Early Detection of Diabetic Nephropathy Based on Urinary and Serum Biomarkers: An Updated Systematic Review.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease worldwide, particularly among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Early detection and intervention are crucial in slowing the progression of DN and improving patient outcomes. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as the measurement of albuminuria and serum creatinine, often fail to detect early renal damage because structural kidney damage may occur before albumin excretion.

Decoding the Role of NEIL1 Gene in DNA Repair and Lifespan: A Literature Review with Bioinformatics Analysis.

Longevity, the length of an organism's lifespan, is impacted by environmental factors, metabolic processes, and genetic determinants. The base excision repair (BER) pathway is crucial for maintaining genomic integrity by repairing oxidatively modified base lesions. Nei-like DNA Glycosylase 1 (NEIL1), part of the BER pathway, is vital in repairing oxidative bases in G-rich DNA regions, such as telomeres and promoters.

Molecular Mechanisms of miR-214 Involved in Cancer and Drug Resistance.

As a transcriptional regulation element, the microRNA plays a crucial role in many aspects of molecular biological processes, like cellular metabolism, cell division, cell death, cell movement, intracellular signaling, and immunity. Previous studies suggested that microRNA-214 (miR-214) is probably a valuable cancer marker. In this study, a brief updated overview of the vital dual role of miR-214 in cancer as a tumor suppressor or oncogene was provided.

Apelin signalling in the periaqueductal grey matter alleviates capsaicin-evoked pulpal nocifensive behaviour and capsaicin-induced spatial learning and memory impairments in rat.

Aim: Pulpal pain is a common orofacial health issue that has been linked to cognitive impairment. Because of its prominent role in pain modulation and cognitive impairment, apelin (Apl) is regarded as a promising target for clinical pain management. The role of Apl in orofacial pain, however, is unknown.

A high dose of estrogen can improve renal ischemia-reperfusion-induced pulmonary injury in ovariectomized female rats.

Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI) as a pathological process induces remote organ injury such as lung complications and it is regulated in a hormone-dependent manner. This study investigates the effect of estrogen on RIR-induced pulmonary injury in ovariectomized (OV) rats. A total of 60 female Wistar rats were divided into six groups: () intact sham, () OV sham, () OV sham + estradiol valerate (E), () intact ischemia, () OV ischemia, and () OV ischemia + E.

The influence of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury on remote organs: The histological brain changes in male and female rats.

Introduction: Brain tissue was adversely affected by renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (renal IRI) in several studies. Moreover, we are awareness that kidney diseases are gender dependent, but there is not enough evidence of the impact of gender on renal IRI-induced brain injury. Hence, this study was designed to investigate gender differences in renal IRI-induced brain tissue injury in adult rats.

Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity; Protective Supplements and Gender Differences.

Cisplatin (CDDP) has been widely used as a chemotherapeutic agent for solid tumors. The most common side effect of CDDP is nephrotoxicity, and many efforts have been made in the laboratory and the clinic to employ candidate adjuvants to CDDP to minimize this adverse influence. Many synthetic and herbal antioxidants as well as trace elements have been investigated for this purpose in recent years and a variety of positive and negative results have been yielded.

Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity alters blood pressure response to angiotensin II administration in rats.

Background: Cisplatin (CP) is an effective chemotherapeutic drug used in the clinic, which is accompanied with nephrotoxicity. CP may also disturb hemodynamics of the circulation system. We have tested the role of CP in mean arterial pressure (MAP) response to graded angiotensin (Ang) II infusion in rats.

Role of Mas receptor in renal blood flow response to angiotensin-(1-7) in ovariectomized estradiol treated rats.

The angiotensin 1-7 (Ang 1-7), is abundantly produced in kidneys and antagonizes the function of angiotensin II through Mas receptor (MasR) or other unknown mechanisms. In the current study, the role of MasR and steroid hormone estrogen on renal blood flow response to Ang 1-7 administration was investigated in ovariectomized (OV) female rats. OV female Wistar-rats received estradiol (500 μg/kg/week) or vehicle for two weeks.

Nitric Oxide Synthases Blockade; L-NAME and Estradiol Alter Renal Blood Flow Response to Angiotensin 1-7 in Ovariectomized Rats.

Nitric oxide (NO) and angiotensin 1-7 (Ang 17), as components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), play key roles in the control of renal circulation. We test the hypothesis that NO synthase (NOS) blockade by L-NAME or estradiol alters the renal blood flow (RBF) response to Ang 1-7 infusion. Female Wistar rats were ovariectomized and assigned into two groups treated with estradiol or vehicle for two weeks.

Protective effect of pomegranate flower extract against gentamicin-induced renal toxicity in male rats.

Introduction: Gentamicin (GM) as an antibiotic is used in clinic. However, its administration is limited by side effects such as nephrotoxicity. Herbal extracts could be used in therapeutic approaches.