MALTectomy and psoriasis risk in women: A prospective study in the French E3N prospective cohort.

Background And Aim: The involvement of mucosa associated lymphoid tissues (MALT) in the development of an autoimmune response in the skin is unclear and unstudied. In this study we sought to assess the relationship between removal of MALT tissues (MALTectomy) and the risk of development of psoriasis (overall or moderate-to-severe).

Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study based on E3N, a French cohort composed of 98 995 women born between 1925 and 1950 and insured by the health insurance of the national education system (MGEN).

Degree of food processing and breast cancer risk: a prospective study in 9 European countries.

Unlabelled: Recent epidemiological studies have suggested a positive association between ultra-processed food consumption and breast cancer risk, although some studies also reported no association. Furthermore, the evidence regarding the associations between intake of food with lower degrees of processing and breast cancer risk is limited. Thus, we investigated the associations between dietary intake by degree of food processing and breast cancer risk, overall and by breast cancer subtypes in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study.

Roe deer exposure to trace metals and pesticides in forests and agricultural plains of North-eastern France.

Human activities related to agriculture and industrial development result in the emission of different types of pollutants in the environment. The phytosanitary pressure depends on the time of the year, the type of habitat, and the used treatments. Wildlife, particularly ungulates, can be exposed to pesticides and trace metals through their herbivorous diet directly impregnated by the environmental contamination.

Exposure assessment of titanium dioxide via drugs available on the French market: A nationwide descriptive study.

Purpose: Based on potential adverse health effects including genotoxicity concerns, the European Union banned titanium dioxide (TiO) as a food additive in 2022, but food-grade TiO can still be used in pharmaceutical products.

Methods: This study described the presence of TiO in drugs available on the French market and estimated the population exposure to TiO through drug consumption. We used annual drug claim data aggregated at the national level together with data on the TiO content of pharmaceutical products available on the French market in 2001-2020.

Educational level and characteristics of invasive breast cancer: findings from a French prospective cohort.

Purpose: Breast cancer (BC) characteristics are known to influence patients survival. Social differences have been reported by previous studies for those characteristics but questions persist because of inconsistent conclusions. We aimed to investigate the impact of education on BC stage, grade, and hormone receptor (HR) status, while adjusting for potential confounders including a broad set of health behaviors, anthropometric measures, and reproductive factors.

Design of a generic model based on physiology for persistent organic pollutants in laying hens: Applications on chlordecone and chlorinated paraffins.

A Physiology Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model has been developed to predict the kinetics of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in laying hens. Different datasets have enabled the calibration of the model for chlordecone (CLD), an organochlorine pesticide used in the French West Indies between 1972 and 1993, as well as for chlorinated paraffins (CPs), widely used for various industrial applications worldwide. For this purpose, the sensitivity analysis showed that intake parameters, laying rate, partition coefficients of yolk, hepatic clearance, percentage of metabolism and age were key parameters.

Lifestyle changes in middle age and risk of cancer: evidence from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

In this study, we aimed to provide novel evidence on the impact of changing lifestyle habits on cancer risk. In the EPIC cohort, 295,865 middle-aged participants returned a lifestyle questionnaire at baseline and during follow-up. At both timepoints, we calculated a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) score based on cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index and physical activity.

International Pooled Analysis of Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Premenopausal Breast Cancer in Women From 19 Cohorts.

Purpose: There is strong evidence that leisure-time physical activity is protective against postmenopausal breast cancer risk but the association with premenopausal breast cancer is less clear. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of physical activity with the risk of developing premenopausal breast cancer.

Methods: We pooled individual-level data on self-reported leisure-time physical activity across 19 cohort studies comprising 547,601 premenopausal women, with 10,231 incident cases of breast cancer.

A prospective study of the association between living in a rural environment during childhood and risk of psoriasis.

Psoriasis is one of the most common immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs). Living in a rural environment during childhood is associated with a decreased risk of certain IMIDs, like asthma, in adulthood. However, its role in other IMIDs, such as psoriasis is still unclear.

Association of Physical Activity and Parkinson Disease in Women: Long-term Follow-up of the E3N Cohort Study.

Background And Objectives: Previous cohort studies reported that a single measure of physical activity (PA) assessed at baseline was associated with lower Parkinson disease (PD) incidence, but a meta-analysis suggested that this association was restricted to men. Because of the long prodromal phase of the disease, reverse causation could not be excluded as a potential explanation. Our objective was to study the association between time-varying PA and PD in women using lagged analyses to address the potential for reverse causation and to compare PA trajectories in patients before diagnosis and matched controls.

Statin Use and Incidence of Parkinson's Disease in Women from the French E3N Cohort Study.

Background: Statins represent candidates for drug repurposing in Parkinson's disease (PD). Few studies examined the role of reverse causation, statin subgroups, and dose-response relations based on time-varying exposures.

Objectives: We examined whether statin use is associated with PD incidence while attempting to overcome the limitations described previously, especially reverse causation.

Dietary intake of total, heme and non-heme iron and the risk of colorectal cancer in a European prospective cohort study.

Background: Iron is an essential micronutrient with differing intake patterns and metabolism between men and women. Epidemiologic evidence on the association of dietary iron and its heme and non-heme components with colorectal cancer (CRC) development is inconclusive.

Methods: We examined baseline dietary questionnaire-assessed intakes of total, heme, and non-heme iron and CRC risk in the EPIC cohort.

Reproductive characteristics, use of exogenous hormones and Parkinson disease in women from the E3N study.

Despite experimental studies suggesting a disease-modifying role of oestrogens, results from epidemiological studies on the relation of reproductive characteristics and hormonal exposures with Parkinson disease in women are conflicting. We used the data from the E3N cohort study including 98 068 women aged 40-65 years in 1990 followed until 2018. Parkinson disease was ascertained using a validation process based on drug claim databases and medical records.

Antiplatelet drugs and breast cancer risk in a large nationwide Danish case-control study.

Low-dose aspirin has been hypothesized to prevent cancer risk by inhibiting platelet aggregation. However, the anti-cancer effect of low-dose aspirin has recently been questioned and its effect on breast cancer development remains unclear. The impact of other antiplatelet drugs on breast cancer risk has rarely been evaluated.

Identifying Protective Drugs for Parkinson's Disease in Health-Care Databases Using Machine Learning.

Background: Available treatments for Parkinson's disease (PD) are only partially or transiently effective. Identifying existing molecules that may present a therapeutic or preventive benefit for PD (drug repositioning) is thus of utmost interest.

Objective: We aimed at detecting potentially protective associations between marketed drugs and PD through a large-scale automated screening strategy.

Circulating inflammatory biomarkers, adipokines and breast cancer risk-a case-control study nested within the EPIC cohort.

Background: Inflammation has been hypothesized to play a role in the development and progression of breast cancer and might differently impact breast cancer risk among pre and postmenopausal women. We performed a nested case-control study to examine whether pre-diagnostic circulating concentrations of adiponectin, leptin, c-reactive protein (CRP), tumour necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ and 6 interleukins were associated with breast cancer risk, overall and by menopausal status.

Methods: Pre-diagnostic levels of inflammatory biomarkers were measured in plasma from 1558 case-control pairs from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.

Organochlorine POPs sequestration strategy by carbonaceous amendments of contaminated soils: Toward a better understanding of the transfer reduction to laying hens.

PCBs, PCDD/Fs, and Chlordecone (CLD) are POPs found in soils and transferred to animals through involuntary soil ingestion. In this frame, the amendment of contaminated soil with porous matrices, like Biochars (BCs) and Activated Carbons (ACs), is a promising technique for reducing this transfer. In this study, the efficiency of 3 biochars and 3 activated carbons was assessed by amending 2% (by weight) of these matrices on (i) CLD or (ii) PCBs and PCDD/Fs contaminated artificial soils.