The digital scent device 20: an automated, self-administered odor identification test.

Purpose: Assessing olfactory function is highly significant in clinical practice, particularly in the context of the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Recent approaches in this field emphasize the importance of reducing the time and cost devoted to olfactory testing procedures. Hence, the aim of the present study was to examine the reliability and basic characteristics of Digital Scent Device 20 (DSD-20), an innovative olfactory test consisting of 20 "universal odors", in a European population.

Pregnant women exhibit decreased trigeminal sensitivity.

Introduction: Chemosensory function in pregnant women is far from being fully understood due to the lack of data and inconsistencies between the results of self-reports and objective studies.

Methods: In the present study in pregnant and non-pregnant women (n = 14, n = 13), we measured EEG-derived electrophysiological response measures supported by psychophysical olfactory and trigeminal tests.

Results: Results indicate that the olfactory event-related potential amplitudes or latencies of the P1, N1, and P2 components remain unchanged in pregnant women.

Gender differences in the relationship between neuroticism and odor memory.

Given the indications on the relationship between neuroticism and various olfactory functions as well as the emotionality of odor memory, it is surprising that no research so far has investigated whether neuroticism corresponds with odor memory performance. Thus, the purpose of our study was to address this question in the context of gender differences. Participants (73 men) completed the 60-items NEO Five Factor Inventory and participated in 32-items "Test for odor memory".

Mood Impairment in Patients with Olfactory Loss Predicts a More Pronounced Recovery of Olfactory Function.

Background: Here, we refer to our publication "Symptoms of depression change with olfactory function" [Sci Rep. 2022 Apr 5;12(1):5656].

Objectives: Depression decreases with olfactory improvement, but the question remains open of whether patients who indicate more suffering regarding mood impairment exhibit a different pattern of recovery from olfactory loss compared to those who suffer less.

Olfaction evaluation in dogs with sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome.

Purpose: To evaluate olfaction in dogs with sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome (SARDS) compared with sighted dogs and blind dogs without SARDS as control groups.

Animals Studied: Forty client-owned dogs.

Procedure: Olfactory threshold testing was performed on three groups: SARDS, sighted, and blind/non-SARDS using eugenol as the test odorant.

Depression Severity Is Different in Dysosmic Patients Who Have Experienced Traumatic Brain Injury Compared with Those Who Have Not.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in humans can result in olfactory, cognitive, and affective changes. Surprisingly, research on the consequences of TBI often did not control for olfactory function in the investigated groups. Consequently, the affective or cognitive differences might be misleading as related rather to different olfactory performance than to a TBI experience.

Odor Threshold Differs for Some But Not All Odorants Between Older and Younger Adults.

Objectives: Olfactory function deteriorates with age, and definitive mechanisms by which this decline occurs are likely multifactorial. The present study, conducted on a large cohort of healthy participants, aimed to investigate whether odor thresholds would differ for variable odors with different physicochemical (e.g.

Effects of odors on sleep quality in 139 healthy participants.

The present study aimed to systematically examine whether laurinal, orange odor, and a specifically designed "perfume" influence sleep quality. During sleep, healthy participants (n = 139) were presented with odor or no odor through nose clips for fourteen consecutive nights (phase one). We collected physiological parameters together with subjective reports.

Do Voice-Based Judgments of Socially Relevant Speaker Traits Differ Across Speech Types?

Purpose: The human voice is a powerful and evolved social tool, with hundreds of studies showing that nonverbal vocal parameters robustly influence listeners' perceptions of socially meaningful speaker traits, ranging from perceived gender and age to attractiveness and trustworthiness. However, these studies have utilized a wide variety of voice stimuli to measure listeners' voice-based judgments of these traits. Here, in the largest scale study known to date, we test whether listeners judge the same unseen speakers differently depending on the complexity of the neutral speech stimulus, from single vowel sounds to a full paragraph.

Reply to Semin et al. Can Humans Discriminate Horse 'Fear' Chemosignals from Control Chemosignals? Comment on "Sabiniewicz et al. A Preliminary Investigation of Interspecific Chemosensory Communication of Emotions: Can Humans () Recognise Fear- and Non-Fear Body Odour from Horses (). 2021, , 3499".

Whereas several recent studies demonstrated that some animal species are able to recognize human emotions based on information from body odor [...

Can Humans Discriminate Horse 'Fear' Chemosignals from Control Chemosignals? Comment on Sabiniewicz et al. A Preliminary Investigation of Interspecific Chemosensory Communication of Emotions: Can Humans () Recognise Fear- and Non-Fear Body Odour from Horses (). 2021, , 3499.

We illustrate the problematic nature of different assumptions guiding the examination of whether humans can detect the source of fear chemosignals (i.e., body odors) emitted by horses-a research question examined in an article recently published in .

Factors Associated With Highest Symptoms of Anxiety During COVID-19: Cross-Cultural Study of 23 Countries.

The COVID-19 restrictions have impacted people's lifestyles in all spheres (social, psychological, political, economic, and others). This study explored which factors affected the level of anxiety during the time of the first wave of COVID-19 and subsequent quarantine in a substantial proportion of 23 countries, included in this study. The data was collected from May to August 2020 (5 June 2020).

Symptoms of depression change with olfactory function.

Olfactory loss is associated with symptoms of depression. The present study, conducted on a large cohort of mostly dysosmic patients, aimed to investigate whether improvement in olfactory performance would correspond with a decrease in depression severity. In 171 participants (157 dysosmic), we assessed olfactory function and severity of depression before and after an average interval of 11 months, with many patients showing improvement in olfactory function.

A Preliminary Investigation of Interspecific Chemosensory Communication of Emotions: Can Humans () Recognise Fear- and Non-Fear Body Odour from Horses ().

Mammalian body odour conveys cues about an individual's emotional state that can be recognised by conspecifics. Thus far, little attention has been paid to interspecific odour communication of emotions, and no studies have examined whether humans are able to recognise animal emotions from body odour. Thus, the aim of the present study was to address this question.

No evidence for association between human body odor quality and immune system functioning.

Previous studies have shown that women perceive male faces with a more reactive immune system as more attractive, but whether body odor might likewise provide cues to immune function has not been investigated yet. These two studies tested a possible relationship between body odor quality and immunoreactivity (Study 1) and immune system function (Study 2). In Study 1, we collected body odor samples from 21 men just before and two weeks after vaccination against hepatitis A/B and meningococcus.

Smells Influence Perceived Pleasantness but Not Memorization of a Visual Virtual Environment.

The present study aimed to investigate whether the perception of still scenes in a virtual environment in congruent versus incongruent condition can be influenced by odors. Ninety healthy participants were divided into three groups, including two experimental virtual reality (VR) environments: a rose garden, an orange basket, and a control condition. In each VR condition, participants were exposed to a rose odor, an orange odor, or no odor, resulting in congruent, incongruent, and control conditions.

TOM-32-An extended test for the assessment of olfactory memory.

Background: Olfactory memory testing is a promising way to explore different aspects of smell-related abilities in healthy subjects as well as to diagnose various diseases associated with disorders of this type of memory. Despite the obvious value of olfactory memory assessments, few available methods enable its diagnosis.

New Method: The aim of our study was to create a standardized research tool designed for olfactory memory studies: an extended, 32-item version of an available "Test for Odor Memory".

Corrigendum: Marital Satisfaction, Sex, Age, Marriage Duration, Religion, Number of Children, Economic Status, Education, and Collectivistic Values: Data from 33 Countries.

[This corrects the article on p. 1199 in vol. 8, PMID: 28785230.

Body Odor Trait Disgust Sensitivity Predicts Perception of Sweat Biosamples.

Body odors are potent triggers of disgust and regulate social behaviors in many species. The role of olfaction in disgust-associated behaviors has received scant attention in the research literature, in part because olfactory disgust assessments have required laboratory testing with odors. We have devised the "Body Odor Disgust Scale" (BODS) to facilitate research on olfactory disgust.

Developmental Study on Leg-to-Body Ratio Preferences.

Few studies have tested developmental differences in the perception of human body attractiveness and none have investigated development of Leg-to-Body Ratio (LBR) preferences. The aim of the current study was to determine whether preferences for LBR are largely innate and present among children in their early childhood, acquired in the course of socialization, and/or triggered by biological and hormonal changes. The study included 450 Polish men and women from Lower Silesia and Opole Province, Poland, whose ages ranged from 3 to 20 years.