Evidence implementation in Australian manual therapy practice: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Few studies have explored the determinants of evidence implementation in complementary manual therapy professions. Exploring the factors that impede or enable evidence implementation in complementary manual therapy professions is critical to determining the most appropriate strategies to optimise this practice, and enhance the quality of care.

Methods: The study used a cross-sectional study design to examine Australian complementary medicine manual therapists' attitudes, skills, training, use, barriers and enablers to evidence implementation.

Efficacy and safety of (tea tree) oil for human health-A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

Leaves of the Australian tea tree plant were used traditionally by First Nations Australians for treating wounds, burns, and insect bites. Tea tree oil, the essential oil steam-distilled from , is well-known for its medicinal properties, the evidence for most applications however is limited. This review aimed to critically appraise evidence from clinical trials examining the therapeutic efficacy and safety of tea tree oil on outcomes.

Mapping guideline-informed care for chronic non-specific low back pain with the biopsychosocial approach: A rapid review.

Background: Current evidence favors a multidisciplinary biopsychosocial approach to the management of chronic non-specific low back pain (CLBP). However, it is unclear whether such an approach is facilitated by current clinical guidelines. This rapid review set out to examine the extent to which clinical guideline recommendations for managing CLBP address domains of the biopsychosocial approach.

Body Odours as Lures for Stoats : Captive and Field Trials.

Eradication and control methods to limit damage caused to native biota in New Zealand by the stoat () rely on effective lures for trapping and detection devices, such as cameras. Long-life semiochemical lures have the potential for targeting stoats in situations where food-based lures are of limited success. The attractiveness of body odours of captive stoats was tested in a series of captive animal and extensive field trials to investigate their potential as trapping and monitoring lures.

Biallelic mutations in complex neuropathy affect ADP ribosylation and DNA damage response.

ADP ribosylation is a reversible posttranslational modification mediated by poly(ADP-ribose)transferases (e.g., PARP1) and (ADP-ribosyl)hydrolases (e.

Serine-linked PARP1 auto-modification controls PARP inhibitor response.

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) and PARP2 are recruited and activated by DNA damage, resulting in ADP-ribosylation at numerous sites, both within PARP1 itself and in other proteins. Several PARP1 and PARP2 inhibitors are currently employed in the clinic or undergoing trials for treatment of various cancers. These drugs act primarily by trapping PARP1 on damaged chromatin, which can lead to cell death, especially in cells with DNA repair defects.

Behavioural Characterisation of and Knockout Mice.

Adenosine diphosphate ribosylation (ADP-ribosylation; ADPr), the addition of ADP-ribose moieties onto proteins and nucleic acids, is a highly conserved modification involved in a wide range of cellular functions, from viral defence, DNA damage response (DDR), metabolism, carcinogenesis and neurobiology. Here we study MACROD1 and MACROD2 (mono-ADP-ribosylhydrolases 1 and 2), two of the least well-understood ADPr-mono-hydrolases. MACROD1 has been reported to be largely localized to the mitochondria, while the genomic locus has been associated with various neurological conditions such as autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and schizophrenia; yet the potential significance of disrupting these proteins in the context of mammalian behaviour is unknown.

Effects of essential oils on symptoms and course (duration and severity) of viral respiratory infections in humans: A rapid review.

Oral doses of certain essential oils may reduce symptoms of acute respiratory infections of viral origin. It is likely that the commercially available essential oil capsules Myrtol® (a mixture of essential oils of eucalyptus , sweet orange , myrtle and lemon ) and Tavipec® (spike lavender ) could also provide mild to moderate symptom relief in patients with viral respiratory diseases. Myrtol® may also improve the course (duration and severity) of acute bronchitis of viral origin, in humans.

The effectiveness of integrative healthcare for chronic disease: A systematic review.

Background: The past few decades have witnessed a surge in consumer, clinician and academic interest in the field of integrative healthcare (IHC). Yet, there is still uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of IHC for complex, long-term health conditions.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of IHC for the management of any chronic health condition.

A Wars2 Mutant Mouse Model Displays OXPHOS Deficiencies and Activation of Tissue-Specific Stress Response Pathways.

Mutations in genes essential for mitochondrial function have pleiotropic effects. The mechanisms underlying these traits yield insights into metabolic homeostasis and potential therapies. Here we report the characterization of a mouse model harboring a mutation in the tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase 2 (Wars2) gene, encoding the mitochondrial-localized WARS2 protein.

Validating the RedMIT/GFP-LC3 Mouse Model by Studying Mitophagy in Autosomal Dominant Optic Atrophy Due to the OPA1Q285STOP Mutation.

Autosomal dominant optic atrophy (ADOA) is usually caused by mutations in the essential gene, OPA1. This encodes a ubiquitous protein involved in mitochondrial dynamics, hence tissue specificity is not understood. Dysregulated mitophagy (mitochondria recycling) is implicated in ADOA, being increased in OPA1 patient fibroblasts.

Health consumer and health provider preferences for an integrative healthcare service delivery model: A national cross-sectional study.

Background: Although global interest in integrative healthcare (IHC) has escalated over the past few decades, stakeholder perspectives and preferences in relation to IHC remain poorly understood. Our study aimed to address this knowledge gap by exploring Australian health consumer (HC) and healthcare provider (HCP) understanding, attitudes and preferences for an IHC service delivery model, and to translate these views into an operational framework for IHC.

Method: The research used a cross-sectional study design.

A genetic modifier suggests that endurance exercise exacerbates Huntington's disease.

Polyglutamine expansions in the huntingtin gene cause Huntington's disease (HD). Huntingtin is ubiquitously expressed, leading to pathological alterations also in peripheral organs. Variations in the length of the polyglutamine tract explain up to 70% of the age-at-onset variance, with the rest of the variance attributed to genetic and environmental modifiers.

MacroD1 Is a Promiscuous ADP-Ribosyl Hydrolase Localized to Mitochondria.

MacroD1 is a macrodomain containing protein that has mono-ADP-ribose hydrolase enzymatic activity toward several ADP-ribose adducts. Dysregulation of MacroD1 expression has been shown to be associated with the pathogenesis of several forms of cancer. To date, the physiological functions and sub-cellular localization of MacroD1 are unclear.

Integrative health care - Toward a common understanding: A mixed method study.

Objective: To generate a multidisciplinary stakeholder-informed definition of integrative health care (IHC).

Methods: A mixed-method study design was used, employing the use of focus groups/semi-structured interviews (phase-1) and document analysis (phases 2 and 3). Phase-1 recruited a purposive sample of Australian health consumers/health providers.

Use of FGF-21 as a Biomarker of Mitochondrial Disease in Clinical Practice.

Recent work has suggested that fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) is a useful biomarker of mitochondrial disease (MD). We routinely measured FGF-21 levels on patients who were investigated at our centre for MD and evaluated its diagnostic performance based on detailed genetic and other laboratory findings. Patients' FGF-21 results were assessed by the use of age-adjusted -scores based on normalised FGF-21 values from a healthy population.

An extraordinary life.

Before she sat down to write her autobiography, Elizabeth Anionwu interviewed 30 friends and relatives. There were details she couldn't remember, gaps she needed to fill. But she also did it because she was determined that this would not be an 'I, I, I' memoir; she wanted other people's perspectives.

A Comprehensive Critique and Review of Published Measures of Acne Severity.

Objective: Acne vulgaris is a dynamic, complex condition that is notoriously difficult to evaluate. The authors set out to critically evaluate currently available measures of acne severity, particularly in terms of suitability for use in clinical trials.

Design: A systematic review was conducted to identify methods used to measure acne severity, using MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, and Wiley Online.

Novel gene function revealed by mouse mutagenesis screens for models of age-related disease.

Determining the genetic bases of age-related disease remains a major challenge requiring a spectrum of approaches from human and clinical genetics to the utilization of model organism studies. Here we report a large-scale genetic screen in mice employing a phenotype-driven discovery platform to identify mutations resulting in age-related disease, both late-onset and progressive. We have utilized N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea mutagenesis to generate pedigrees of mutagenized mice that were subject to recurrent screens for mutant phenotypes as the mice aged.

Recruiting Dementia Caregivers Into Clinical Trials: Lessons Learnt From the Australian TRANSCENDENT Trial.

The burden on those caring for a person with dementia is substantial. Although quality research assists in addressing the needs of these caregivers, recruiting caregivers into clinical studies is often problematic. This investigation explores the difficulties and successes in recruiting dementia caregivers into community-based clinical research by reporting the findings of a mixed-method substudy of a multicenter randomized controlled trial involving 40 community-dwelling dementia caregivers living in Adelaide, South Australia.