Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in men and lactating women in Slovenia: Results of the first national human biomonitoring.

In the first national human biomonitoring study in the Slovenian population of adults (18-49 years), including men (n = 297) and lactating primiparous women (n = 304), exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was evaluated. Nine urinary metabolites of four parent PAHs were determined. These included 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHPYR), 2-hydroxynaphthalene (2-OHNAP), 2-hydroxyphenanthrene (2-OHPHE), 3-hydroxyphenanthrene (3-OHPHE), 4-hydroxyphenanthrene (4-OHPHE), a combination of 2-hydroxyfluorene and 3-hydroxyfluorene (2/3-OHFLU) and a combination of 1-hydroxyphenanthrene and 9-hydroxyphenanthrene (1/9-OHPHE).