The morphology of the lumbar vertebrae: a systematic review with meta-analysis of 1481 individuals with implications for spine surgery.

Introduction: The aim of the present meta-analysis was to provide the most up-to-date and evidence-based results regarding the morphometric properties of the lumbar vertebrae.

Methods: Medical databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library were searched through.

Results: The results of this meta-analysis were established based on a total of 1481 patients.

Changes in Selected Biochemical Markers of Honey Bees Exposed to Fermented Common Tansy Solution ( L.).

Honey bees use pollen and nectar from flowers to produce food. Because they often forage on crops, they are at risk of being exposed to plant protection products (PPPs), both directly and in stored food. Due to the adverse effects of synthetic PPPs on pollinators, biopesticides may be a viable alternative.

Rare Case of Non-Keratinizing Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the Lacrimal Sac Treated with Surgery.

: The objective of this study was to present a rare case of non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lacrimal sac (LS). Neoplasms of the lacrimal drainage system are extremely rare. These lesions are predominantly malignant and are associated with a high mortality rate.

Metabolism gene expression in worker honey bees after exposure to 50Hz electric field - semi-field analysis.

The investigation of the effects of artificial 50 Hz electric field (E-field) frequency on Apis mellifera is a relatively new field of research. Since the current literature focuses mainly on short-term effects, it is unknown whether E-fields have permanent effects on bees or whether their effects can be neutralized. In this study we assessed gene expression immediately after exposure to the E-field, as well as 7 days after exposure.

Guilty or not guilty? - False positive results of common medicines in drug tests: review and practical guide.

Drug-abuse detection tests are becoming increasingly commonplace in patient care today and provide a rapid and effective method for identifying illicit substances. Occasionally, they may yield a positive result, indicating the presence of a substance, even though the individual has not consumed the suspected drug what sometimes can significantly impact both medical and legal decisions. The study outlines the substances that can lead to false-positive drug test results for amphetamines, cannabinoids, and benzodiazepines.

Morphology of the Sella Turcica: A Meta-Analysis Based on the Results of 18,364 Patients.

Background: This meta-analysis aimed to present data on the sella turcica (ST) morphology and variations. Furthermore, a detailed morphometric analysis of the ST was conducted.

Methods: Major online databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched through.

The anatomy of the atrioventricular nodal artery: A meta-analysis with implications for cardiothoracic surgery and ablation procedures.

The objective of the present meta-analysis was to evaluate recent and applicable data regarding the location and variation of the atrioventricular nodal artery (AVNA) in relation to adjacent structures. In order to minimize postoperative risks and maintain physiological anastomosis for proper cardiac function, understanding such possible variations of vascularization of the AV node is of immense importance prior to cardiothoracic surgery as well as ablations. In order to perform this meta-analysis, a systematic search was conducted in which all articles regarding, or at least mentioning, the anatomy of the AVNA was searched.

Exposure to a 900 MHz electromagnetic field induces a response of the honey bee organism on the level of enzyme activity and the expression of stress-related genes.

There are many artificial sources of radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) in the environment, with a value between 100 MHz and 6 GHz. The most frequently used signal is with a frequency of around 900 MHz. The direction of these changes positively impacts the quality of life, enabling easy communication from almost anywhere in the world.

Selected Biochemical Markers Change after Oral Administration of Pesticide Mixtures in Honey Bees.

The honey bee is an important pollinator. In the environment, it can be exposed to many harmful factors, such as pesticides. Nowadays, attention is paid to evaluating the potentially harmful effects of these substances.

Exposure to Magnetic Fields Changes the Behavioral Pattern in Honeybees ( L.) under Laboratory Conditions.

Earth's magnetic field (MF) plays an important role for many species, including the honeybee, in navigation. Nowadays, much larger alternating fields are emitted by miscellaneous electric infrastructure components, such as transformers and power lines, and the environment is therefore polluted by an anthropogenic electromagnetic field, though little is known regarding its impact on living organisms. The behavior of animals is the first and easiest way to establish the impact of stress.

Effect of the electric field at 50 Hz and variable intensities on biochemical markers in the honey bee's hemolymph.

The amount of artificial electromagnetic fields of various parameters in the honey bee's environment increases globally. So far, it had been proven that exposure to an E-field at 50 Hz can cause changes in bee's behavior, alter the activity of proteases, and enzymatic antioxidants. Due to the potentially harmful effect of this factor on honey bees, we decided to investigate the activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and the concentration of albumin and creatinine in bee's hemolymph after exposure to 50 Hz E-field.

Honey Bee Proteolytic System and Behavior Parameters under the Influence of an Electric Field at 50 Hz and Variable Intensities for a Long Exposure Time.

The effect of an artificial electromagnetic field on organisms is a subject of extensive public debate and growing numbers of studies. Our study aimed to show the effect of an electromagnetic field at 50 Hz and variable intensities on honey bee proteolytic systems and behavior parameters after 12 h of exposure. Newly emerged worker bees were put into cages and exposed to a 50 Hz E-field with an intensity of 5.

Changes in Honeybee Behavior Parameters under the Influence of the E-Field at 50 Hz and Variable Intensity.

EM-fields come from both natural and anthropogenic sources. This study aimed to investigate changes in honeybee behavior parameters under the influence of an electric field at 50 Hz and variable intensity. Bees were exposed for 1 h, 3 h, or 6 h to the following artificial E-field intensities: 5.

Changes in the Honeybee Antioxidant System after 12 h of Exposure to Electromagnetic Field Frequency of 50 Hz and Variable Intensity.

In recent years, on a global scale, more and more reports of a phenomenon called CCD (Colony Collapse Disorder) have been reported. In addition to pesticides, diseases, and other environmental stressors, electromagnetic fields are also mentioned as one of the possible causes of CCD. One of the body's first lines of defense against harmful factors is the antioxidant system.