Pediatricians' COVID-19 experiences and views on the willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccines: a cross-sectional survey in Turkey.

Developing an effective and safe vaccine against Covid-19 will facilitate return to normal. Due to hesitation toward the vaccine, it is crucial to explore the acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine to the public and healthcare workers. In this cross-sectional survey, we invited 2251 pediatricians and 506 (22%) of them responded survey and 424 (84%) gave either nasopharyngeal swap or antibody assay for COVID-19 and 71 (14%) of them got diagnosis of COVID-19.

Impaired Hemorheological Parameters and Increased Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Children with Subclinical Hypothyroidism.

Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) is defined as elevated serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration associated with normal serum-free thyroxine levels. Effects of hypothyroidism on hemorheology had widely attracted the attention of researchers during the last decade.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine alterations in hemorheological parameters and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in children with SH.

Density of the crystalline lens in obese and nonobese children.

Purpose: To compare crystalline lens density in obese and nonobese children.

Methods: A total of 40 obese (25 females) and 46 age-sex matched controls (26 females) were included in this prospective study. Children with ocular diseases (except for mild refractive errors), ocular trauma, or surgery and any systemic disorders, including diabetes, were excluded.

Maturity onset diabetes of youth (MODY) in Turkish children: sequence analysis of 11 causative genes by next generation sequencing.

Background: Maturity-onset diabetes of the youth (MODY), is a genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of diseasesand is often misdiagnosed as type 1 or type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study is to investigate both novel and proven mutations of 11 MODY genes in Turkish children by using targeted next generation sequencing.

Methods: A panel of 11 MODY genes were screened in 43 children with MODY diagnosed by clinical criterias.

Evaluating the Efficacy of Treatment with a GnRH Analogue in Patients with Central Precocious Puberty.

Objective. GnRH analogues (GnRHa) are used in the treatment of central precocious puberty (CPP). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of treatment with a GnRHa (leuprolide acetate) in patients with CPP.

Rare Causes of Primary Adrenal Insufficiency: Genetic and Clinical Characterization of a Large Nationwide Cohort.

Context: Primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) is a life-threatening condition that is often due to monogenic causes in children. Although congenital adrenal hyperplasia occurs commonly, several other important molecular causes have been reported, often with overlapping clinical and biochemical features. The relative prevalence of these conditions is not known, but making a specific diagnosis can have important implications for management.

Can ultrasound elastography be used as a new technique in the differentiation of undescended testes and reactive lymph nodes in children?

Aim: To determine the diagnostic performance of ultrasound elastography in the differentiation of reactive lymph nodes and undescended testes in children.

Materials And Methods: Seventy-two undescended testes and 34 reactive lymph nodes were prospectively examined with the elastography technique. Four elastographic patterns were used for classification based on the distribution of the blue area.

Effects of GnRH analogue treatment on anterior pituitary hormones in children with central precocious puberty.

Introduction And Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effect of Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues (GnRHa) treatment on anterior pituitary hormones in female children with central precocious puberty (CPP).

Subjects And Method: There were 62 female children who had been diagnosed with CPP and received GnRHa (Leuprolide acetate, 3.75 mg intramuscular/subcutaneous/28 days) included in the study.

Evaluation of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels in children with growth hormone deficiency.

Objective: To investigate serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels in children with isolated growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and to determine the effect of GH replacement therapy on these levels.

Methods: 31 patients diagnosed with isolated GHD and 29 age-and sex-matched healthy children were enrolled in the study. Height, weight and waist circumference were measured in all subjects.

A common thyroid peroxidase gene mutation (G319R) in Turkish patients with congenital hypothyroidism could be due to a founder effect.

The most common congenital endocrine disorder is congenital hypothyroidism (CH), which can lead to mental retardation if untreated. Majority of the patients have been found to have defects in thyroid development and migration disorders (dysgenesis), and the remaining ones have thyroid hormone synthesis defects (dyshormonogenesis). One of the most common mechanisms to cause dyshormonogenesis is a defect in the thyroid peroxidase (TPO) enzyme.

Long-term follow-up of Cushing's disease:a case report.

Cushing's disease is a condition in which hypercortisolism develops due to excessive hypophyseal adrenocorticotropic hormone production. It is rare in childhood. In this paper, we report the case of a 10-year-old male patient with hypophyseal microadenoma-related Cushing's disease who presented with obesity and was found to show poor height growth at follow-up.

Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia: experience in a series of 17 cases.

Objective: Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (HIH) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder with both familial and sporadic variants. Patients with HIH may present during the neonatal period, infancy, or childhood and may show transient, prolonged, and persistent features. In this study, we aimed to discuss our experience with HIH patients, based on a series of 17 patients.

Prevalence of hyperthyrotropinemia in obese children before and after weight loss.

Background: Obesity is a worldwide epidemic. In recent years, increasing attention has been focused on thyroid function in obesity.

Objectives: To establish the prevalence of elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in obese children and adolescents, and identify the relationship between TSH levels and other metabolic and hormonal variables before and after weight reduction.

Diabetes mellitus with Laron syndrome: case report.

There are different opinions concerning changes in glucose metabolism in patients with Laron syndrome. In this paper we discuss the treatment results of our patient with Laron syndrome who developed diabetes during late adolescence. A 19-year-old boy with Laron syndrome was referred to our clinic for follow-up.

Report of the first case of precocious puberty in Rett syndrome.

Rett syndrome is an X-linked dominant disorder frequently caused by the mutations in the methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 gene (MECP2). Its prevalence in the population is 1/15,000-20,000. Patients with Rett syndrome present apparently normal psychomotor developments during the first 6-18 months of life.

Mild and severe congenital primary hypothyroidism in two patients by thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) gene mutation.

Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is the most commonly encountered endocrinological birth defect, with an incidence of approximately 1 in 3000-4000 live births. It could be sporadic or familial as well as goitrous or non-goitrous. Inactivating mutations of TSHR , which is one of the genes responsible for non-goitrogenic congenital hypothyroidism, are mostly inherited autosomal recessively and result in a wide clinical spectrum owing to the extent of receptor function loss.

A rare combination: congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21 hydroxylase deficiency and Turner syndrome.

A combination of Turner syndrome (TS) and classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is rare. A one-day-old newborn was referred to our hospital with ambiguous genitalia. The parents were third-degree relatives.

Assessment of the 21-hydroxylase deficiency and the adrenal functions in young females with Turner syndrome.

There are few reports of an association between Turner syndrome (TS) and 21-hydroxylase deficiency. However, this association is more frequent in some populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of 21-hydroxylase deficiency in patients with TS in our population.

Assessment of the knowledge of diabetes mellitus among school teachers within the scope of the managing diabetes at school program.

Objective: Training teachers and education professionals on diabetes is crucial for full-time monitoring of diabetic children in schools. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge on diabetes in a group of school teachers in Turkey.

Methods: Between November 2010 and November 2011, 1054 teachers from three regions of Ankara were given a questionnaire to assess their knowledge on diabetes.

A pediatric Conn syndrome case.

Conn syndrome, which is rarely encountered in children, is characterized by increased aldosterone, low renin level, and arterial hypertension. Severe complications, such as impaired vascular smooth muscle function secondary to increased aldosterone, endothelial dysfunction, deterioration of left ventricular functions, acute effects on the cardiovascular system, and proteinuria, may be observed. We present a case of primary aldosteronism in a patient who has been followed up for approximately 2 years.

Conus medullaris syndrome and acute colonic pseudoobstruction in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

A 5(3/12)-year-old boy with Philadelphia chromosome (+) pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) without extramedullary involvement did not achieve remission after induction therapy. His family stopped therapy, but he was readmitted eight months later due to pyoderma, pneumonia and active leukemia with leukocytosis. During cytoreductive and antibiotic therapy, he developed progressive abdominal distension, pain, globe vesicale, tachypnea, and respiratory alkalosis.

Does pseudohypoaldosteronism mask the diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia?

Hyponatremia and hyperpotassemia occurring in the first few weeks of life primarily indicate aldosterone deficiency due to salt-losing congenital adrenal hyperplasia (SL-CAH), while mineralocorticoid deficiency and insensitivity are the main causes of hyponatremia and hyperpotassemia in older infants. Some patients who present with vomiting and poor sucking, who have hyponatremia and hyperpotassemia and are initially diagnosed as CAH, during follow-up, are found to suffer from pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA). This situation has been reported several times before.