The association of thyroid autoimmunity with ovarian reserve in women with type 1 diabetes with and without polycystic ovary syndrome.

The aim of the study was to investigate the relation between thyroid autoimmunity (TAI), reflected as the presence of thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), and parameters of ovarian reserve in women with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We studied 83 euthyroid women with T1DM (age - 26 ± 5 years, BMI - 24 ± 3 kg/m) - 12 with PCOS and positive TPOAb (PCOS + TPOAb), 29 with PCOS with negative TPOAb (PCOS + noTPOAb), 18 without PCOS with positive TPOAb (noPCOS + TPOAb), 24 without PCOS with negative TPOAb (noPCOS + noTPOAb). Serum concentrations of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), sex hormones, TSH, thyroid hormones and TPOAb were assessed.

Cushing's disease presenting with recurrent abscesses followed by post-remission hyperthyroidism.

Summary: We report a case of a 59-year-old woman with Cushing's disease who developed hyperthyroidism following treatment of hypercortisolaemia. The patient with a history of recurrent hospitalisations caused by multi-sited soft tissue abscesses was admitted with sepsis. Both her medical history and physical examination suggested Cushing's syndrome.

Alteration in kynurenine pathway metabolites in young women with autoimmune thyroiditis.

The kynurenine pathway (KP) of tryptophan degradation includes several compounds that reveal immunomodulatory properties. The present study aimed to investigate the alteration in KP metabolites in young women with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) and their associations with thyroid function. The thyroid function tests, antithyroid antibodies measurement and ultrasonography of the thyroid gland have been performed in 57 young women with AIT and 38 age-matched healthy controls.

Serum expression levels of selected microRNAs and their association with glucose metabolism in young women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with metabolic disturbances, such as insulin resistance and prediabetes, and the risk for their occurrence is especially increased in hyperandrogenic (HA) phenotypes of PCOS. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) may be involved in PCOS pathogenesis and regulation of metabolic processes.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess expression levels of selected circulating miRNAs in women with PCOS and to investigate the relationship of these miRNAs with glucose metabolism.

Elevated Serum Concentration of Adipocyte Fatty Acid-Binding Protein Correlates with the Markers of Abdominal Obesity Independently of Thyroid Hormones in Non-Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) is mainly expressed in adipocytes. The risk of abdominal obesity and autoimmune thyroid disease is increased in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The objective of this study was to explore the relationship of serum concentration of A-FABP with parameters of obesity, e.

Unraveling the Interplay between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Adolescents: Pathogenesis, Prevalence, and Management Strategies.

BACKGROUND With the expanding understanding of conditions contributing to heightened cardiovascular risk, emerging pathologies like nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are being recognized as hepatic and ovarian manifestations of metabolic syndrome, respectively. This study aims to elucidate the recent advancements in our comprehension of the link between these conditions in the pediatric demographic, focusing on pathogenesis, incidence, diagnostic methods, and effective therapeutic strategies. MATERIAL AND METHODS A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, with a search of the PubMed database for eligible studies published in the ten years leading up to January 2023.

Body Composition and Serum Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels in Euthyroid Caucasian Women With Hashimoto Thyroiditis.

Objective: Women with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) are characterized by increased incidence of infertility and disturbances in body composition. Serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), which reflects functional ovarian reserve, is decreased in women with HT and it be related to body mass. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relation between serum levels of AMH and body composition in HT compared to control group.

The Influence of Prepubertal Onset of Type 1 Diabetes and Age of Menarche on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Diagnosis.

Context: Higher prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is linked to exogenous insulin, especially when diabetes is diagnosed before puberty.

Objective: The study evaluates the impact of prepubertal onset of T1DM and insulin therapy on PCOS diagnosis and phenotypic characteristics in women with T1DM.

Design, Setting, And Patients: We studied 83 women with T1DM (age 26 ± 5 years, BMI 24 ± 3 kg/m2) 36 with premenarchal (PM) onset of T1DM [17 with PCOS diagnosed (PCOS+PM) and 19 without PCOS (noPCOS+PM)] and 47 women with postmenarchal onset of T1DM [24 with PCOS (PCOS-noPM) and 23 without PCOS (noPCOS-noPM)].

Metabolic syndrome and the risk of cardiovascular complications in young patients with different phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Purpose: Insulin resistance is an important factor in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which is associated with higher risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular complications. Early atherosclerotic lesions may be diagnosed by ultrasonographic parameters: brachial artery flow-mediated dilation after reactive hyperaemia (FMD) and intima-media thickness of common carotid artery (IMT). The aim of the study was to assess the relation of IMT and FMD with clinical and laboratory parameters reflecting metabolic status in young women with different PCOS phenotypes.

The Association of Serum Levels of Leptin and Ghrelin with the Dietary Fat Content in Non-Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at an increased risk of developing insulin resistance and abdominal obesity in the state of an improper diet balance. Leptin is a peptide considered to be a satiety hormone that plays an important role in the long-term energy balance, whereas ghrelin is a hormone that controls short-term appetite regulation and is considered a hunger hormone. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between serum leptin and ghrelin concentrations and the dietary macronutrient content in PCOS women.

Ovarian Reserve and Serum Concentration of Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies in Euthyroid Women With Different Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Phenotypes.

It has been shown that women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), as well as Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), are characterized by increased incidence of infertility. Serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), which reflects ovarian reserve, is elevated in PCOS women and is decreased in women with HT. The Rotterdam criteria recognize four clinical PCOS phenotypes, i.

Type B insulin resistance syndrome associated with connective tissue disease and psoriasis.

Summary: Type B insulin resistance syndrome (TBIR) is characterised by the rapid onset of severe insulin resistance due to circulating anti-insulin receptor antibodies (AIRAs). Widespread acanthosis nigricans is normally seen, and co-occurrence with other autoimmune diseases is common. We report a 27-year-old Caucasian man with psoriasis and connective tissue disease who presented with unexplained rapid weight loss, severe acanthosis nigricans, and hyperglycaemia punctuated by fasting hypoglycaemia.

Body Composition, Serum Concentrations of Androgens and Insulin Resistance in Different Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Phenotypes.

Insulin resistance and hyperandrogenemia observed in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are associated with metabolic disturbances and could be connected with body composition pattern. To date, several studies defining the parameters of body composition using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) method in the group of PCOS patients have been published, however, without the analysis in different phenotypes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between serum androgens concentration, insulin resistance and distribution of fat mass using DXA method in various PCOS phenotypes according to the Rotterdam criteria.

The Association Between Serum Ferritin Concentration and Visceral Adiposity Estimated by Whole-Body DXA Scan in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are characterized by insulin resistance and higher prevalence of obesity. Serum ferritin is increased in obesity and is associated with insulin resistance. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationships between serum ferritin concentration with insulin resistance and body composition estimated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in PCOS women in comparison to the control group.

Increased serum fetuin-B concentration is associated with HOMA-β and indices of liver steatosis in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a pilot study.

Objective: PCOS women are characterized by insulin resistance and have higher tendency to the development of hepatic steatosis. Fetuin-B has been introduced as a hepatokine/adipokine, which is increased in hepatic steatosis and may be connected with glucose metabolism disturbances. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationships between serum fetuin-B concentration and indices of insulin resistance, insulin secretion and markers of liver steatosis in PCOS women in comparison to the control group.

Decreased deiodinase activity after glucose load could lead to atherosclerosis in euthyroid women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: Glucose and lipid disturbances, as well as higher tendency to atherosclerosis, are observed in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Thyroid hormones action has long been recognized as an important determinant of glucose and lipid homeostasis. Some studies suggest that even in euthyroid subjects, thyroid function may affect atherosclerosis risk factors.

Association between polycystic ovary syndrome and the risk of subclinical vascular disease in normal‑weight women with type 1 diabetes.

INTRODUCTION    The prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) among women with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is higher than in the general population. Both diseases are associated with higher risk of premature atherosclerosis. OBJECTIVES    The aim of our study was to evaluate whether the cardiovascular risks conferred by T1DM and PCOS are additive.

Serum Concentrations of Betatrophin and Its Association with Indirect Indices of Insulin Resistance and Beta Cell Function in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Introduction: Data underline the role of betatrophin in glucose homeostasis. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by insulin resistance (IR). The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship of serum betatrophin concentrations with indirect indices of IR and insulin secretion in women with PCOS, compared to the control group.

Anti-Müllerian hormone and polycystic ovary syndrome.

Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a glycoprotein, a member of the transforming growth factor β family, reflecting the number of ovarian antral follicles. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy predisposing to infertility, and metabolic and cardiovascular complications. In our review, we discuss the role of AMH in PCOS pathophysiology and its clinical applications according to the published studies.

Serum irisin and its regulation by hyperinsulinemia in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Irisin is an adipokine/myokine which could be connected with insulin sensitivity. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by oligo- or anovulation, polycystic ovary, hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between serum irisin concentration and insulin sensitivity (M) as well as the effect of insulin infusion on circulating irisin levels in PCOS women as compared with healthy controls.

Serum anti-Müllerian hormone concentration in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Purpose: A single prior study conducted in Chilean women has shown that women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have a normal serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) concentrations despite polycystic ovarian morphology. As it is not clear why women with PCOS+T1DM would not have an elevated concentrations of AMH, we hypothesize that women with T1DM and PCOS have a similar hormonal profile and serum AMH levels as is observed in classic PCOS.

Methods: We studied 89 women: 37 with T1DM (16 with PCOS+T1DM, 21 with T1DM/no-PCOS), 36 with PCOS (PCOS) and 16 healthy women (control group) matched for age and body mass index (BMI).

[Polycystic ovary syndrome in type 1 diabetes].

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 4-7% women in reproductive age. Insulin resistance and hiperinsulinemia are considered as main pathogenic factors. According to the published studies, PCOS is also prevalent in type 1 diabetes mellitus.