[Diagnostic and prognostic significance of biochemical indicators in colorectal neoplasms].

Activities of some enzymes and content of medium-weight molecules in patients with colorectal cancer were studied in order to assess the diagnostic value of these parameters for detection of tumors in the large intestine and development of endogenous intoxication after surgery and for prediction of remote results of treatment. Increased activities of creatine phosphokinase and hexokinase is typical of tumor growth, whereas increased activities of alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase are observed only in metastases to the liver. The role of medium-weight molecules in the diagnosis of endogenous intoxication during the early postoperative period is shown.

[The role of monoamine oxidase in large intestine pathology].

The activity of monoamine oxidase (MAO) was studied during functional, inflammatory and tumoral diseases of the large intestine. In the patients with the irritable colon syndrome, the enzymatic activity was decreased by 34% at the acute stage of the disease and in those with nonspecific ulcerative colitis it was increased by 44%. Follow-ups of MAO activity may serve as an indicator of the adequacy and efficiency of the treatment performed.

[Polymer materials in laparostomy of peritonitis].

Cleansing of the abdominal cavity by the open method-laparostomy and the use of polymer materials-was conducted in 85 patients with generalized peritonitis (mainly due to perforation of a malignant tumor of the colon). With the use of this method the incidence of purulent complications reduced from 50% to 35.2% and mortality from 42% to 25.

[The efficacy of the combined antibacterial treatment of patients with colonic cancer complicated by perifocal inflammation].

In patients with colonic cancer complicated by inflammation since 1989 we have been using irrigations of tumor area with antibacterial drugs (dioxidin, betadin) side by side with conventional antibacterial and detoxicating therapy. The complex antibacterial therapy having been applied in 47 patients eliminated clinical manifestation of inflammatory process. Histological and morphometrical biopsy of tumor tissue and surrounding mucosa gives a reason to conclude that the complex therapy has proved to be effective.

[Loop colostomy in patients with cancer of the colon and rectum].

At the clinic of Scientific Research Institute of Proctology, Ministry of Public Health of Armenia, in 97 patients with complicated cancer of the colon and rectum, a two-barrel loop colostomy was created for the recent 10 years. Use of intraperitoneal method contributed to 3-fold decrease in incidence of postoperative purulent complications. Irrigation of a tumour site with antibacterial preparations in perifocal inflammation of colonic cancer together with carrying out the complex antibacterial therapy permits to perform the radical operations.

[Cytometric analysis of neoplastic processes in the large intestine].

Examinations of macroscopically intact mucosa, of adenomas with various dysplasia degrees, and of adenocarcinoma have helped single out cytometric parameters and a number of morphologic characteristics describing the proliferation processes in the large intestine. Variability of the nuclear shape and size, the mitotic activity of the glandular epithelium, and the volumic fraction of proliferating DNA-synthesizing cells are characteristic of malignant processes.

[Treatment of polyps and villous tumors of the large intestine].

Polyps and villous tumors were found in 1525 of 10624 patients (14.3%) aged from 40 to 60. In 82% of the cases they were in combination with ulcer disease of the stomach and duodenum, with inflammatory diseases of the gastro-intestinal tract, diverticulitis, tumors of the colon.