The study investigates how valproic acid (VPA) affects human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) replication in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, revealing that VPA concentrations less than or equal to 1 mM can increase HCMV antigen expression and replication significantly.
Results show that VPA enhances HCMV replication through the inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) and also activates Erk 1/2 phosphorylation without depending on it.
The findings suggest that patients at risk for HCMV retinitis receiving VPA or other HDAC inhibitors need close monitoring due to the potential risk of increased virus replication.