Daily Versus Weekly Prostate Cancer Image Guided Radiation Therapy: Phase 3 Multicenter Randomized Trial.

Purpose: The optimal frequency of prostate cancer image guided radiation therapy (IGRT) has not yet been clearly identified. This study sought to compare the safety and efficacy of daily versus weekly IGRT.

Materials And Methods: This phase 3 randomized trial recruited patients with N0 localized prostate cancer.

High-dose thiotepa-related neurotoxicity and the role of tramadol in children.

Background: Serious neurological adverse events (NAE) have occurred during treatment with high-dose thiotepa regimens of children with high-risk solid tumours. The objective was to assess the incidence of NAE related to high-dose thiotepa and to identify potential contributing factors that could exacerbate the occurrence of this neurotoxicity.

Methods: From May 1987 to March 2011, children with solid tumours treated with high-dose thiotepa were retrospectively identified.

Not All Patients with a Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumour Will Benefit from All Approved or Recommended Therapeutic Options: A Real-Life Retrospective Study.

Background: At least nine therapeutic options are recommended or approved for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour (pNET). The primary endpoint of this study was to determine the number of therapeutic lines given before death. Secondary endpoints were to determine toxic events as a function of number of therapeutic lines and of time.

Dendritic cell-derived exosomes as maintenance immunotherapy after first line chemotherapy in NSCLC.

Dendritic cell-derived exosomes (Dex) are small extracellular vesicles secreted by viable dendritic cells. In the two phase-I trials that we conducted using the first generation of Dex (IFN-γ-free) in end-stage cancer, we reported that Dex exerted natural killer (NK) cell effector functions in patients. A second generation of Dex (IFN-γ-Dex) was manufactured with the aim of boosting NK and T cell immune responses.

Outcome According to Elective Pelvic Radiation Therapy in Patients With High-Risk Localized Prostate Cancer: A Secondary Analysis of the GETUG 12 Phase 3 Randomized Trial.

Purpose: The role of pelvic elective nodal irradiation (ENI) in the management of prostate cancer is controversial. This study analyzed the role of pelvic radiation therapy (RT) on the outcome in high-risk localized prostate cancer patients included in the Groupe d'Etude des Tumeurs Uro-Genitales (GETUG) 12 trial.

Methods And Materials: Patients with a nonpretreated high-risk localized prostate cancer and a staging lymphadenectomy were randomly assigned to receive either goserelin every 3 months for 3 years and 4 cycles of docetaxel plus estramustine or goserelin alone.

High subcutaneous adipose tissue predicts the prognosis in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients in post chemotherapy setting.

Background: Cancer studies have shown that body mass index (BMI), skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and adipose tissue indexes are linked to overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). New treatments (abiraterone acetate, enzalutamide cabazitaxel, radium-223, sipuleucel-T) have improved patient outcomes in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Our objective was to analyse whether body composition parameters exert a prognostic role in mCRPC patients treated with next generation of androgen receptor (AR) axis inhibitors (abiraterone and enzalutamide).

Androgen deprivation therapy plus docetaxel and estramustine versus androgen deprivation therapy alone for high-risk localised prostate cancer (GETUG 12): a phase 3 randomised controlled trial.

Background: Early risk-stratified chemotherapy is a standard treatment for breast, colorectal, and lung cancers, but not for high-risk localised prostate cancer. Combined docetaxel and estramustine improves survival in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer. We assessed the effects of combined docetaxel and estramustine on relapse in patients with high-risk localised prostate cancer.

Personalised chemotherapy based on tumour marker decline in poor prognosis germ-cell tumours (GETUG 13): a phase 3, multicentre, randomised trial.

Background: Poor prognosis germ-cell tumours are only cured in about half of patients. We aimed to assess whether treatment intensification based on an early tumour marker decline will improve progression-free survival for patients with germ-cell tumours.

Methods: In this phase 3, multicentre, randomised trial, patients were enrolled from France (20 centres), USA (one centre), and Slovakia (one centre).

EGFR as a potential therapeutic target for a subset of muscle-invasive bladder cancers presenting a basal-like phenotype.

Muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma (MIBC) constitutes a heterogeneous group of tumors with a poor outcome. Molecular stratification of MIBC may identify clinically relevant tumor subgroups and help to provide effective targeted therapies. From seven series of large-scale transcriptomic data (383 tumors), we identified an MIBC subgroup accounting for 23.

Expression of EPHRIN-A1, SCINDERIN and MHC class I molecules in head and neck cancers and relationship with the prognostic value of intratumoral CD8+ T cells.

Background: Our group has previously shown that EPHRIN-A1 and SCINDERIN expression by tumor cells rendered them resistant to cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated lysis. Whereas the prognostic value of EPHRIN-A1 expression in cancer has already been studied, the role of SCINDERIN presence remains to be established. In the present work, we investigated the prognosis value of EPHRIN-A1 and SCINDERIN expression in head and neck carcinomas.

An essential role for decorin in bladder cancer invasiveness.

Muscle-invasive forms of urothelial carcinomas are responsible for most mortality in bladder cancer. Finding new treatments for invasive bladder tumours requires adequate animal models to decipher the mechanisms of progression, in particular the way tumours interact with their microenvironment. Herein, using the murine bladder tumour cell line MB49 and its more aggressive variant MB49-I, we demonstrate that the adaptive immune system efficiently limits progression of MB49, whereas MB49-I has lost tumour antigens and is insensitive to adaptive immune responses.

A risk-adapted study of cisplatin and etoposide, with or without ifosfamide, in patients with metastatic seminoma: results of the GETUG S99 multicenter prospective study.

Background: Whether patients with good prognosis and intermediate/poor prognosis advanced seminoma should be treated differently has not been defined.

Objective: To assess a risk-adapted chemotherapy regimen in patients with advanced seminoma.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A total of 132 patients were included in this prospective study.

[Concrete pain prevention measures regarding hospital internal transport in a cancer center].

Iatrogenic pain is a common problem for cancer patients, including those due to hospital internal transport. An original prospective study conducted in 2006 allowed risk factor identification, and from 2007, a pluri-annual progress plan was implemented. Its actions were systematically evaluated and all phases of transportation reconsidered: preparation, patient transport to and care in medicotechnical units.

Alcohol-attributable mortality in France.

Background: Alcohol consumption is high in France.

Aim: Estimation of alcohol-attributable mortality in France by sex, age and dose, for year 2009.

Method: We combined survey and sales data to estimate the prevalence of alcohol consumption by age, sex and dose category.

Cost of prostate image-guided radiation therapy: results of a randomized trial.

Purpose: This cost analysis aimed to quantify the cost of IGRT in relation to IGRT frequency and modality with Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) or orthogonal electronic portal imaging with fiducial markers (EPI-FM).

Material And Methods: Patients undergoing IGRT for localized prostate cancer were randomized into two prostate control frequencies (daily or weekly). Costs were calculated based on the micro-costing results according to hospitals' perspectives (in Euros, 2009) and the time horizon was radiation therapy.

A meta-analysis of the relationship between FGFR3 and TP53 mutations in bladder cancer.

TP53 and FGFR3 mutations are the most common mutations in bladder cancers. FGFR3 mutations are most frequent in low-grade low-stage tumours, whereas TP53 mutations are most frequent in high-grade high-stage tumours. Several studies have reported FGFR3 and TP53 mutations to be mutually exclusive events, whereas others have reported them to be independent.

Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy and remifentanil target-controlled infusion in ICU: a preliminary study.

Purpose: Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FFB) is a major diagnostic tool commonly used in intensive care unit (ICU). However, it generates discomfort and pain and can worsen respiratory and/or hemodynamic condition of critically ill patients. Remifentanil is an ultrashort-acting opioid drug that has been shown to provide effective sedation for painful procedures in spontaneous breathing patients.

CDKN2A homozygous deletion is associated with muscle invasion in FGFR3-mutated urothelial bladder carcinoma.

The gene cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) is frequently inactivated by deletion in bladder carcinoma. However, its role in bladder tumourigenesis remains unclear. We investigated the role of CDKN2A deletion in urothelial carcinogenesis, as a function of FGFR3 mutation status, a marker for one of the two pathways of bladder tumour progression, the Ta pathway.

Metastatic Medulloblastoma in Childhood: Chang's Classification Revisited.

Purpose. To correlate the radiological aspects of metastases, the response to chemotherapy, and patient outcome in disseminated childhood medulloblastoma. Patients and Methods.

Hyperthermic pelvic perfusion with tumor necrosis factor-α for locally advanced cancers: encouraging results of a phase II study.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy of isolated pelvic perfusion (IPP) with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and melphalan in patients with locally advanced cancers in the pelvic and groin area requiring mutilating surgery.

Methods: A total of 27 patients were enrolled (carcinoma, n = 17; sarcoma/melanoma, n = 4; and endocrine tumor, n = 6). They were candidates for exarticulation (n = 3) or exenteration (n = 11) or were judged unresectable (n = 13).

Chromogranin A measurement in metastatic well-differentiated gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma: screening for false positives and a prospective follow-up study.

Background: Multiple causes of false-positive chromogranin A (CgA) measurement have been reported that may affect its impact as a surrogate marker of RECIST progression in well-differentiated gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (WDGEPNET). ?

Aims: 1) To evaluate the frequency of false-positive CgA results. 2) To prospectively compare CgA variations with RECIST morphological changes in patients without known causes of false-positive CgA measurements.

PCA analgesia for children with chemotherapy-related mucositis: a double-blind randomized comparison of morphine and pethidine.

Aims: This study aimed to compare pethidine and morphine on efficacy and toxicity in children with severe mucositis following chemotherapies.

Patients And Methods: From March 2000 to November 2003, 35 hospitalized children with chemotherapy-related mucositis were randomly assigned to receive double blindly "patient-controlled analgesia" (PCA) bolus doses of morphine or pethidine. The mucositis pain score was the mean of pain measured four times a day with a Visual Analogue Scale from day 2 to 5 of PCA.

A novel epigenetic phenotype associated with the most aggressive pathway of bladder tumor progression.

Background: Epigenetic silencing can extend to whole chromosomal regions in cancer. There have been few genome-wide studies exploring its involvement in tumorigenesis.

Methods: We searched for chromosomal regions affected by epigenetic silencing in cancer by using Affymetrix microarrays and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to analyze RNA from 57 bladder tumors compared with normal urothelium.

[Prostate cancer: the evidence weighs against screening].

The risk of death from prostate cancer is very small before age 75: if one follows 1000 men from birth until age 75, one will observe 7 prostate cancer deaths. Prostate cancer is extremely frequent: if one were to autopsy 1000 men aged 75, one would find a cancer in the prostate of 800. Therefore, screening by systematic PSA measurement in the population induces an epidemic.

[The French drink too much alcohol].

Aim: Describe the long-term trends for alcohol consumption in the French population, by sex.

Methods: Joint analysis of the available alcohol data and of the results of surveys in representative samples of the French population.

Results: The average consumption of the adult population (aged 15 and over) was 65g of pure alcohol per day in 1935 and 27g per day in 2008.