Investigating the effects of different DHA/EPA ratios in rainbow trout () egg composition on foregut development of larvae.

Lecithotrophic larvae utilize extensive yolk reserves for early development. In this study, the effect of egg docosahexaenoic acid (DHA):eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) ratios (, 5.92, 10.

Effects of enrichment of live prey with soy lecithin on growth, stress resistance, digestive enzymes activity, and antioxidant capacity in yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus) larvae.

Phospholipid (PL) is an essential nutrient that has vital effects on growth, stress resistance, and early development in marine fish larvae. In this regard, a 30-day feeding experiment was conducted in order to examine the effects of live prey enrichment with graded levels of soy lecithin (SL) on some physiological responses of Acanthopagrus latus larvae. Four experimental emulsion levels of SL were used to enrich rotifer and Artemia including very low (2%, N-Nil), low (4%, L), medium (8%, M), and high (12%, H).

Effects of Dietary Taurine on Maturation Indices, Antioxidant Capacity, Ovaries Amino and Fatty Acids Profile, and Vitellogenin Gene Transcription Level in Female Brooders.

A 30-day research was carried out to examine the impacts of dietary taurine (Tau) on ovaries maturation and physiological responses of female brooders (29.4 ± 0.2 g).

The effect of various dietary MUFA content and n-6/n-3 ratios on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed on a whole plant protein based diet: growth performance, digestive enzymes activity, intestinal morphometry and fatty acids profile of muscle and liver.

The effect of diets with various dietary MUFA content and n-6/n-3 ratios, diets 1 (55.33, 1.00), 2 (25.

Prolonged ecological changes can affect morphometrics and gene expression profile? Focusing on Hsp-70 and NLHS-induced Hsp-70 of Artemia urmiana.

Background: In recent years, many aquatic ecosystems, including Urmia Lake, have undergone severe ecological tensions. This lake, the largest natural habitat of the brine shrimp Artemia urmiana, has progressively desiccated and its salinity has dramatically increased over the last three decades. In the face of the long period environmental stresses, understanding the adaptation and ecological plasticity mechanisms is the most interesting challenges in genetic and applied ecology.

Life-history omnivory in the fairy shrimp (Branchiopoda: Anostraca).

Unlabelled: Very little is known about the feeding of naupliar and juvenile life stages of omnivorous fairy shrimps (Crustacea: Anostraca). Here, we aim to reveal whether the fairy shrimp is an ontogenetic omnivore and at which age and ontogenetic stage they gain the ability to feed on zooplankton. We assess how food uptake rates change with age until reaching maturity by providing algae (pico- and nanoplanktonic unicellular algae) and zooplankton (rotifers and copepod nauplii) as food in individual experiments.

Assessing nitrogen dynamics model and the role of artificial lagoon in effluent loading of shrimp farms in Gomishan wetland, southern Caspian Sea.

Shrimp farming increases the nutrients, especially nitrogen in the water resources reducing water quality. This study was conducted to evaluate the nitrogen dynamics in white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) farms and the role of artificial lagoon (24 ha) in reducing nitrogen levels in Gomishan coastal wetland, the eastern Caspian Sea. The results indicated that at the end of the 4-month breeding period, the amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus introduced into Gomishan wetland were calculated as to 220.

Delay in arrival: lineage-specific influence of haemosporidians on autumn migration of European robins.

Haemosporidian blood parasites are widely used in evolutionary ecological research when exploring the effects of parasites on different life-history traits of their bird hosts. However, their roles in bird migration are less studied. If these parasites deteriorate the body condition of the birds strongly, they might negatively affect the whole migration phenology and the survival of the birds as well.

Contrasting effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on urban birds' reproductive success in two cities.

The ubiquitous activity of humans is a fundamental feature of urban environments affecting local wildlife in several ways. Testing the influence of human disturbance would ideally need experimental approach, however, in cities, this is challenging at relevant spatial and temporal scales. Thus, to better understand the ecological effects of human activity, we exploited the opportunity that the city-wide lockdowns due to the COVID-19 pandemic provided during the spring of 2020.

Effect of replacement of fish oil with different plant oils in broodstocks diets on egg and larval antioxidant defense development.

This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of feeding rainbow trout ( broodstocks with different ratio of plant oils to evaluate the changes in antioxidant defense status in the progenies. In the experimental diets, fish oil was replaced with different combination of plant oils including corn oil, olive oil, sunflower oil, and coconut oil, to gain different levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) in the experimental diets. Fish fed eight weeks with experimental diets before reproduction.

Does offspring sex ratio differ between urban and forest populations of great tits (Parus major)?

Since male and female offspring may have different costs and benefits, parents may use sex ratio adjustment to increase their own fitness under different environmental conditions. Urban habitats provide poorer conditions for nestling development in many birds. Therefore, we investigated whether great tits (Parus major) produce different brood sex ratios in urban and natural habitats.

Replacing Dietary Fish Oil with Vegetable Oil Blends in Female Rainbow Trout Brood Stock Does Not Affect Breeding Quality.

To determine the effects of replacing fish oil (FO) with a mixture of vegetable oils (VO) in plant protein-rich diets on reproductive performance, the fatty acid profile of embryos as well as health indices of female rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) brooders (initial mean body weight, 1.8 ± 0.1 kg), a 3-month feeding trial was conducted.

Malaria infection status of European Robins seems to associate with timing of autumn migration but not with actual condition.

Avian malaria parasites can negatively affect many aspects of the life of the passerines. Though these parasites may strongly affect the health and thus migration patterns of the birds also during autumn, previous studies on avian malaria focused mainly on the spring migration and the breeding periods of the birds. We investigated whether the prevalence of blood parasites varies in relation to biometrical traits, body condition and arrival time in the European Robin (Erithacus rubecula) during autumn migration.

Evaluation of the Impacts of Long-Term Enriched Artemia with Bacillus subtilis on Growth Performance, Reproduction, Intestinal Microflora, and Resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of Ornamental Fish Poecilia latipinna.

The present study investigated the effect of enriched Artemia with Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, reproductive factors, proximate composition, intestinal microflora, and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of ornamental fish, Poecilia latipinna. Using a completely randomized design, the experiment included three groups. The first group was fed with commercial food without any probiotic.

Effects of dietary soybean lecithin on growth performance, blood chemistry and immunity in juvenile stellate sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus).

An eleven weeks feeding trial was conducted to determine the effects of different levels of dietary soybean lecithin (SBL) on growth performance, blood chemistry and immunity in juvenile stellate sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus). Fish were fed seven isoproteic (44% crude protein) and isolipidic (17% crude fat) diets containing graded levels of SBL: 0 (control), 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10%. Results showed that dietary SBL supplementation significantly improved the final body weight (BW) and weight gain (WG).

Growth Performance, Hemato-Immunological Responses, and Digestive Enzyme Activities in Silvery-Black Porgy (Sparidentex hasta) Fed Dietary Bovine Lactoferrin.

An 8-week study was conducted to evaluate three different diets supplemented with bovine lactoferrin (LF) at 0 (control), 800, and 1200 mg LF kg diet on somatic growth, hemato-immunological parameters, antioxidant status, and digestive enzyme activities in silvery-black porgy (Sparidentex hasta) juveniles. Fish fed the 800 mg LF kg diet had higher growth performance and feed utilization parameters than the other groups. Hematological and liver antioxidant parameters were not affected by dietary LF supplementation.

Haematospirillum and insect Wolbachia DNA in avian blood.

In this study, blood samples of 259 Acrocephalus sp. warblers were molecularly analysed for Anaplasmataceae and Rhodospirillaceae based on PCR amplification of 16S rRNA gene fragments. One bird blood sample (from Reed Warbler, Acrocephalus scirpaceus) yielded a sequence with 99.

NMR-based metabolomic study on the toxicological effects of pesticide, diazinon on adaptation to sea water by endangered Persian sturgeon, Acipenser persicus fingerlings.

NMR-based metabolomics was applied to explore metabolic impacts of diazinon on sea water adaptation of Persian sturgeon fingerlings, Acipenser persicus. Fingerlings were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of diazinon in freshwater (FW) for 96 h (short-term trial) and 12 days (long-term trial) and then exposed in brackish water (BW) (12 mg L salinity) for 24 h. After 96 h and 12 days exposure in FW, identified metabolites (amino acids, osmolytes, energy metabolites) showed different change-patterns compared to control group (P < 0.

Rancidity development of refrigerated rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fillets: comparative effects of in vivo and in vitro lycopene.

Background: The problem of lipid oxidation in fish during storage is well known and is related to both temperature and storage time. Antioxidants could have a main role in limiting the deteriorative effects of lipid oxidation in fish. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary supplement against postmortem addition of lycopene on the deterioration of trout fillets during storage at 4 ± 1 °C for 12 days.

Semen characteristics of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) following diets containing different vegetable fatty acid levels.

Brood fish nutrition is an important factor susceptible to affect not only fecundity and gametogenesis but also gamete quality. In this study, we investigated the effects of altering dietary vegetable fatty acid content on semen quality (i.e.

Effects of diazinon on adaptation to sea-water by the endangered Persian sturgeon, Acipenser persicus, fingerlings.

To replenish the depleting populations of sturgeon fishes especially Persian sturgeon, Acipenser persicus in the Caspian Sea, millions of Persian sturgeon fingerlings are farmed through artificial propagation and released into the Iranian river estuaries annually. Fish osmoregulation is a vital physiological process that can be affected during the release. Many Iranian river estuaries are under the influence of pesticides originating from farming activities that may affect osmoregulation.

Morphometric and preliminary genetic characteristics of Branchinecta orientalis populations from Iran (Crustacea: Anostraca).

Branchinecta orientalis is a fairy shrimp endemic to the Palearctic region, from Mongolia to Spain. The patchy nature of its habitat is thought to result in a high degree of subdivision among populations, potentially promoting speciation. We combined morphometric characteristics with molecular phylogeny of cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) to test whether B.

Effect of dietary supplementation with zinc enriched yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on immunity of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

Zinc (Zn) is an essential trace element in all living organisms, and the first eukaryotic Zn uptake transporter was discovered in the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Zinc-enriched yeast is a currently available Zn supplement. The purpose of the investigation was to compare and evaluate the effect of Zn enriched yeast in rainbow trout.

Effects of salinity and ultraviolet radiation on the bioaccumulation of mycosporine-like amino acids in Artemia from Lake Urmia (Iran).

We investigated the effects of salinity and artificial UV radiation on the accumulation of mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) in sexual and parthenogenetic Artemia from Lake Urmia. The nauplii hatched from the cysts were cultured until adulthood under two salinities (150 and 250 g L(-1) ) and two light treatments (PAR and PAR+UVR) in the laboratory. Finally, the Artemia were analyzed for their concentration of MAAs.