Prevalence and determinants of anaemia in children aged months in Africa: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Anaemia, especially in children aged <5 years, is a global health problem disproportionately affecting populations in low-income and middle-income countries. It is associated with high disability and death rates and has a negative effect on development. This study seeks to evaluate the prevalence and determinants of anaemia in children aged 6-59 months residing in Africa.

Global epidemiology of acute generalised peritonitis: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Globally, acute generalised peritonitis (AGP) is a common medical and surgical emergency which is a major contributor to non-trauma deaths despite improvements in diagnosis and surgical and intensive care management. In order to determine the global burden of AGP, geared at tailoring key interventions to curb its morbidity and mortality, we proposed this first ever systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the contemporary prevalence, and to determine the most frequent AGP and the case fatality rate of AGP, at the global scene.

Methods And Analysis: We intend to search , Americana em Ciências da Saúde, Citation index, EMBASE, Global Index Medicus, Literatura Latino Africa Index Medicus, Medline and Scientific Electronic Library Online databases from 1 January 2009 to 31 July 2019 to identify studies that reported the prevalence, types of AGP, and case fatality rate of AGP in the global population without any language restrictions.

RANKL-OPG and RAGE modulation in vascular calcification and diabetes: novel targets for therapy.

Type 2 diabetes is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and early vascular ageing. This takes the form of atherosclerosis, with progressive vascular calcification being a major complication in the pathogenesis of this disease. Current research and drug targets in diabetes have hitherto focused on atherosclerosis, but vascular calcification is now recognised as an independent predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

Applying 21st century imaging technology to wound healing: an Avant-Gardist approach.

A significant arising complication in the care of patients with diabetes is increased susceptibility to chronic wounds, including diabetic foot ulcers and pressure sores. This is driven by, e.g.

Amputations and foot-related hospitalisations disproportionately affect dialysis patients.

Patients with diabetes have increased risk for foot ulcers, amputations and hospitalisations. We evaluated a closed cohort of patients with diabetes and established risk factors in two high risk groups: (i) dialysis patients and (ii) patients with previous foot ulceration. We used claims data for diabetes (ICD-9 250.

Neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers - evidence-to-practice.

Foot ulcers and their attendant complications are disquietingly high in people with diabetes, a majority of whom have underlying neuropathy. This review examines the evidence base underpinning the prevention and management of neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers in order to inform best clinical practice. Since it may be impractical to ask patients not to weight-bear at all, relief of pressure through the use of offloading casting devices remains the mainstay for management of neuropathic ulcers, whilst provision of appropriate footwear is essential in ulcer prevention.

The RANKL/RANK/OPG signaling pathway mediates medial arterial calcification in diabetic Charcot neuroarthropathy.

Objective: The receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK), RANK ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) signaling pathway (RANKL/RANK/OPG signaling) is implicated in the osteolysis associated with diabetic Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN); however, the links with medial arterial calcification (MAC) seen in people with CN are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of RANKL/OPG in MAC in patients with CN.

Research Design And Methods: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Bio-plex multiarray technology were used to quantify a range of cytokines, including RANKL and OPG in sera from 10 patients with diabetes, 12 patients with CN, and 5 healthy volunteers.

Impact of chronic kidney disease on survival after amputation in individuals with diabetes.

Objective: To identify factors that influence survival after diabetes-related amputations.

Research Design And Methods: We abstracted medical records of 1,043 hospitalized subjects with diabetes and a lower-extremity amputation from 1 January to 31 December 1993 in six metropolitan statistical areas in south Texas. We identified mortality in the 10-year period after amputation from death certificate data.

Diabetic foot disease in people with advanced nephropathy and those on renal dialysis.

Among the spectrum of risk for diabetic foot disease conferred by chronic kidney disease (CKD), end-stage renal disease (ESRD) has emerged as a novel independent risk factor. Apart from the classical triad of neuropathy, infection, and peripheral arterial disease that operate in these individuals, the risk is further compounded by inadequate foot self-care by patients and by dialysis centers not providing onsite foot care, as medical priorities are diverted to the dialysis itself. Consequently, the burden of diabetic foot disease has increased in the CKD and ESRD population as exemplified by high ulceration, amputation, and foot-related mortality rates.

Dialysis treatment is an independent risk factor for foot ulceration in patients with diabetes and stage 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease.

Objective: To determine whether dialysis treatment is an independent risk factor for foot ulceration in patients with diabetes and renal impairment.

Research Design And Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of consecutive patients with diabetes and stage 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) attending clinics in Manchester (U.K.

Developing the agenda for European Union collaboration on non-communicable diseases research in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Background: Health research is increasing in Africa, but most resources are currently chanelled towards infectious diseases and health system development. While infectious diseases remain a heavy burden for some African countries, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) account for more than half of all deaths globally and WHO predicts 27% increase in NCDs in Africa over the next decade. We present findings of a European-Africa consultation on the research agenda for NCDs.

Diabetic foot prevention: a neglected opportunity in high-risk patients.

Objective: To evaluate the frequency of foot prevention strategies among high-risk patients with diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: Electronic medical records were used to identify 150 patients on dialysis and 150 patients with previous foot ulceration or amputation with 30 months follow-up to determine the frequency with which patients received education, podiatry care, and therapeutic shoes and insoles as prevention services.

Results: Few patients had formal education (1.

High levels of foot ulceration and amputation risk in a multiracial cohort of diabetic patients on dialysis therapy.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of lower-limb complications in a multiracial cohort of patients with diabetes receiving dialysis.

Research Design And Methods: This work was a cross-sectional study of lower-limb complications in dialysis-treated patients with diabetes in the U.K.

Emerging evidence for neuroischemic diabetic foot ulcers: model of care and how to adapt practice.

Although neuropathic ulceration remains the commonest type of foot ulcers among patients with diabetes, recent data suggest that ischemic (and therefore, neuroischemic) ulcers are on the rise. The high prevalence and incidence of diabetes and its attendant foot complications, coupled with the current trend where increasingly diabetes care is being provided by general practitioners (primary care physicians) would mean that primary care practices are expected to see greater numbers of diabetic foot ulcer patients. Unfortunately, these settings are frequently ill-equipped to appropriately manage diabetic foot ulcers either due to lack of adequately trained personnel and access to multidisciplinary foot care teams.

The Diabetic Foot in 2008: an update from the 12th Malvern Diabetic Foot Meeting.

Every 2 years, Great Malvern, a small town in the county of Worcestershire, England, is home to the oldest international meeting on the diabetic foot that started about a quarter of a century ago. The 12th Malvern Diabetic Foot meeting, held from May 14 to 16, 2008, was attended by delegates and speakers from 5 continents and more than 25 countries. Strategic clinical specialties involved in diabetic foot management were prominently represented.