Transpyloric Feeding is Associated With Improved Oxygenation Compared With Gastric Feeding Among Nonintubated Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants.

Objective: To study the impact of transpyloric (TP) feed initiation on short-term oxygenation and manual oxygen blender titration among extremely low birth weight infants.

Study Design: This retrospective study evaluated several measures of oxygenation among extremely low birth weight infants receiving positive pressure respiratory support for 96 hours before and after TP tube placement in a single neonatal intensive care unit during the years 2017- 2020. The measures included the achieved oxygen saturation (SpO), the baseline fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO), the SpO/FiO ratio, the number and severity of hypoxemic episodes and the frequency of manual oxygen titrations (titration index) and were analyzed using an interrupted time series regression approach.

Do red cell transfusions increase the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis in premature infants?

Objective: To test the hypothesis that red blood cell (RBC) transfusions increase the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in premature infants, we investigated whether the risk of "transfusion-associated" NEC is higher in infants with lower hematocrits and advanced postnatal age.

Study Design: Retrospective comparison of NEC patients and control patients born at < 34 weeks gestation.

Results: The frequency of RBC transfusions was similar in NEC patients (47/93, 51%) and control patients (52/91, 58%).

A case of mediastinal teratoma as a cause of nonimmune hydrops fetalis, and literature review.

This article reviews the current literature of mediastinal tumors as the cause of nonimmune hydrops fetalis (NIHF), the outcomes of reported cases, and a general overview of NIHF including diagnosis, workup, and a management algorithm, with particular attention made to intrathoracic lesions and gestation age. We present a unique case report of a premature neonate who initially presented with NIHF at birth and was subsequently diagnosed with a germ cell mediastinal teratoma as the etiology of NIHF. The patient survived for 50 days while having undergone surgical resection and chemotherapy during the hospital course.