Changes in blood antioxidant status in American football players and soccer players over a training macrocycle.

Background: The effectiveness of sport training programs should be assessed regularly against biochemical indices. This study assesses changes in the antioxidant status indices in American football players (AF) and soccer players (SP) over a training macrocycle.

Methods: The study was carried out with Poland's American Football League players (AF, n = 11, age 24.

Transcatheter closure of paravalvular leaks using a paravalvular leak device - a prospective Polish registry.

Introduction: Transcatheter paravalvular leak closure (TPVLC) has become an established treatment option but is mostly performed with off-label use of different non-dedicated occluders. The first one specifically designed for TPVLC is the paravalvular leak device (PLD - Occlutech).

Aim: We present initial short-term results of a prospective registry intended to assess the safety and efficacy of TPVLC with PLD.