Platelet microRNAs as Potential Novel Biomarkers for Antiplatelet Therapy with P2Y Inhibitors and Their Association with Platelet Function.

Introduction: Patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) require dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). However, the response to treatment can vary considerably. Certain platelet microRNAs (miRs) are suspected to predict DAPT response and influence platelet function.

Application of Priming Strategy for Enhanced Paclitaxel Biosynthesis in × Hairy Root Cultures.

Despite huge progress in biotechnological approaches to paclitaxel production, spp. in vitro culture productivity still remains a challenge. This could be solved by developing a new strategy engaging mechanisms of the primed defence response joined with subsequent elicitation treatment to circumvent limitations in paclitaxel biosynthesis.

The Diagnostic and Therapeutic Potential of Galectin-3 in Cardiovascular Diseases.

Galectin-3 plays a prominent role in chronic inflammation and has been implicated in the development of many disease conditions, including heart disease. Galectin-3, a regulatory protein, is elevated in both acute and chronic heart failure and is involved in the inflammatory pathway after injury leading to myocardial tissue remodelling. We discussed the potential utility of galectin-3 as a diagnostic and disease severity/prognostic biomarker in different cardio/cerebrovascular diseases, such as acute ischemic stroke, acute coronary syndromes, heart failure and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy.

A Review of the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Cardiac Fibrosis and Atrial Fibrillation.

The cellular and molecular mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrosis are highly complex. We have reviewed the literature that covers the effectors, signal transduction and physiopathogenesis concerning extracellular matrix (ECM) dysregulation and atrial fibrosis in atrial fibrillation (AF). At the molecular level: angiotensin II, transforming growth factor-β1, inflammation, and oxidative stress are particularly important for ECM dysregulation and atrial fibrotic remodelling in AF.

Changes in MicroRNA Expression during Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV) Infection.

Current knowledge on the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) infection and the pathogenesis of rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHD) is still limited. RHDV replicates in the liver, causing hepatic necrosis and liver failure. MiRNAs are a class of short RNA molecules, and their expression profiles vary over the course of diseases, both in the tissue environment and in the bloodstream.

MicroRNAs in the development of left ventricular remodeling and postmyocardial infarction heart failure.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) induces unfavorable left ventricular remodeling (LVR), a complex process that involves molecular, cellular, and geometric alterations leading to important changes in heart structure and function. Heart failure (HF) is a frequent complication of AMI, and it remains a serious clinical, epidemiological, and economic challenge. Despite advances in the therapy and management of HF, many patients still suffer from severe symptoms.