Pharmacological characteristics of zolpidem-induced catalepsy in the rat.

Zolpidem is a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic drug acting preferentially at α1-containing GABAA receptors expressed in various parts of the brain, including the basal ganglia. The aim of the present study was to provide preliminary characteristics of zolpidem-induced catalepsy in Wistar rats. Zolpidem (2.

Post-session injections of a protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide do not alter saccharin self-administration.

A large body of evidence indicates that reactivation of aversive memories leads to protein synthesis-dependent memory reconsolidation which can be disrupted by cycloheximide (CHX) and other protein synthesis inhibitors. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether CHX would alter maintenance of well-trained instrumental responding for 0.1% saccharin.

Depressive symptoms and olfactory function in older adults.

Aims: Neuroimaging studies suggest a significant overlap between brain regions involved in the regulation of olfaction and mood. The aim of the present study was to search for correlations between depressive symptomatology measured by the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and olfactory function assessed with Sniffin' Sticks in non-demented older adults (aged 53-79 years).

Methods: Taste detection thresholds were also measured by means of electrogustometry on the anterior tongue.

A protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide does not alter cue-induced reinstatement of saccharin seeking.

A large body of evidence indicates that reactivation of aversive memories leads to protein synthesis-dependent memory reconsolidation which can be disrupted by cycloheximide and other protein synthesis inhibitors. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether cycloheximide would alter reconsolidation of the associations involving discrete cues paired with a sweet reward in an appetitive instrumental task. Rats trained to lever press for 0.

alpha-Synuclein expression in the brain and blood during abstinence from chronic alcohol drinking in mice.

alpha-Synuclein is a presynaptic protein proposed to serve as a negative regulator of dopaminergic neurotransmission. Recent research has implicated alpha-synuclein in chronic neuroadaptations produced by psychostimulant and opiate use, as well as in genetically determined susceptibility to alcoholism in humans. The aim of our study was to characterize the changes in alpha-synuclein expression after short-term abstinence from chronic alcohol drinking in mice.

Alcohol relapse induced by discrete cues activates components of AP-1 transcription factor and ERK pathway in the rat basolateral and central amygdala.

Alcohol-related cues may induce relapse to heavy alcohol drinking and promote molecular adaptations in discrete brain regions. An exact nature of these molecular alterations is still unknown. In the present study, rats trained to self-administer ethanol were tested for cue-induced reinstatement of ethanol seeking after 30 days of abstinence.

Cue-induced reinstatement of ethanol seeking in Sardinian alcohol-preferring rats.

The purpose of the present study was to characterize cue-induced reinstatement of ethanol seeking in selectively bred Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats trained to lever press for ethanol in 30-min self-administration sessions. Four responses on an "active" lever led to presentation of 0.1 ml of 15% (vol/vol) ethanol by a liquid dipper and concurrent activation of a set of discrete light and auditory cues.

Ethanol blocks nicotine-induced seizures in mice: comparison with midazolam and baclofen.

Low doses of ethanol may antagonize the pharmacological effects of nicotine. Recently, it has been shown that the effects of ethanol on nicotine discrimination are not correlated with blood ethanol levels. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether ethanol (0.

[Olfactory neuroblastoma (esthesioneuroblastoma): etiopatogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment].

Introduction: Esthesioneuroblastoma is a malignant tumour arising from the olfactory epithelium located in the upper part of the nasal cavities. Recent clinical and preclinical studies shed more light on etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of this rare malignancy.

Material And Methods: A systematic review of PubMed/Medline and available Polish literature.

Perceived intensity and pleasantness of sucrose taste in male alcoholics.

Aims: The aim of the present study was to evaluate a possible relationship between taste responses to sweet solutions and alcoholic status.

Methods: The rated intensity and pleasantness of sucrose taste was compared in male alcoholics (n = 45) and non-alcoholic controls (n = 33).

Results: The rated intensity, but not pleasantness, of water taste (0% sucrose) was higher in the alcoholics.

Effects of ethanol on nicotine-induced conditioned place preference in C57BL/6J mice.

It has been shown that small doses of ethanol ( View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Nicotine-induced conditioned taste aversion in the rat: effects of ethanol.

It has been shown that small doses of ethanol antagonise the discriminative stimulus properties of nicotine in the rat. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether ethanol could antagonise the aversive stimulus effects of nicotine. Wistar rats were trained to associate nicotine injections with a novel tasting fluid (0.

Extended blockade of the discriminative stimulus effects of nicotine with low doses of ethanol.

The aim of the present study was to further evaluate effects of ethanol on nicotine discrimination and to correlate these effects with blood ethanol levels. Rats were trained to discriminate 0.3 mg/kg nicotine from its vehicle in the standard two-lever operant procedure.

Taste responses to monosodium glutamate after alcohol exposure.

Aims: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of acute and chronic exposure to alcohol on taste responses to a prototypic umami substance, monosodium glutamate (MSG).

Methods: The rated intensity and pleasantness of MSG taste (0.03-10.

Depressive symptoms and taste reactivity in humans.

Animal studies suggest that induction of depression-like states may alter preference for sweet tastants. A major goal of the present study was to search for correlations between depressive symptoms measured by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and taste responses to sweet and bitter substances. Thirty-three nonclinical volunteers rated intensity and pleasantness of chocolate and vanilla milk as well as of sucrose- and quinine-soaked filter paper disks.

Time-dependent changes in alcohol-seeking behaviour during abstinence.

Exposure of alcohol addicts to alcohol-related environmental cues may elicit alcohol-seeking behaviour even after protracted abstinence. The purpose of the present study was to assess time-dependent changes in alcohol-seeking behaviour in rats trained to respond for alcohol. The rats were re-exposed to alcohol-associated stimuli after 1, 28 or 56 days of withdrawal.

Dissociation of ethanol and saccharin preference in fosB knockout mice.

The Fos family of transcription factors may play a key role in various forms of brain plasticity. Among different genes coding Fos proteins is the fosB gene. Protein products of the fosB gene are thought to be critically involved in neural adaptations produced by chronic treatment with drugs of abuse.

Chorda tympani nerve transection does not alter operant oral self-administration of ethanol in the rat.

In experimental conditions, it has been suggested that taste factors may contribute to ethanol preference in rodents. The aim of the current study was to assess the effects of transection of a gustatory branch of the seventh cranial nerve, the chorda tympani (CT), on operant self-administration of ethanol in rats. Male Wistar rats were trained to lever press for 8% [volume/volume (vol.