Molecular and pathogenic characterization of Salmonella enterica serovar Bovismorbificans strains of animal, environmental, food, and human origin in Hungary.

In this study, we characterized 110 strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Bovismorbificans contaminating environment, animals, food of animal origin, and human, to assess their significance along the food chain in Hungary. Additionally, five strains from Germany were tested for comparative purposes. Characterization involved antibiotic susceptibility testing, class 1 integron detection by polymerase chain reaction, plasmid profiling, virulotyping (using virulence gene-specific polymerase chain reactions), and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.

Emergence of multidrug-resistant clones of Salmonella Infantis in broiler chickens and humans in Hungary.

Objectives: The characterization of a Salmonella Infantis strain collection that was set up from isolates of animal and human origin obtained in Hungary in recent years.

Methods: All isolates were phage typed. Antimicrobial resistance was tested by the disc diffusion method, while the presence of the antimicrobial resistance genes and class 1 integrons was investigated by PCR.