estimated at approximately 0.2 per 100,000; it is caused by mutation of the RET proto-oncogene. MEN2B is characterized by early-onset medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), ganglioneuromatosis of the aerodigestive tract, marfanoid habitus, ophthalmologic abnormalities, and pheochromocytoma in adulthood.

Are menstrual disorders in adolescent girls related to metabolic disorders?

Introduction: Menstrual disorders in adolescent girls are a common clinical problem. They are often accompanied by lipid and glucose metabolism disturbances. The aim of the study was to investigate to what extent the metabolic profile of adolescent girls relates to the severity of their menstrual disorders.

Clinical, genetic, and epidemiological survey of Polish children and adolescents with severe obesity: A study protocol of the Polish-German study project on severe early-onset obesity.

Severe early-onset obesity (SEOO) in children is a common feature of monogenic obesity. Nowadays, mutations in at least 50 genes are known to be related to monogenic obesity, and many others are tested. Part of them is involved in the leptin-proopiomelanocortin pathway.

Validation of the Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire in Poland.

Introduction: Obesity is increasingly diagnosed in pre-school and early primary school children. Eating styles displayed by the youngest children may contribute to the development of overweight and obesity. Their assessment may be extremely important in diagnosing the causes of obesity, but also in planning treatment.

Childhood Obesity: Position Statement of Polish Society of Pediatrics, Polish Society for Pediatric Obesity, Polish Society of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, the College of Family Physicians in Poland and Polish Association for Study on Obesity.

Childhood obesity is one of the most important problems of public health. Searching was conducted by using PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, MEDLINE, and EBSCO databases, from January 2022 to June 2022, for English language meta-analyses, systematic reviews, randomized clinical trials, and observational studies from all over the world. Five main topics were defined in a consensus join statement of the Polish Society of Pediatrics, Polish Society for Pediatric Obesity, Polish Society of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes and Polish Association for the Study on Obesity: (1) definition, causes, consequences of obesity; (2) treatment of obesity; (3) obesity prevention; (4) the role of primary care in the prevention of obesity; (5) Recommendations for general practitioners, parents, teachers, and regional authorities.

Statin therapy and lipids-lowering supplements - safe and effective treatment of lipids disturbances in children.

Introduction: There is a significant correlation between elevated LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) levels sustained from childhood and future vascular disease. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the therapy chosen for children with lipid disorders.

Material And Methods: The study group consisted of 37 children with increased LDL-C (13 boys) aged 8.

Dimensions of the anterior cruciate ligament and thickness of the distal femoral growth plate in children: a MRI-based study.

Background: When determining the dimensions of an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft in children, bone age should be considered in addition to the patient's age, gender, and body height.

Objectives: We aimed to determine the relationship between age, gender, and ACL dimensions as well as thickness of growth plate cartilage of the distal femur during puberty.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed MRI scans of the knee in 131 children (82 girls, 49 boys) aged 6-18 years (mean age: 14.

The prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis in adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objectives: Both polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and autoimmune thyroiditis (AT) are reported to be common endocrinopathies. In recent years the number of publications assessing the coexistence of these two disease entities in adult women has been growing. There are many suggestions regarding pathophysiological mechanisms that can cause the relationship between AT and PCOS.

An Attempt to Assess the Impact of Pandemic Restrictions on the Lifestyle, Diet, and Body Mass Index of Children with Endocrine Diseases-Preliminary Results.

Background: Home isolation during the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic lockdown strongly impacted everyday life, affecting, in particular, eating habits and everyday activity. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of the pandemic on behaviors and subsequent changes in body mass index (BMI) in children from Southern Poland.

Methods: The study included 206 participants (104 females and 102 males) with a complete analysis of 177 participants (96 females and 81 males) with a mean age of 12.

MicroRNAs as the promising markers of comorbidities in childhood obesity-A systematic review.

Introduction: Rising child obesity rate creates a need for tools quantifying changes in children suffering from obesity, for purposes of detection or prevention of comorbidities. A candidate for such a role seems to be microRNAs, which in vivo serve as the suppressing factors in gene expression.

Objectives: This study aimed at reviewing recent discoveries in this field and concluding directions of research or application of studied molecules.

Treatment of acetabular fractures in paediatric patients.

Background: Acetabular fractures are rare in children, constituting approximately 1-4.6% of all paediatric fractures.

Material And Methods: Nine patients (4 girls and 5 boys) with a mean age of 14.

Metabolic and Hormonal Profile of Adolescent Girls With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome With Concomitant Autoimmune Thyroiditis.

Introduction: Both polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and autoimmune thyroiditis (AT) are considered to be among the most common endocrinopathies in young women, and they are classified as diseases that affect many processes in the human body. Their role in the development of metabolic disorders and diseases of the cardiovascular system in adult women is also emphasized. However, there are no data available to assess such risk in the teenage girl population.

Evaluation of using the Anderson-Montesano and the Tuli classifications in pediatric patients with occipital condyle fractures.

Background: Occipital condyle fractures (OCFs) in patients before 18 years of age are rare. Classifications of OCF are based on the CT images of the cranio-cervical junction (CCJ) and MRI. The Anderson-Montesano and Tuli classifications are the types which are most commonly used in these cases.

Depression, anxiety and self-esteem in adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objectives: Objective of the study was to evaluate the depression, anxiety and perceived stress level in adolescent girls with diagnosed polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), as well as to assess their body and self-esteem and its impact on emotional status.

Material And Methods: In 27 adolescent girls with confirmed diagnosis of PCOS (study group) as well as 27 healthy, regularly menstruating, age and BMI matched girls (control group) Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and Body-Esteem Scale (BES) containing three subscales (sexual attractiveness, weight concern, physical condition) were performed.

Results: There were no significant differences between PCOS group and control group in depression and PSS-10 scores, but the anxiety score was significantly higher in control than in PCOS group (9.

Adult attachment styles and mothers' life satisfaction in relation to eating behaviors in the families with overweight and obese children.

Family plays a significant role in shaping children's eating behaviors. The aim of the study was to assess whether mothers' attachment style, their life satisfaction and their own body weight can be associated with family eating behaviors. The results from 52 dyads (mothers/children) covered by the Metabolic Disease Clinic were analyzed.

Relative leptin deficiency in children with severe early-onset obesity (SEOO) - results of the Early-onset Obesity and Leptin - German-Polish Study (EOL-GPS).

Background Severe early-onset obesity (SEOO) in children is a common feature of monogenic obesity. Gene defects of the leptin-melanocortin pathway can be analysed biochemically and genetically. The aim of this study was to search for children with leptin deficiency or biologically inactive leptin in a cohort of children with SEOO and to study associations between leptin parameters and anthropometric data.

GHD Diagnostics in Europe and the US: An Audit of National Guidelines and Practice.

Introduction: Almost 20 years after the first international guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of GHD have been published, clinical practice varies significantly. The low accuracy of endocrine tests for GHD and the burden caused by ineffective treatment of individual patients were strong motives for national endocrine societies to set up national guidelines regarding how to diagnose GHD in childhood. This audit aims to review the current state and identify common changes, which may improve the diagnostic procedure.

Resistance to thyroid hormone with a mutation of the thyroid β receptor gene in an eight-month-old infant - a case report.

Introduction: Resistance to thyroid hormone (RTHβ) is a rare syndrome of impaired tissue responsiveness to thyroid hormones (THs). The disorder has an autosomal dominant or recessive pattern of inheritance. Most of the reported mutations have been detected in the thyroid hormone receptorβ gene (THRβ).