Notch signaling drives development of Barrett's metaplasia from Dclk1-positive epithelial tuft cells in the murine gastric mucosa.

Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), but its cellular origin and mechanism of neoplastic progression remain unresolved. Notch signaling, which plays a key role in regulating intestinal stem cell maintenance, has been implicated in a number of cancers. The kinase Dclk1 labels epithelial post-mitotic tuft cells at the squamo-columnar junction (SCJ), and has also been proposed to contribute to epithelial tumor growth.

[Medical rehabilitation of patients with alcohol dependency at risk of parental rights deprivation].

Aim: To study the efficacy of medical rehabilitation outpatient program 'Point of Soberness' with the use of prolonged injectable naltrexone for alcohol dependent parents of minor children.

Material And Methods: One hundred and seventeen patients with severe disease form without remissions were enrolled in the study. All patients were parents at risk of deprivation of parental rights.

Using a personalized clinical decision support system for bromdihydrochlorphenylbenzodiazepine dosing in patients with anxiety disorders based on the pharmacogenomic markers.

Introduction: Although pharmacogenetic tests provide the information on a genotype and the predicted phenotype, these tests themselves do not provide the interpretation of data for a physician. There are currently approximately two dozen pharmacogenomic clinical decision support systems used in psychiatry. Implementation of clinical decision support systems capable of forming recommendations on drug and dose selection according to the results of pharmacogenetic testing is an urgent task.

[Alcohol withdrawal syndrome dynamics during treatment with nooclerin (deanoli aceglumas)].

Aim: To study the efficacy of nooclerin (deanoli aceglumas) in alcohol withdrawal syndrome assessed by clinical and biochemical characteristics.

Material And Methods: A multicenter, open, randomized, comparative study of nooclerin in the complex treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome included 90 patients. The patients were randomized into nooclerin group (n=55) and control group (n=35).

[Clinical symptoms and personality traits in patients using psychostimulant drugs and other psychoactive substances].

Aim: To obtain preliminary data on personality and clinical/psychopathological predictors of combined use of psychoactive drugs in patients with psychostimulant dependence.

Material And Methods: Eighty-nine inpatients were examined. Family history of drug dependence, personality disorders, clinical/psychopathological characteristics and disease course (breakdowns, relapses, remissions) were compared in patients with psychostimulant dependence (n=35) and patients who used other psychoactive substances (n=54).

[The efficiency of the medical rehabilitation program with the use of injectable naltrexone for alcohol addicted patients who are at risk of parental rights deprivation].

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of treatment of patients at risk of deprivation of parental rights due to alcohol dependence under the 'Point of Soberness' program including psychotherapy and intramuscular injections of extended-release naltrexone (vivitrol).

Material And Methods: Results of therapy of 45 patients, 39 women and 6 men, are presented. Out of 45 patients, 42 (93.

[An interim analysis of the results of treatment program implementation with the use of injectable extended-release naltrexone for opioid addicted patients].

Aim: To analyze outcomes of treatment in the 'Point of soberness' program for opioid addicted patients (2015-2016 гг.).

Material And Methods: The results of treatment of 83 opioid addicted patients were analyzed.

[The practical use of placebo effect in psychotherapeutic treatment of patients with substance use disorders: therapeutic and ethic consequences].

The article discusses therapeutic potential of placebo and nocebo effects in treatment of substance use disorders. The authors review the background of the issue, describe neurobiological and psychological mechanisms of placebo effects and demonstrate their impact on psychotherapy of patients with substance use disorders. Attention is drawn to the clinical and ethical issues of practical use of placebo effects including that in terms of placebo-therapy, indirect suggestion psychotherapy, motivational interventions and cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy, psychotherapy with the use of disulfiram, psychopharmacotherapy with opioid antagonists.

[Syndrome of emotional burnout in narcologists and its impact on quality of life of patients with alcohol dependence].

Aim: To determine the frequency of syndrome of emotional burnout (SEB) and severity of its stages in addiction psychiatrists and to evaluate quality of life of their inpatient and outpatient narcologist.

Material And Methods: Authors examined 107 narcologist using a method of V.V.

[Pychotherapy in patients with alcohol dependence and comorbid endogenous pathology].

Aim: To develop differential psychotherapeutic methods in the combined treatment of patients with alcohol dependence and comorbid paranoid schizophrenia.

Material And Methods: Authors treated 154 patients using a specially designed psychotherapeutic program. The sample was randomized into the experimental and control groups.

[Long-term results of the program «Point of Sobriety» in patients with alcohol dependence in the Krasnodar region].

Aim: To analyze the long-term results of the «Point of Sobriety» program in patients with alcohol dependence.

Material And Methods: It was analyzed the results of treatment of 104 patients treated 2 or more years before the current study.

Results And Conclusion: The high efficacy of complex treatment with naltrexone injections was demonstrated.

[Emotional and Cognitive Disturbances in Addictions: interactions and correlations].

The literature data on the relationship between cognitive disorders and disorganized behavior influenced by affect in patients with addictions is reviewed. States of discomfort caused by withdrawal or pathological craving are discussed. A trend towards the development of integrative models based on the unity of cognitive and emotional processes is shown.

[The therapeutic alliance as a main factor of building cooperation during the treatment of patients with opiate addiction].

Objective. To assess an alliance-centred method of short-term psychotherapy (AP) in the formation of compliance in patients with opiate addiction. Material and methods.

[Alcohol dependence and mental adaptation disorders (the use of injectable extended-release naltrexone)].

This review of literature describes a role of chronic stress in the development of substance dependence including alcohol dependence. It is focused on neurochemical mechanisms of this dependence and approaches to its treatment in people with mental adaptation disorders. An example of treatment with injectable extended-release naltrexone is presented.

[Characteristics of the formation, course and treatment of alcohol dependence in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder].

This article presents the results of a study of clinical features of the development and course of alcohol dependence in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in comparison with alcohol-dependent patients without PTSD. The highly progressive course, continuous alcohol consumption, high alcohol tolerance, rapidly emerged altered forms of alcohol intoxication, alcohol amnesias, alcohol withdrawal with the prevalence of psychopathological component, and more pronounced social and somatic consequences of alcohol abuse were characteristic of the PTSD group. At the same time, the alcohol-dependent patients with PTSD had the best outcome to the end of 12-month treatment with intramuscular injections of vivitrol.

[Cognitive impairment in patients with opioid addiction].

The authors present the results of a study on cognitive dysfunction in 77 patients with opioid addiction. Cognitive functions were assessed with a battery of neuropsychological tests after stopping the syndrome of opiate withdrawal. Significant impairment of memory, memorization, attention, generalization and abstract thinking were identified in the majority of patients.

[Psychotherapy of alcoholics based on personality traits].

The article describes results of the development of the differentiated application of psychotherapeutic methods to the treatment of 120 patients with alcoholism basing on their personality characteristics. Psychotherapeutic programs oriented towards the characterologic features of patients are presented. These programs allowed to single out 4 groups of patients.

[Alcohol addiction from the perspective of transactional analysis].

The article reviews the major causes creating the basis for the formation and development of alcohol addiction from the transactional analysis perspective. The disturbances of functioning of patient's ego states and main psychological games underlying the self-destructive life scripts are described. The main directions of psychotherapeutic aid are considered to be linked to bowl off or abandon a corresponding role.

Efficacy and tolerability of escitalopram versus citalopram in major depressive disorder: a 6-week, multicenter, prospective, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled study in adult outpatients.

Background: The S-enantiomer of citalopram (escitalopram) is the active moiety linked to the anti-depressant effects associated with citalopram (the racemate). For escitalopram to be approved for the treatment of depression in Europe, findings from clinical trials of escitalopram are required to match previous results from studies of the racemate, citalopram.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of escitalopram and citalopram in outpatients with major depressive disorder (MDD).