Regulatory T-cell dysfunctions are associated with increase in tumor necrosis factor α in autoimmune hemolytic anemia and participate in Th17 polarization.

Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (wAIHA) is a rare acquired autoimmune disease mediated by antibodies targeting red blood cells. The involvement of CD4 T-helper cells has been scarcely explored, with most findings extrapolated from animal models. Here, we performed quantification of both effector T lymphocytes (Teff) and regulatory T cells (Treg), associated with functional and transcriptomic analyses of Treg in human wAIHA.

Effectiveness of a Therapeutic Educational Oral Health Program for Persons with Schizophrenia: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial and Qualitative Approach.

Background: The oral health of people with schizophrenia (PWS) is very poor, suggesting a need for oral health promotion programmes with a high level of evidence. The aim of the EBENE study (Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02512367) was to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary therapeutic educational programme in oral health (TEPOH) for PWS.

Surgery, Tissue Plasminogen Activator, Antiangiogenic Agents, and Age-Related Macular Degeneration Study: A Randomized Controlled Trial for Submacular Hemorrhage Secondary to Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy and the safety of submacular hemorrhage (SMH) management using either surgical pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) or pneumatic displacement (PD) with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor added to each arm.

Design: Randomized, open-label, multicenter superiority study.

Participants: Ninety patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) 50 years of age or older with recent SMH (≤ 14 days) of more than 2 optic disc areas and predominantly overlying the retinal pigment epithelium.

PET/CT of cranial arteries for a sensitive diagnosis of giant cell arteritis.

Objectives: To investigate the performance of cranial PET/CT for the diagnosis of GCA.

Methods: All patients with a suspected diagnosis of GCA were prospectively enrolled in this study and had a digital PET/CT with evaluation of cranial arteries if they had not started glucocorticoids >72 h previously. The diagnosis of GCA was retained after at least 6 months of follow-up if no other diagnosis was considered by the clinician and the patient went into remission after at least 6 consecutive months of treatment.

Impact of first COVID-19 lockdown on paediatric and adult haemophilia patients treated in a French Haemophilia Comprehensive Care Centre.

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has created an unprecedented global health crisis.

Aim: To investigate the impact of the 1 COVID-19 lockdown on haemophilia patients in terms of symptoms, management, medication adherence, mental health and lifestyle behaviours.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional phone survey using a two-part questionnaire was conducted in haemophilia patients (adults and children) followed-up in a French Haemophilia Comprehensive Care Centre between May 5, 2020 and June 2, 2020 (CLEO CD study: NCT04390126).

Septic patients without obvious signs of infection at baseline are more likely to die in the ICU.

Objective: Early identification of sepsis is mandatory. However, clinical presentation is sometimes misleading given the lack of infection signs. The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact on the 28-day mortality of the so-called "vague" presentation of sepsis.

Efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for reducing consumption in patients with alcohol use disorders (ALCOSTIM): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The number of people with an alcohol use disorder (AUD) was recently estimated to be 63.5 million worldwide. The global burden of disease and injury attributable to alcohol is considerable: about 3 million deaths, namely one in 20, were caused by alcohol in 2015.

Levosimendan in venoarterial ECMO weaning. Rational and design of a randomized double blind multicentre trial.

Aims: Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is increasingly being used in circulatory failure. The main indications are cardiogenic shock, post-cardiotomy cardiac failure, and refractory cardiac arrest. However, VA-ECMO weaning is particularly challenging, and weaning failure is reported to be as high as 50%, with increased related mortality.

Mucosal-associated invariant T cells in Giant Cell Arteritis.

This study aimed to assess the implication of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in GCA. Blood samples were obtained from 34 GCA patients (before and after 3 months of treatment with glucocorticoids (GC) alone) and compared with 20 controls aged >50 years. MAIT cells, defined by a CD3CD4TCRγδTCRVα7.

Impact of lockdown on patients with congestive heart failure during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Aims: Cardiovascular co-morbidities like congestive heart failure (CHF) alter the course of coronavirus disease 2019. Factors associated with the outbreak and lockdown can exacerbate CHF.

Methods And Results: We analysed the answers of 124 randomly selected CHF outpatients (mean age 71.

Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on lifestyle adherence in stay-at-home patients with chronic coronary syndromes: Towards a time bomb.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related lockdown on adherence to lifestyle and drug regimens in stay-at-home chronic coronary syndromes patients living in urban and rural areas.

Methods: A cross-sectional population-based study was perfomed in patients with chronic coronary syndromes. A sample of 205 patients was randomly drawn from the RICO (Observatoire des infarctus de Côte d'Or) cohort.

[A caregiver-person with schizophrenia partnership to improve oral health education].

Introduction: Poor oral health in persons with schizophrenia is a major public health issue affecting 600,000 people in France. The aim of this article was to present the different stages in the development of a specific oral health educational program for persons with schizophrenia. It takes into account experimental knowledge of these persons and presents the results of the feasibility study.

Corporeal Compression at the Onset of Septic shock (COCOONs): a compression method to reduce fluid balance of septic shock patients.

Fluid overload in septic intensive care unit (ICU) patients is common and strongly associated with poor outcome. There is currently no treatment for capillary leak, which is mainly responsible for high positive fluid balance (FB) in sepsis. We hypothesized that increasing interstitial pressure with extensive corporeal compression would reduce FB.

Trisodium citrate 4% versus heparin as a catheter lock for non-tunneled hemodialysis catheters in critically ill patients: a multicenter, randomized clinical trial.

Background: Non-tunneled hemodialysis catheters are currently used for critically ill patients with acute kidney injury requiring extracorporeal renal replacement therapy. Strategies to prevent catheter dysfunction and infection with catheter locks remain controversial.

Methods: In a multicenter, randomized, controlled, double-blind trial, we compared two strategies for catheter locking of non-tunneled hemodialysis catheters, namely trisodium citrate at 4% (intervention group) versus unfractionated heparin (control group), in patients aged 18 years or older admitted to the intensive care unit and in whom a first non-tunneled hemodialysis catheter was to be inserted by the jugular or femoral vein.

Cerebral Infarct Topography and Early Outcome after Surgery for Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis: A Multicentre Study.

Introduction: Although carotid stenosis can cause both territorial and border-zone (BZ) cerebral infarcts (CI), the influence of CI topography on postoperative complications after surgery remains unclear. We compared early outcomes after endarterectomy on the basis of CI location: territorial (T group) or BZ group.

Material And Methods: During the period between 2009 and 2013, ischaemic stroke patients who had undergone surgery for symptomatic carotid stenosis were identified from prospective databases from 3 French centres.

Screening for Retinopathy of Prematurity: Insight into Optimizing Screening.

Purpose: To determine the factors influencing the time from preterm birth and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) detection to optimize the timing of the initial screening.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective study enrolled preterm infants born before 32 weeks of gestational age (GA) and/or weighing less than 1,500 g between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2015. ROP screening was performed using fundus photography with a wide-field camera.

Study protocol: a cluster randomized controlled trial to assess the effectiveness of a therapeutic educational program in oral health for persons with schizophrenia.

Background: Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder that affects 1 % of the world's population, including 600,000 people in France. Persons with schizophrenia (PWS) have excess mortality (their life expectancy is reduced by 20 %) and excess morbidity. In addition, such persons may have a large number of missing or decayed teeth.

Efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in reducing consumption in patients with alcohol use disorders: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Approximately 15 million persons in the European Union and 10 million persons in the USA are alcohol-dependent. The global burden of disease and injury attributable to alcohol is considerable: worldwide, approximately one in 25 deaths in 2004 was caused by alcohol. At the same time, alcohol use disorders remain seriously undertreated.

Comparison of heparin to citrate as a catheter locking solution for non-tunneled central venous hemodialysis catheters in patients requiring renal replacement therapy for acute renal failure (VERROU-REA study): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) is estimated at 10 to 20% in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU) and often requires renal replacement therapy (RRT). ICU mortality in AKI patients can exceed 50%. Venous catheters are the preferred vascular access method for AKI patients requiring RRT, but carry a risk of catheter thrombosis or infection.

Preferential splenic CD8(+) T-cell activation in rituximab-nonresponder patients with immune thrombocytopenia.

The pathogenic role of B cells in immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) has justified the therapeutic use of anti-CD20 antibodies such as rituximab (RTX). However, 60% of ITP patients do not respond to RTX. To decipher the mechanisms implicated in the failure of RTX, and because the spleen plays a well-recognized role in ITP pathogenesis, 12 spleens from ITP patients who had been nonresponders to RTX therapy were compared with 11 spleens from RTX-untreated ITP patients and 9 controls.