Genomic and transcriptomic analysis of IBB3154-in search of new promoters for vaccine construction.

The genome of the strain IBB3154 was sequenced, and transcriptome analysis was carried out at two different temperatures, allowing the determination of gene expression levels in response to environmental changes (temperature). Genes with higher expression at 42°C were identified. The use of a reporter gene (β- glucuronidase) did not confirm the transcriptomic results; it was found that the promoters of the genes and were active in the presence of bile salts.

Structure and functions of a multireplicon genome of Antarctic Psychrobacter sp. ANT_H3: characterization of the genetic modules suitable for the construction of the plasmid-vectors for cold-active bacteria.

Among Psychrobacter spp., there are several multireplicon strains, carrying more than two plasmids. Psychrobacter sp.

Differential Localization and Functional Specialization of Centromere-Like Sites in Replicons of .

Partitioning systems ensure the stable inheritance of bacterial low-copy-number replicons, such as chromosomes, chromids, and megaplasmids. These loci consist of two genes encoding partition proteins A and B, and at least one centromere-like sequence. In chromids and megaplasmids, partitioning systems are often located in the vicinity of replication systems.

Interplay between DsbA1, DsbA2 and C8J_1298 Periplasmic Oxidoreductases of and Their Impact on Bacterial Physiology and Pathogenesis.

The bacterial proteins of the Dsb family catalyze the formation of disulfide bridges between cysteine residues that stabilize protein structures and ensure their proper functioning. Here, we report the detailed analysis of the Dsb pathway of . The oxidizing Dsb system of this pathogen is unique because it consists of two monomeric DsbAs (DsbA1 and DsbA2) and one dimeric bifunctional protein (C8J_1298).

Delivery of Toxins and Effectors by Bacterial Membrane Vesicles.

Pathogenic bacteria interact with cells of their host via many factors. The surface components, i.e.

Lactic Acid Bacteria - A Promising Tool for Controlling Chicken Infection.

Since 2005, campylobacteriosis has been the most common zoonotic disease in Europe. The main reservoir of pathogenic strains is broilers, which makes raw and undercooked poultry meat two major sources of disease. Infection in chicken flocks is most often asymptomatic, despite a high level of colonization reaching 10-10cfu/g in animal ceca.

FRAX prognostic and intervention thresholds in the management of major bone fractures in hemodialysis patients: A two-year prospective multicenter cohort study.

Purpose: The usefulness of FRAX in predicting major bone fractures in patients with end-stage kidney disease on maintenance hemodialysis treatment has been confirmed in previous studies. For meaningful clinical use, the prognostic and intervention FRAX thresholds need to be established.

Methods: The primary aim of our study was to calculate the optimal cut-off point of FRAX for the best prediction of an increased bone fracture risk in dialysis patients and additionally, to propose its intervention threshold, indicating the need for antifracture pharmacological treatment.

Influence of Environmental and Genetic Factors on Proteomic Profiling of Outer Membrane Vesicles from .

The proteomes of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) secreted by 81-176 strain, which was exposed to oxygen or antibiotic stress (polymyxin B), were characterized. We also assessed the OMVs production and their content in two mutated strains - ∆ and ∆. OMVs production was significantly increased under the polymyxin B stress and remained unaltered in all other variants.

In vitro characteristics of Lactobacillus spp. strains isolated from the chicken digestive tract and their role in the inhibition of Campylobacter colonization.

Campylobacter jejuni/coli infections are the leading cause of bacterial diarrheal illnesses in humans. Many epidemiological studies indicate that improperly prepared meat from chickens that carry a high load of Campylobacter in their intestinal tracts is the key source of human infections. LAB, mainly members of the Lactococcus and Lactobacillus genera, increasingly have been tested as vehicles for the delivery of heterologous bacterial or viral antigens to animal mucosal immune systems.

Evaluation of a protective effect of in ovo delivered Campylobacter jejuni OMVs.

Campylobacter jejuni is the most prevalent cause of a food-borne gastroenteritis in the developed world, with poultry being the main source of infection. Campylobacter jejuni, like other Gram-negative bacteria, constitutively releases outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). OMVs are highly immunogenic, can be taken up by mammalian cells, and are easily modifiable by recombinant engineering.

Chicken Anti-Campylobacter Vaccine - Comparison of Various Carriers and Routes of Immunization.

Campylobacter spp, especially the species Campylobacter jejuni, are important human enteropathogens responsible for millions of cases of gastro-intestinal disease worldwide every year. C. jejuni is a zoonotic pathogen, and poultry meat that has been contaminated by microorganisms is recognized as a key source of human infections.

Cell Wall Anchoring of the Campylobacter Antigens to Lactococcus lactis.

Campylobacter jejuni is the most frequent cause of human food-borne gastroenteritis and chicken meat is the main source of infection. Recent studies showed that broiler chicken immunization against Campylobacter should be the most efficient way to lower the number of human infections by this pathogen. Induction of the mucosal immune system after oral antigen administration should provide protective immunity to chickens.

Lactic acid bacteria--20 years exploring their potential as live vectors for mucosal vaccination.

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a diverse group of Gram-positive, nonsporulating, low G + C content bacteria. Many of them have been given generally regarded as safe status. Over the past two decades, intensive genetic and molecular research carried out on LAB, mainly Lactococcus lactis and some species of the Lactobacillus genus, has revealed new, potential biomedical LAB applications, including the use of LAB as adjuvants, immunostimulators, or therapeutic drug delivery systems, or as factories to produce therapeutic molecules.

Lactic acid bacteria as a surface display platform for Campylobacter jejuni antigens.

Background: Food poisoning and diarrheal diseases continue to pose serious health care and socioeconomic problems worldwide. Campylobacter spp. is a very widespread cause of gastroenteritis.

Evaluation of the immunogenicity of Campylobacter jejuni CjaA protein delivered by Salmonella enterica sv. Typhimurium strain with regulated delayed attenuation in chickens.

Campylobacter spp. are regarded as the most common bacterial cause of gastroenteritis worldwide, and consumption of chicken meat contaminated by Campylobacter is considered to be one of the most frequent sources of human infection in developed countries. Here we evaluated the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of Salmonella Typhimurium χ9718 producing the Campylobacter jejuni CjaA protein as a chicken anti-Campylobacter vaccine.

Campylobacter jejuni dsb gene expression is regulated by iron in a Fur-dependent manner and by a translational coupling mechanism.

Background: Many bacterial extracytoplasmic proteins are stabilized by intramolecular disulfide bridges that are formed post-translationally between their cysteine residues. This protein modification plays an important role in bacterial pathogenesis, and is facilitated by the Dsb (disulfide bond) family of the redox proteins. These proteins function in two parallel pathways in the periplasmic space: an oxidation pathway and an isomerization pathway.

Update on Campylobacter jejuni vaccine development for preventing human campylobacteriosis.

Campylobacteriosis constitutes a serious medical and socioeconomic problem worldwide. Rapidly increasing antibiotic resistance of bacterial strains compels us to develop alternative therapeutic strategies and to search for efficient immunoprophylactic methods. The vast majority of Campylobacter infections in developed countries occur as sporadic cases, mainly caused by eating undercooked Campylobacter-contaminated poultry.

The decline of antibiotic era--new approaches for antibacterial drug discovery.

Infectious diseases still remain the main cause of human premature deaths; especially in developing countries. The emergence and spread of pathogenic bacteria resistant to many antibiotics (multidrug-resistant strains) have created the need for the development of novel therapeutic agents. Only two new classes of antibiotics of novel mechanisms of action (linezolid and daptomycin) have been introduced into the market during the last three decades.

The Campylobacter jejuni/coli cjaA (cj0982c) gene encodes an N-glycosylated lipoprotein localized in the inner membrane.

The Campylobacter coli 72Dz/92 cjaA gene (orthologue of cj0982c of C. jejuni NCTC 11168) product is a highly immunogenic, amino acid-binding protein. CjaA was palmitic acid-modified when processed in E.

Genetic characterisation of the cjaAB operon of Campylobacter coli.

We investigated the regulation of the cjaA and cjaB genes of Campylobacter coli. These genes are seemingly arranged into one operon but appear to encode functionally different proteins i.e.

Comparison of the localization and post-translational modification of Campylobacter coli CjaC and its homolog from Campylobacter jejuni, Cj0734c/HisJ.

Campylobacter is an asaccharolytic microorganism which uses amino acids as a source of carbon and energy. CjaC/HisJ is a ligand-binding protein, a component of the ABC transport system. Campylobacter CjaC/HisJ is post-translationally modified by glycosylation.

New approaches to development of mucosal vaccine against enteric bacterial pathogens; preventing campylobacteriosis.

Although vaccination, after having been more than 200 years in medical practice, has proven to be the most effective and the cheapest way to prevent infectious diseases, they remain still the main cause of human premature deaths. As many pathogens enter the human body through the mucosal surfaces, the mucosal way of immunization is considered to be the most promising strategy to decrease the number of human infections. Moreover, the oral delivery system eliminates the necessity of injection what is extremely important for pediatric immunization programs.

Antigenicity of the Campylobacter coli CjaA protein produced by Escherichia coli.

Immunogenic C. coli CjaA protein is a candidate for a chicken anti-Campylobacter subunit vaccine. In order to enhance its immunogenicity an antigenic determinant of the CjaA protein was identified.

Oral immunization of chickens with avirulent Salmonella vaccine strain carrying C. jejuni 72Dz/92 cjaA gene elicits specific humoral immune response associated with protection against challenge with wild-type Campylobacter.

It is well documented that poultry and poultry products are the major source of human campylobacteriosis and salmonellosis. This study examined the general efficacy of avirulent Salmonella vaccine strains expressing Campylobacter antigen as a bivalent chicken vaccine prototype. Three C.