Lipidome of extracellular vesicles from Giardia lamblia.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) (exossomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies) have been well acknowledged as mediators of intercellular communications in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Lipids are essential molecular components of EVs but at the moment the knowledge about the lipid composition and the function of lipids in EVs is limited and as for now none lipidomic studies in Giardia EVs was described. Therefore, the focus of the current study was to conduct, for the first time, the characterization of the polar lipidome, namely phospholipid and sphingolipid profiles of G.

Molecular investigation of ready-to-eat salads for and spp. in Portugal.

Foodborne outbreaks are often associated with the consumption of salads. However, published studies on the detection of foodborne pathogens in ready-to-eat salads are scarce. The aim of this study was to detect and DNA in ready-to-eat salads, by applying techniques of molecular biology to study the frequency of contamination in salads.

Protozoa-Derived Extracellular Vesicles on Intercellular Communication with Special Emphasis on .

Parasitic diseases are an important worldwide problem threatening human health and affect millions of people. Acute diarrhea, intestinal bleeding, malabsorption of nutrients and nutritional deficiency are some of the issues related to intestinal parasitic infections. Parasites are experts in subvert the host immune system through different kinds of mechanisms.

Giardia lamblia Decreases NF-κB p65 Protein Levels and Modulates LPS-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Response in Macrophages.

The protozoan Giardia lamblia is the most common cause of parasitic gastrointestinal infection worldwide. The parasite developed sophisticated, yet not completely disclosed, mechanisms to escape immune system and growth in the intestine. To further understand the interaction of G.