Exploiting Bacterial Pigmentation for Non-Destructive Detection of Seed-Borne Pathogens by Using Photoacoustic Techniques.

Seed-borne pathogens pose a significant threat to global food security. This study focuses on pv. (), a quarantine plant pathogen causing bacterial wilt of common beans.

Lemierre Syndrome Associated with and Atypical Vascular Involvement: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Lemierre syndrome is a rare and life-threatening disease. It is characterized by septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein, historically associated with infection. However, atypical cases and associations with other organisms have been reported.

Preparing radiology residents for breast MRI: A dual-site, resident-as-teacher feasibility project.

Purpose: To assess the impact of a faculty-mentored, resident-as-teacher theoretical-practical breast MRI (B-MRI) course on the reporting completeness and accuracy of "trainee" radiology residents (RRs) with basic or no experience in conventional breast imaging (CBI) and the personal skills and critical thinking of experienced, "teacher" RRs.

Methods: Six teacher-RRs from the Udine University residency program (URP) preliminarily selected and reported 55 B-MRI cases under faculty supervision. Twelve trainee-RRs (six from Udine URP and six from Vienna URP, with basic and no experience in CBI, respectively) underwent seven days of self-study on selected material, followed by a pre-training reporting test (pre-TRT) on 15 of the 55 B-MRI cases.

Rapid determination of phenolic composition in chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.

Flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids are the main responsible of the antioxidant activity of chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.). Traditional methods for the analysis of the phenolic content in vegetables often suffer from limitations such as being expensive, time-consuming, and complex.

Photon- and Singlet-Oxygen-Induced Cis-Trans Isomerization of the Water-Soluble Carotenoid Crocin.

Studying the cis-trans isomerization process in crocin (CR), one of the few water-soluble carotenoids extracted from saffron, is important to better understand the physiological role of cis-carotenoids in vivo and their potential as antioxidants in therapeutic applications. For that, cis-trans isomerization of both methanol- and water-dissolved CR was induced by light or thermally generated singlet oxygen (O). The kinetics of molecular concentrations were monitored by both high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and non-destructive spectrophotometric methods.

Non-destructive fluorescence sensing for assessing microclimate, site and defoliation effects on flavonol dynamics and sugar prediction in Pinot blanc grapes.

In an era of growing international competition in modern viticulture, the study and implementation of innovative technologies to increase the production of high-quality grapes and wines are of critical importance. In this study, the non-destructive portable sensor Multiplex, based on fluorescence sensing technique, was applied to evaluate grape maturity parameters and flavonol content of the understudied Pinot blanc variety. The effects of environmental and agronomical factors on flavonol content of Pinot blanc grapes were investigated in eight vineyards characterised by different microclimatic and agronomic conditions.

Retrieving the Scopoletin Fluorescence Excitation Band Allows the Non-invasive Investigation of the Plant-Pathogen Early Events in Tobacco Leaves.

In this study, we developed and applied a new spectroscopic fluorescence method for the detection of the early events in the interaction between tobacco ( L.) plants and pathogenic bacteria. The leaf disks were infiltrated with a bacterial suspension in sterile physiological solution (SPS), or with SPS alone as control.

Valorization of waste cabbage leaves by postharvest photochemical treatments monitored with a non-destructive fluorescence-based sensor.

The biosynthesis of polyphenolic compounds in cabbage waste, outer green leaves of white head cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata subvar.

Application of a Combined Transmittance/Fluorescence Leaf Clip Sensor for the Nondestructive Determination of Nitrogen Status in White Cabbage Plants.

The correct fertilization of vegetable crops is commonly determined on the basis of soil and plant costly destructive analyses, demanding more sustainable non-invasive optical detection. Here, we tested the ability of the combined transmittance/fluorescence leaf clip Dualex device for determining the nitrogen (N) status of cabbage plants. Fully developed leaves from plants grown under different N rates of 0; 100; 200; 300 kg N ha in 2018 and 2019 were measured in the field by the Dualex sensor twice a year in July and October.

Tips and tricks for writing a scientific manuscript.

An original scientific manuscript is the target for any researchers whose aim is to show the innovative results arising from the original intuitions that drove all their experiments. Time and patience are essential to decide how to present the data, how to conceive the tables and figures representing the main outcomes of the research, and how to read and mention the necessary references. Few basic rules may help in this difficult task.

Rehabilitation protocol after simultaneous anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and high tibial osteotomy: introducing the concept of the individualized approach.

Postoperative rehabilitation after simultaneous anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and opening wedge high tibial osteotomy is a complex concept. Different osteotomy techniques, extremely selected patients, high expectations in returning to previous sport activities, and the different individual physical profile and performances make traditional chronological criteria impractical and unfeasible. This study presents a novel rehabilitation in which functional objective criteria are considered the key factors for standardizing a 4-step protocol.

Periprosthetic osteolysis: a narrative review.

Periprosthetic osteolysis is still one of the major limitations of prosthetic joints longevity. The process of this "silent" iatrogenic disease involves both mechanical and biological factors that initiate a local immune response in the periprosthetic tissue that eventually lead to implant loosening and failure. There are many causes of the primary aseptic loosening inside the periprosthetic microenvironment, but the most important elements are the wear debris and the cell-particle interactions.

Comparing different approaches in robotic-assisted surgery for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: outcomes at a short-term follow-up of MAKO versus NAVIO system.

The popularity of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) continues to grow among orthopaedic surgeons and robotic surgery may be helpful in obtaining a precise placement of the prosthetic components, thanks to the meticulous intra-operative computer study for simulating the prosthetic positioning. This may lead to longer implant survivorship as well as a reduction in intermediate and long-term prosthetic complications, despite the initial greater costs than those of manual UKA. In this preliminary study, from January 2017 and October 2017, 18 patients underwent UKA with MAKO robotic system assistance and 10 patients received UKA with NAVIO robotic system assistance.

When math meets surgery: how to improve femoral interference screw alignment in ACL reconstruction. A cadaveric study.

Transtibial femoral tunnel drilling is still an alternative technique in ACL reconstruction. Femoral interference screw divergence is a potential pitfall associated with transtibial tunnel technique, as angles greater than 15° jeopardize graft fixation. Our mathematical model theorizes the proper degrees of knee flexion during femoral screw insertion and the correct screwdriver position to obtain a minimal divergence of the screw in the femoral tunnel.

Are Flavonoids Effective Antioxidants in Plants? Twenty Years of Our Investigation.

Whether flavonoids play significant antioxidant roles in plants challenged by photooxidative stress of different origin has been largely debated over the last few decades. A critical review of the pertinent literature and our experimentation as well, based on a free-of-scale approach, support an important antioxidant function served by flavonoids in plants exposed to a wide range of environmental stressors, the significance of which increases with the severity of stress. On the other side, some questions need conclusive answers when the putative antioxidant functions of plant flavonoids are examined at the level of both the whole-cell and cellular organelles.

Short-Term Pre-Harvest UV-B Supplement Enhances the Polyphenol Content and Antioxidant Capacity of Leaves during Storage.

(basil) leaves are rich in polyphenols, conferring them a high antioxidant activity. The application of UV-B can be used to maintain the post-harvest nutraceutical quality of basil leaves. We aimed to investigate the effects of pre-harvest UV-B application on polyphenolic and pigment contents, antioxidant capacity, and the visual quality of basil stored leaves.

Unveiling the shade nature of cyanic leaves: A view from the "blue absorbing side" of anthocyanins.

Anthocyanins have long been suggested as having great potential in offering photoprotection to plants facing high light irradiance. Nonetheless, their effective ability in protecting the photosynthetic apparatus from supernumerary photons has been questioned by some authors, based upon the inexact belief that anthocyanins almost exclusively absorb green photons, which are poorly absorbed by chlorophylls. Here we focus on the blue light absorbing features of anthocyanins, a neglected issue in anthocyanin research.

Fluorescence-Sensor Mapping for the in Vineyard Non-Destructive Assessment of Crimson Seedless Table Grape Quality.

Non-destructive tools for the in situ evaluation of vine fruit quality and vineyard management can improve the market value of table grape. We proposed a new approach based on a portable fluorescence sensor to map the ripening level of Crimson Seedless table grape in five different plots in the East, Central-North and South of the Macedonia Region of Greece. The sensor provided indices of ripening and color such as SFR and ANTH correlated to the chlorophyll and anthocyanin berry contents, respectively.

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There is a large potential in Europe for valorization in the vegetable food supply chain. For example, there is occasionally overproduction of tomatoes for fresh consumption, and a fraction of the production is unsuited for fresh consumption sale (unacceptable color, shape, maturity, lesions, etc.).

Active receptor tyrosine kinases, but not Brachyury, are sufficient to trigger chordoma in zebrafish.

The aberrant activation of developmental processes triggers diverse cancer types. Chordoma is a rare, aggressive tumor arising from transformed notochord remnants. Several potentially oncogenic factors have been found to be deregulated in chordoma, yet causation remains uncertain.

Multiple Consequences Induced by Epidermally-Located Anthocyanins in Young, Mature and Senescent Leaves of .

Anthocyanic morphs are generally less efficient in terms of carbon gain, but, in turn, are more photoprotected than anthocyanin-less ones. To date, mature leaves of different morphs or leaves at different developmental stages within the same species have generally been compared, whereas there is a lack of knowledge regarding different stages of development of red . green leaves.