Expression of RAS and RAB interactor 1 (RIN1) in head and neck tumors at selected hospital in Ghana.

Background: Head and neck tumors (HNT) are tumors of the paranasal sinuses, the salivary glands and the upper aerodigestive tract. RIN1 is a Ras effector protein regulating epithelial cell properties and has been implicated in a number of cancers.

Method: The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of RIN1 in head and neck tumors.

Revolutionizing Cardiac Care: A Comprehensive Narrative Review of Cardiac Rehabilitation and the Evolution of Cardiovascular Medicine.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) stands as a global health crisis, with its complex web of conditions, including coronary artery disease, heart failure, hypertension, and stroke, continuing to exact a heavy toll on individuals and healthcare systems worldwide. Despite substantial advances in medical technology and pharmaceutical interventions, CVD remains a formidable adversary, necessitating innovative prevention, management, and rehabilitation approaches. In tracing the historical trajectory of CVD, the narrative reveals the antiquated practices of early 20th-century medicine, marked by extended bed rest as the primary modality for heart-related conditions.

Prognostic Worth of Nrf2/BACH1/HO-1 Protein Expression in the Development of Breast Cancer.

Objectives: Nrf2/BACH1/HO-1 proteins have been implicated in the development and progression of tumors. However, their clinical relevance in breast cancer remains unclear and understudied. This study evaluated Nrf2/BACH1/HO-1 protein expression and its relationship with age, tumor grade, tumor stage, TNM, ER, PR, HER2, and histologic type.

A reference interval study of serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D among an African elderly population.

Background: Elderly people have increased risk factors for low serum vitamin D levels, which is worsened among the black race. Therefore, elderly Africans constitute a reference population for vitamin D study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to establish the reference interval of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) among an African elderly population.

Friend or foe: Hybrid proline-rich proteins determine how plants respond to beneficial and pathogenic microbes.

Plant plastids generate signals, including some derived from lipids, that need to be mobilized to effect signaling. We used informatics to discover potential plastid membrane proteins involved in microbial responses in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Among these are proteins co-regulated with the systemic immunity component AZELAIC ACID INDUCED 1, a hybrid proline-rich protein (HyPRP), and HyPRP superfamily members.

Patient involvement in medical decisions: a survey of shared decision making during physical therapy consultations.

Introduction: Shared decision making (SDM) is widely affirmed as an ethical principle in healthcare; underpinned by both evidence of its positive outcomes among patients and strong inducements for its adoption by health professionals. This study investigated patients' involvement in SDM, determined its association with their personal characteristics and identified factors influencing their participation.

Method: A cross-sectional survey was executed among 148 consenting patients, who were recruited using convenience sampling technique and invited to complete self-report questionnaires on SDM.

A Review: Mechanism of in Cancers-NF-B, P13K/AKT, and MAPKs Signaling Activation.

has been characterized for its several biological and medicinal effects such as antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and immunoregulation. In recent years, has demonstrated potential to modulate the activation of critical pathways such as NF-B, P13K/AKT, and ERK/JNK/P38/MAPKs associated with cell growth, proliferation, metastasis, and apoptotic cell death. To date, there is much evidence indicating that modulation of cellular signaling pathways is a promising approach to consider in drug development and discovery.

Solar energy: A panacea for the electricity generation crisis in Nigeria.

In assessing the status of solar energy in Nigeria, efforts have been made to review researchers' works. This review article presents the status of solar energy in Nigeria. Also, it provides an all-inclusive contemporary analysis of the extensive research carried out in this field by Nigerians and renewable energy researchers in general.

Synthesis, Structure, Carbohydrate Enzyme Inhibition, Antioxidant Activity, In Silico Drug-Receptor Interactions and Drug-Like Profiling of the 5-Styryl-2-Aminochalcone Hybrids.

The 2-amino-5-(3/4-fluorostyryl)acetophenones were prepared and reacted with benzaldehyde derivatives to afford the corresponding 5-styryl-2-aminochalcone hybrids. The geometry of the styryl and α,β-unsaturated carbonyl arms, and the presence of NHO intramolecular hydrogen bond were validated using H-NMR and X-ray data. The 2-amino-5-styrylacetophenones and their 5-styryl-2-aminochalcone derivatives were screened in vitro for their capability to inhibit α-glucosidase and/or α-amylase activities.

In Vitro Enzymatic and Kinetic Studies, and In Silico Drug-Receptor Interactions, and Drug-Like Profiling of the 5-Styrylbenzamide Derivatives as Potential Cholinesterase and β-Secretase Inhibitors with Antioxidant Properties.

The 5-(styryl)anthranilamides were transformed into the corresponding 5-styryl-2-(-tolylsulfonamido)benzamide derivatives. These 5-styrylbenzamide derivatives were evaluated through enzymatic assays in vitro for their capability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and β-secretase (BACE-1) activities as well as for antioxidant potential. An in vitro cell-based antioxidant activity assay involving lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production revealed that compounds and have the capability of scavenging free radicals.

Is there a real need for sputum culture for community-acquired pneumonia diagnostics? Results from a retrospective study in Russia.

Objectives: The mortality rate associated with community-acquired pneumonia is still considered high as it occupies a leading position among all infectious diseases. The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the implementation of the respiratory bacterial culture sampling in the clinical practice of the Russian Federation's therapeutic departments and its impact on inpatient care.

Methods: The study included 1,344 patients with community-acquired pneumonia.

Asymptomatic infections among children in Maiduguri, Borno state, Northeast, Nigeria.

Background: Rotavirus remains one of the main causative agents of gastroenteritis in young children. This happens, especially in countries (e.g.

Synthesis of furocoumarin-stilbene hybrids as potential multifunctional drugs against multiple biochemical targets associated with Alzheimer's disease.

A series of furocoumarin-stilbene hybrids has been synthesized and evaluated in vitro for inhibitory effect against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinestarase (BChE), β-secretase, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and lipoxygenase-5 (LOX-5) activities including free radical-scavenging properties. Among these hybrids, 8-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(3,5-dimethoxystyryl)furochromen-2-one 4h exhibited significant anticholinesterase activity and inhibitory effect against β-secretase, COX-2 and LOX-5 activities. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and an in vitro cell-based antioxidant activity assay involving lipopolysaccharide induced reactive oxygen species production revealed that 4h has capability of scavenging free radicals.

Exploring Biological Activity of 4-Oxo-4-furo[2,3-]chromene Derivatives as Potential Multi-Target-Directed Ligands Inhibiting Cholinesterases, β-Secretase, Cyclooxygenase-2, and Lipoxygenase-5/15.

A series of 5-oxo-5-furo[3,2-]chromene-6-carbaldehydes and their hydrazone derivatives were evaluated as potential multi-target-directed ligands in vitro against cholinesterases, β-secretase, cyclooxygenase-2, and lipoxygenase-15 (LOX-15), as well as for free radical-scavenging activities. The most active compounds against LOX-15 were also evaluated for activity against the human lipoxygenase-5 (LOX-5). Kinetic studies against AChE, BChE, and β-secretase (BACE-1) were performed on 2-(3-fluorophenyl)- () and 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-[(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)hydrazonomethyl]furo[3,2-]chromen-5-one () complemented with molecular docking (in silico) to determine plausible protein-ligand interactions on a molecular level.

In Vitro Evaluation and Docking Studies of 5-oxo-5-furo[3,2-]chromene-6-carbaldehyde Derivatives as Potential Anti-Alzheimer's Agents.

A series of novel 2-carbo-substituted 5-oxo-5-furo[3,2-]chromene-6-carbaldehydes and their 6-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenylhydrazono derivatives have been prepared and evaluated for biological activity against the human acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). The most active compounds from each series were, in turn, evaluated against the following enzyme targets involved in Alzheimer's disease, β-secretase (BACE-1) and lipoxygenase-15 (LOX-15), as well as for anti-oxidant potential. Based on the in vitro results of ChE and β-secretase inhibition, the kinetic studies were conducted to determine the mode of inhibition by these compounds.

Inhibitory Effects of Novel 7-Substituted 6-iodo-3--Flavonol Glycosides against Cholinesterases and β-secretase Activities, and Evaluation for Potential Antioxidant Properties.

A series of 7-halogeno- (X = F, Cl, Br) and 7-methoxy-substituted acetylated 6-iodo-3--flavonol glycosides were prepared, and evaluated for inhibitory effect in vitro against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activities. 7-Bromo-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-iodo-4-chromen-4-one-3--2,3,4,6-tetraacetyl-β--glucopyranoside () and 7-bromo-6-iodo-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-chromen-4-one-3--2,3,4,6--tetraacetyl-β--glucopyranoside () exhibited significant inhibitory effect against AChE activity when compared to the activity of the reference standard, donepezil. Compound was found to be selective against AChE and to exhibit reduced inhibitory effect against BChE activity.

Hexarelin protects cardiac H9C2 cells from angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy the regulation of autophagy.

Hexarelin is a synthetic growth hormone-releasing peptide that exerts cardioprotective effects. Regulation of autophagy is known to be cardioprotective so this study examined the role of autophagy and potential regulatory mechanisms in hexarelin-elicited anti-cardiac hypertrophic action in cardiomyocytes subjected to hypertrophy. H9C2 cardiomyocytes were subjected to hypertrophy by angiotensin-II (Ang-II).

Anticonvulsant and Neuroprotective Effects of Paeonol in Epileptic Rats.

Paeonol is the main active compound in the root bark extract of the peony tree, and it has antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Recent studies have reported the neuroprotective effects of paeonol including its capacity in improving impaired memory. However, the effect of paeonol on epilepsy is yet to be demystified.

Modulation of PTEN by hexarelin attenuates coronary artery ligation-induced heart failure in rats.

Background/aim: Hexarelin is a synthetic growth hormone-releasing peptide that exerts cardioprotective effects. However, its cardioprotective effect against heart failure (HF) is yet to be explained. This study investigated the therapeutic role of hexarelin and the mechanisms underlying its cardioprotective effects against coronary artery ligation (CAL)-induced HF in rats.

Composition of uroliths in a tertiary hospital in South East Nigeria.

Background: Urolithiasis affects primarily the urinary tract and complications as debilitating as renal failure may develop. Determining the chemical composition of uroliths can aid management and prevention of recurrence in patients.

Objective: To determine the chemical composition and anatomical distribution of uroliths in Nigeria.

Synthesis and Evaluation of the 4-Substituted 2-Hydroxy-5-Iodochalcones and Their 7-Substituted 6-Iodoflavonol Derivatives for Inhibitory Effect on Cholinesterases and β-Secretase.

A series of 2-aryl-3-hydroxy-6-iodo-4-chromen-4-ones substituted at the 7-position with a halogen atom ( = F, Cl and Br) or methoxy group and their corresponding 4-substituted 2-hydroxy-5-iodochalcone precursors were evaluated in vitro for inhibitory effect against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and β-secretase (BACE1) activities. Although moderate inhibitory effect was observed for the chalcones against AChE, derivatives , and exhibited significant inhibitory effect against BChE and BACE-1. The 2-aryl-7-fluoro-8-iodoflavonols and , on the other hand, exhibited increased activity and selectivity against AChE and reduced effect on BACE-1.