Associations between diabetes and cancer: A 10-year national population-based retrospective cohort study.

Aims: To investigate the risk of cancer in people with diabetes compared to the population without diabetes and to gain insight into the timely association between diabetes and cancer at national level.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyse the role of diabetes in the development of cancer, based on service utilisation and antidiabetic dispensing data of the population between 2010 and 2021. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression were used to examine how diabetes status, in relationship with age and sex are related to the time to cancer diagnosis.

Subclinical systolic and diastolic myocardial dysfunction in polyphasic polymyositis/dermatomyositis: a 2-year longitudinal study.

Background: Cardiac involvement in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality risk; however, little is known about the progression of cardiac dysfunction and long-term data are scarce. In the present work, we intended to prospectively study echocardiographic parameters in patients with IIM for 2 years.

Methods: Twenty-eight IIM patients (41.

Improvement of Left Ventricular Graft Function Using an Iron-Chelator-Supplemented Bretschneider Solution in a Canine Model of Orthotopic Heart Transplantation.

Demand for organs is increasing while the number of donors remains constant. Nevertheless, not all organs are utilized due to the limited time window for heart transplantation (HTX). Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether an iron-chelator-supplemented Bretschneider solution could protect the graft in a clinically relevant canine model of HTX with prolonged ischemic storage.

Interventricular Differences of Signaling Pathways-Mediated Regulation of Cardiomyocyte Function in Response to High Oxidative Stress in the Post-Ischemic Failing Rat Heart.

Standard heart failure (HF) therapies have failed to improve cardiac function or survival in HF patients with right ventricular (RV) dysfunction suggesting a divergence in the molecular mechanisms of RV vs. left ventricular (LV) failure. Here we aimed to investigate interventricular differences in sarcomeric regulation and function in experimental myocardial infarction (MI)-induced HF with reduced LV ejection fraction (HFrEF).

Tenascin-C aggravates ventricular dilatation and angiotensin-converting enzyme activity after myocardial infarction in mice.

Aims: Tenascin-C (TN-C) is suggested to be detrimental in cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction (MI). The aim of this study is to reveal the effects of TN-C on extracellular matrix organization and its haemodynamic influence in an experimental mouse model of MI and in myocardial cell culture during hypoxic conditions.

Methods And Results: Myocardial infarction was induced in TN-C knockout (TN-C KO) and wild-type mice.

Five-Year Survival with Combined Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in Advanced Melanoma.

Background: Nivolumab plus ipilimumab or nivolumab alone resulted in longer progression-free and overall survival than ipilimumab alone in a trial involving patients with advanced melanoma. We now report 5-year outcomes in the trial.

Methods: We randomly assigned patients with previously untreated advanced melanoma to receive one of the following regimens: nivolumab (at a dose of 1 mg per kilogram of body weight) plus ipilimumab (3 mg per kilogram) every 3 weeks for four doses, followed by nivolumab (3 mg per kilogram every 2 weeks); nivolumab (3 mg per kilogram every 2 weeks) plus ipilimumab-matched placebo; or ipilimumab (3 mg per kilogram every 3 weeks for four doses) plus nivolumab-matched placebo.

[Effects of therapeutic suggestions on the recovery of patients undergoing major orthopaedic surgery].

Introduction And Aim: Hip and knee replacement surgery is very demanding for patients. Medication consumption is further increased by perioperative anxiety. Besides pain killer and anxiolytic medications, patients' recovery can be enhanced by applying therapeutic suggestions, which are easily applicable during the patient-physician communication.

Efficacy of Sequential Ipilimumab Monotherapy versus Best Supportive Care for Unresectable Locally Advanced/Metastatic Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer.

Ipilimumab, a monoclonal antibody that blocks cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4 interactions, enhances T-cell activation and promotes tumor immunity. This phase II study evaluated the safety and efficacy of ipilimumab monotherapy versus best supportive care (BSC) among patients with advanced/metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer who achieved at least stable disease with first-line chemotherapy. Eligible patients were randomized to ipilimumab 10 mg/kg every 3 weeks for four doses, then 10 mg/kg every 12 weeks for up to 3 years, or BSC, which could include continuation of fluoropyrimidine until progression or toxicity.

Effects of Positive Suggestions on the Need for Red Blood Cell Transfusion in Orthopedic Surgery.

This study examined whether positive suggestions applied without a hypnotic induction in the perioperative period reduces the need for red blood cell transfusions in patients who underwent total hip or knee arthroplasties with spinal anesthesia. No hypnotic assessment was performed. Ninety-five patients were randomly assigned to the suggestion group (n = 45) and to the control group (n = 50).

Myeloperoxidase impairs the contractile function in isolated human cardiomyocytes.

We set out to characterize the mechanical effects of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in isolated left-ventricular human cardiomyocytes. Oxidative myofilament protein modifications (sulfhydryl (SH)-group oxidation and carbonylation) induced by the peroxidase and chlorinating activities of MPO were additionally identified. The specificity of the MPO-evoked functional alterations was tested with an MPO inhibitor (MPO-I) and the antioxidant amino acid Met.

Echocardiographic abnormalities in new-onset polymyositis/dermatomyositis.

Objective: To identify early echocardiographic abnormalities at the time of diagnosis of polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) and follow the echocardiographic findings during the first 3 months of therapy.

Methods: We included 30 PM/DM patients (23/7) with a mean age of 42.3 ± 1.

Hypermuscular mice with mutation in the myostatin gene display altered calcium signalling.

Myostatin, a member of the transforming growth factor β family, is a potent negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth, as myostatin-deficient mice show a great increase in muscle mass. Yet the physical performance of these animals is reduced. As an explanation for this, alterations in the steps in excitation-contraction coupling were hypothesized and tested for in mice with the 12 bp deletion in the propeptide region of the myostatin precursor (Mstn(Cmpt-dl1Abc) or Cmpt).

Examples of positive suggestions given to patients undergoing orthopaedic surgeries.

In the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery in the University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, we examined the effectiveness of positive suggestions used in the perioperative period in hip and knee arthroplasties performed under spinal anaesthesia. The goal of the suggestions was to reduce the need for red blood cell transfusion and for analgesics, and to increase the patients' satisfaction. The objective of this article is to present our method with concrete examples of positive suggestions which were given first before the surgery (via personal conversation), then during the operation as well (via audiotaped method).

Myofilament protein carbonylation contributes to the contractile dysfunction in the infarcted LV region of mouse hearts.

Aims: The region-specific mechanical function of left ventricular (LV) murine cardiomyocytes and the role of phosphorylation and oxidative modifications of myofilament proteins were investigated in the process of post-myocardial infarction (MI) remodelling 10 weeks after ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery.

Methods And Results: Permeabilized murine cardiomyocytes from the remaining anterior and a remote non-infarcted inferior LV area were compared with those of non-infarcted age-matched controls. Myofilament phosphorylation, sulfhydryl (SH) oxidation, and carbonylation were also assayed.

Increased cardiac myocyte PDE5 levels in human and murine pressure overload hypertrophy contribute to adverse LV remodeling.

Background: The intracellular second messenger cGMP protects the heart under pathological conditions. We examined expression of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5), an enzyme that hydrolyzes cGMP, in human and mouse hearts subjected to sustained left ventricular (LV) pressure overload. We also determined the role of cardiac myocyte-specific PDE5 expression in adverse LV remodeling in mice after transverse aortic constriction (TAC).

Anti-inflammatory activities of eleven Centaurea species occurring in the Carpathian Basin.

Our study aimed at the identification of anti-inflammatory activities of different fractions of C. sadleriana extract after per os administration in rats, the identification of the active compounds of the plant and the investigation of the in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of Centaurea species native to or cultivated in the Carpathian Basin. The aerial parts of Centaurea sadleriana Janka have been used in Hungarian folk medicine to treat the wounds of sheep.

Ipilimumab in patients with melanoma and brain metastases: an open-label, phase 2 trial.

Background: Brain metastases commonly develop in patients with melanoma and are a frequent cause of death of patients with this disease. Ipilimumab improves survival in patients with advanced melanoma. We aimed to investigate the safety and activity of this drug specifically in patients with brain metastases.

A randomized comparative 96-week trial of boosted atazanavir versus continued boosted protease inhibitor in HIV-1 patients with abdominal adiposity.

Background: Abdominal adiposity in HIV-1 patients initiating antiretroviral therapy may be part of a restoration-to-health phenomenon. Lipoatrophy is associated with long-term thymidine analogue therapy. Individual protease inhibitors (PIs) differ in their effects on lipids and insulin resistance.

How cardiomyocytes make the heart old.

Naturally occurring decline in cardiovascular reserve with age associates with a combination of the reduction in cardiomyocyte number and altered cardiomyocyte function. Recent investigations suggested that about half of the cardiomyocytes is the same as at birth, while the other half of the cardiomyocytes is the result of cardiomyocyte renewal in the senescent heart. In addition, the total number of cardiomyocytes is estimated to be less by one third in the old heart than the number of cardiomyocytes at birth.

Cell-to-cell variability in troponin I phosphorylation in a porcine model of pacing-induced heart failure.

We tested the hypothesis that myocardial contractile protein phosphorylation and the Ca(2+) sensitivity of force production are dysregulated in a porcine model of pacing-induced heart failure (HF). The level of protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent cardiac troponin I (TnI) phosphorylation was lower in the myocardium surrounding the pacing electrode (pacing site) of the failing left ventricle (LV) than in the controls. Immunohistochemical assays of the LV pacing site pointed to isolated clusters of cardiomyocytes exhibiting a reduced level of phosphorylated TnI.

Antiinflammatory activities of Hungarian Stachys species and their iridoids.

The antiinflammatory activities of aqueous extracts prepared from the aerial parts of ten Hungarian Stachys species were investigated in vivo in the carrageenan-induced paw oedema test after intraperitoneal and oral administration to rats. Some of the extracts were found to display significant antiphlogistic effects when administered intraperitoneally and orally; in particular, the extracts of S. alpina, S.

Unboosted atazanavir-based therapy maintains control of HIV type-1 replication as effectively as a ritonavir-boosted regimen.

Background: Triple combination therapy based on a ritonavir (RTV)-boosted protease inhibitor plus two nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) has improved outcomes in HIV type-1 (HIV-1)-infected patients. For patients unable to tolerate these regimens, alternative therapeutic approaches are needed.

Methods: We report a comparative, open-label study in treatment-naive patients who underwent initial induction treatment with a triple combination including RTV-boosted atazanavir (ATV; 300/100 mg once daily).

The traditional Hungarian medicinal plant Centaurea sadleriana Janka accelerates wound healing in rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The aerial parts of Centaurea sadleriana Janka, a species native to Hungary, have been used for the healing of wounds of livestock in Hungarian folk medicine. This is the first report of the ethnomedicinal use of this plant.

Aim Of The Study: This study was aimed at investigating the wound-healing efficiency of different extracts of Centaurea sadleriana.

Protein kinase C contributes to the maintenance of contractile force in human ventricular cardiomyocytes.

Prolonged Ca(2+) stimulations often result in a decrease in contractile force of isolated, demembranated human ventricular cardiomyocytes, whereas intact cells are likely to be protected from this deterioration. We hypothesized that cytosolic protein kinase C (PKC) contributes to this protection. Prolonged contracture (10 min) of demembranated human cardiomyocytes at half-maximal Ca(2+) resulted in a 37 +/- 5% reduction of active force (p < 0.

Mechanism of neopterin-induced myocardial dysfunction in the isolated perfused rat heart.

Neopterin is a sensitive marker for diseases involving increased activity of the cellular immune system in humans. Many studies, however, provide evidence for neopterin not only as a marker, but also for its characteristic effects. Recently, we were able to demonstrate a considerable influence of exogenous neopterin at a concentration of 100 mumol/l on cardiac performance in the Langendorff model of isolated perfused rat hearts.