Correlation between human milk composition and maternal nutritional status.

Background: Human milk is the optimal nutrition for newborns and infants during the first period of their life – from birth to 6-th month. It contains a uniquely quantitative and qualitative balanced nutrients profile. Composition of breast milk is dynamic and may vary according to maternal nutritional status.

Nutritional value of daily food rations of overweight and normal weight pregnant women.

Background: Adequate nutrition and nutritional status during pregnancy are essential for mother’s health and foetus development. Due to increased demands, pregnant women are vulnerable to inadequate nutritional status and paradoxically it may also affect overweight women

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate energy and nutrients intake in the group of pregnant women in relation to nutritional standards and pre-pregnancy BMI

Material And Methods: The study included 90 women, during the third trimester of pregnancy, recruited from Warsaw antenatal classes. The anthropometric data gathered in the research were used to calculate BMI value before pregnancy.

Dietary patterns in toddlers with excess weight. The 2016 pitnuts study.

Introduction: Children's appropriate dietary pattern determines their optimal development, reduces the risk of childhood diseases and the risk of diet-dependent diseases, including obesity in adulthood.

Aim: To analyze the dietary patterns of children with excess weight aged 1-3 years in comparison with the main components of the safe nutrition model including: the organization of meals (frequency of meals), selection of products (food intake), energy and nutritional value of children's diets.

Material And Methods: The study was carried out in 2016 on a representative nationwide sample of children aged 5-36 months (n=1059).

Strategies for early metabolic disturbances in patients with an end jejunostomy or end ileostomy. Experience from a specialized Home Parenteral Nutrition (HPN) center.

Introduction: An end stoma syndrome is usually the result of an intentional surgical intervention in the course of staged treatment or a complication of surgery. These patients most frequently suffer from water and electrolyte disturbances, malnutrition syndromes caused by malabsorption of trace elements and/or vitamins, and undernutrition.

Aim: To present early metabolic disturbances observed in patients with an end jejunostomy or end ileostomy syndrome on the first day of their hospitalization in a specialist Home Parenteral Nutrition (HPN) center.

Nutrition of infants and young children in Poland - Pitnuts 2016.

The study evaluating the feeding practices and the nutritional status of children aged 5 to 36 months in a general, Polish, representative population (n=1059) was carried out from May to July 2016. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feeding practices in children aged 5 to 36 months with regard to models of safe nutrition on the basis of the outcome of the population study performed in 2016. The data obtained show that the feeding practices in children in their first year of life do not meet the guidelines presented in the model of safe nutrition, particularly in matters of timing of complementary feeding introduction and food choice.

A comparison of two methods of treatment for central catheter tunnel phlegmon in home parenteral nutrition patients.

Introduction: The ESPEN guidelines on long-term (> 3 months) parenteral nutrition recommend the use of tunnelled central venous catheters (CVCs) to minimise the risk of insertion site infection. A developed symptomatic infection of the soft tissue tunnel surrounding a CVC may rapidly become directly life threatening if the infection progresses along the catheter tunnel towards its end inserted into the venous system. This requires immediate management to eliminate infection and limit its effects.

Dietary intake of vitamin D in obese children aged 1-3 years.

Background: Obese children are predisposed to vitamin D deficiency. Most of the findings suggest that requirement for vitamin D is increased in obese children due to this vitamin sequestration in adipose tissue.

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate dietary intake of vitamin D in children with simple obesity in relation to nutritional standards.

Predicted versus measured resting energy expenditure in patients requiring home parenteral nutrition.

Objectives: Guidelines from the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) recommend between 20 and 35 kcal/kg daily for patients requiring home parenteral nutrition (PN). Other guidelines use predictive equations. However, these equations have not been validated.

Liver disease in patients qualified for home parenteral nutrition - a consequence of a failure to adjust RTU bags in the primary centre?

Unlabelled: If planned improperly, parenteral nutrition may result in a number of severe metabolic complications caused by insufficient or excessive delivery of individual nutrients. One of the most common and the most dangerous complication is parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease (PNALD). Such a complication may also result from using RTU (ready-to-use) bags that are not adjusted adequately to individual patients.

Gastrojejunostomy inserted through PEG (PEG-J) in prevention of aspiration pneumonia. Clinical nutrition complication in dysphagic patients.

Unlabelled: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is the most commonly used method of access to the gastrointestinal tract in long‑term home enteral nutrition (HEN) in patients with neurogenic deglutition and stenosis of the upper gastrointestinal tract caused by tumour. One of the most common complications of HEN is pneumonia resulting from aspiration of saliva or food. The risk of aspiration and the potential consequent sudden death is further increased by concomitant delayed gastric emptying and gastroesophageal reflux disease.