An exploratory study of dialectical behaviour therapy for emotional dysregulation and challenging behaviours after acquired brain injury.

Background: Challenging behaviours and emotional dysregulation are common sequelae of acquired brain injury (ABI), but treatment remain underdeveloped. Dialectical behaviour therapy is an evidence-based therapy for emotional dysregulation.

Objective: To explore the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of dialectical behaviour therapy for ABI.

A pilot rating system to evaluate the quality of goal attainment scales used as outcome measures in rehabilitation.

Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS) is a method for writing person-centred approach evaluation scales that can be used as an outcome measure in clinical or research settings in rehabilitation. To be used in a research setting, it requires a high methodological quality approach. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility and reliability of the GAS quality rating system, to ensure that GAS scales used as outcome measures are valid and reliable.

Compassion focused therapy for self-stigma and shame in autism: a single case pre-experimental study.

Introduction: Exposure to public stigma can lead to the internalization of autism-related stigma (i.e., self-stigma), associated with negative health, occupational and social outcomes.

Comprehensive assessment of executive functioning following childhood severe traumatic brain injury: clinical utility of the child executive functions battery.

Objectives: To perform a detailed description of executive functioning following moderate-to-severe childhood traumatic brain injury (TBI), and to study demographic and severity factors influencing outcome.

Methods: A convenience sample of children/adolescents aged 7-16 years, referred to a rehabilitation department after a TBI ( = 43), was compared to normative data using a newly developed neuropsychological test battery (Child Executive Functions Battery-CEF-B) and the BRIEF.

Results: Performance in the TBI group was significantly impaired in most of the CEF-B subtests, with moderate to large effect sizes.

Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance to improve occupational performance goals for children with executive function deficits after acquired brain injury.

Aim: To determine the effectiveness of the Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) approach in improving the occupational performance goals of children and young people with executive function deficits after acquired brain injury (ABI) (e.g. etiologies such as stroke, encephalitis, brain tumor, and traumatic brain injury).

Daily socket comfort in transtibial amputee with a vacuum-assisted suspension system: study protocol of a randomized, multicenter, double-blind multiple N-of-1 trial.

Background: The main aim of this paper is to present the feasibility of rigorously designed multiple N-of-1 design in prosthetics research. While research of adequate power and high quality is often lacking in rehabilitation, N-of-1 trials can offer a feasible alternative to randomized controlled group trials, both increasing design power at group level and allowing a rigorous, statistically confirmed evaluation of effectiveness at a single patient level. The paper presents a multiple N-of-1 trial protocol, which aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of Unity, a prosthetic add-on suspension system for amputees, on patient-reported comfort during daily activities (main outcome measure), prosthesis wearing time, perception of limb-prosthesis fitting and stump volume and functional walking parameters.

Goal Attainment Scaling in rehabilitation: An educational review providing a comprehensive didactical tool box for implementing Goal Attainment Scaling.

Context: Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS) is a person-centered and collaborative approach, allowing to assess the effectiveness of an intervention on personally relevant goals. However, GAS is not a "scale" but a heterogeneous group of methodologies, including many variations and lack of consensus on high quality GAS.

Objective: The aim of this communication is to: 1.

How to assess and take into account trend in single-case experimental design data.

One of the data features that are expected to be assessed when analyzing single-case experimental designs (SCED) data is trend. The current text deals with four different questions that applied researchers can ask themselves when assessing trend and especially when dealing with improving baseline trend: (a) What options exist for assessing the presence of trend?; (b) Once assessed, what criterion can be followed for deciding whether it is necessary to control for baseline trend?; (c) What strategy can be followed for controlling for baseline trend?; and (d) How to proceed in case there is baseline trend only in some A-B comparisons? Several options are reviewed for each of these questions in the context of real data, and tentative recommendations are provided. A new user-friendly website is developed to implement the options for fitting a trend line and a criterion for selecting a specific technique for that purpose.

Single-case experimental designs for child neurological rehabilitation and developmental disability research.

Single-case experimental designs (SCEDs) are a group of methodologies of growing interest, aiming to test the effectiveness of an intervention at the single-participant level, using a rigorous and prospective methodology. SCEDs may promote flexibility on how we design research protocols and inform clinical decision-making, especially for personalized outcome measures, inclusion of families with challenging needs, measurement of children's progress in relation to parental implementation of interventions, and focus on personal goals. Design options for SCEDs are discussed in relation to an expected on/off effect of the intervention (e.

Improving autobiographical memory in schizophrenia using wearable cameras: A single-case experimental study.

Autobiographical memory (AM) impairments influence both sense of identity and social functioning of patients with schizophrenia. However, cognitive remediation methods addressing these difficulties do not sufficiently consider the heterogeneity of this disorder and frequently face methodological limitations. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of a method using a wearable camera (NarrativeClip®), through an alternating treatments design across two types of AM training.

Exploring the use of the Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance approach (CO-OP) with children with executive functions deficits after severe acquired brain injury: A single case experimental design study.

Unlabelled: Children with acquired brain injury (ABI) often have cognitive and behavioral impairments that affect participation in everyday activities. Among them, executive function (EF) deficits are frequent. Cognitive Orientation to Daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) is an individualized treatment that teaches cognitive strategies necessary to support successful performance.

Charlie Chaplin and gesture training in severe aphasia: A controlled double-blind single-case experimental design.

Background: Aphasia following a stroke is a frequent and disabling condition that decreases quality of life. The use of gesture has been proposed as a way to enhance aphasia recovery.

Objective: We aimed to explore whether 2 types of gesture interventions could improve communication in individuals with severe aphasia.

Cognitive Training Targeting Planning Dysfunction in Adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome: Brief Report of a Study Protocol.

: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a neurodevelopmental genetic disorder involving executive deficits notably with planning. The main objective of the study is to assess the effectiveness of cognitive training on daily life planning difficulties in PWS patients. : The study is a double-blind randomized controlled trial which will compare the effectiveness of a metacognitive strategy intervention designed to improve planning difficulties for PWS patients to usual occupational therapy.

Single-case experimental designs to assess intervention effectiveness in rehabilitation: A practical guide.

Single-case experimental designs (SCED) are experimental designs aiming at testing the effect of an intervention using a small number of patients (typically one to three), using repeated measurements, sequential (±randomized) introduction of an intervention and method-specific data analysis, including visual analysis and specific statistics. The aim of this paper is to familiarise professionals working in different fields of rehabilitation with SCEDs and provide practical advice on how to design and implement a SCED in clinical rehabilitation practice. Research questions suitable for SCEDs and the different types of SCEDs (e.

Ecological Assessment of Everyday Executive Functioning at Home and at School Following Childhood Traumatic Brain Injury Using the BRIEF Questionnaire.

Objectives: To describe dysexecutive symptoms in children with traumatic brain injury (TBI) using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF); to compare parent- and teacher-ratings, to analyze the differential impairment in the BRIEF subscales, and factors influencing outcome.

Participants: Children aged 5 to 18 years 11 months, referred to a rehabilitation department following TBI.

Outcome Measures: Parent- and teacher reports of the BRIEF.

Prospective memory 7 years after severe childhood traumatic brain injury - the TGE 2 prospective longitudinal study.

Objective: To investigate the long-term outcome in prospective memory (PM), seven years after childhood severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), in a prospective longitudinal cohort.

Participants: 76 young individuals (aged 7-22 years): 39 patients with a severe accidental TBI included prospectively seven years earlier, aged 0-15 years at injury, and 37 controls individually matched on age, gender and parental education.

Main Outcome Measures: Three novel short PM tasks varying in the delay, motivation and context (ecological versus paper and pencil task).

Executive function after severe childhood traumatic brain injury - Age-at-injury vulnerability periods: The TGE prospective longitudinal study.

Background: Executive function (EF) impairment is a major predictor of overall outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI severity is a factor of poor outcome, but most studies include a majority of children with mild and moderate TBI. The aims of this study were to estimate EF impairment after severe childhood TBI and to explore factors predicting EF outcome.

Proposed Criteria for Appraising Goal Attainment Scales Used as Outcome Measures in Rehabilitation Research.

Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS) is a method for writing personalized evaluation scales to quantify progress toward defined rehabilitation goals. In the published literature, GAS methodology is used with different levels of rigor, ranging from precisely written GAS scales that ensure minimal bias and explicitly describe 5 levels of goal attainment to subjective ratings of goal attainment by adjectives (eg, worse/better than expected), which are transformed into a T score, wrongly giving the reader the impression of a truly standardized, interval scale. A drawback of GAS methodology is that it is highly dependent on the ability of the GAS setting team/person to generate valid, reliable, and meaningful scales; therefore, reliability and validity of GAS scales are idiosyncratic to each study.

Ecological prospective memory assessment in children with acquired brain injury using the Children's Cooking Task.

Prospective memory (PM) has been shown to be impaired in children with acquired brain injuries (ABI) and is a major concern for parents. Few studies have addressed this issue and most used tasks that are not ecologically valid. The aims of this study were (1) to explore if children who have sustained an ABI suffer PM impairment, measured both by the Children's Cooking task (CCT) PM score and using the 2 PM subtests of the Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test (RBMT), and (2) to explore if the CCT PM score is sensitive to developmental changes in PM in typically developing children and in children with ABI.

Self-awareness assessment during cognitive rehabilitation in children with acquired brain injury: a feasibility study and proposed model of child anosognosia.

Purpose: To compare three ways of assessing self-awareness in children with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to propose a model of child anosognosia.

Method: Five single cases of children with severe TBI, aged 8-14, undergoing metacognitive training. Awareness was assessed using three different measures: two measures of metacognitive knowledge/intellectual awareness (a questionnaire and illustrated stories where child characters have everyday problems related to their executive dysfunction) and one measure of on-line/emergent awareness (post-task appraisal of task difficulty).

Context-sensitive goal management training for everyday executive dysfunction in children after severe traumatic brain injury.

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of a metacognitive training intervention, based on an adapted Goal Management Training and Ylvisaker's principles, on 3 activity domains of executive functions: (1) prospective memory (PM) performance in ecological setting, (2) complex cooking task management, and (3) daily executive functioning (EF) at home and at school.

Participants: Five children aged 8 to 14 years, who were 3 to 11 years post-severe traumatic brain injury, experiencing severe EF difficulties in daily life.

Design: Single-case experimental design and assessment of EF twice prior to intervention, postintervention, and 3 and 6 months postintervention.

Goal Management Training for rehabilitation of executive functions: a systematic review of effectiveness in patients with acquired brain injury.

Purpose: To determine if Goal Management Training (GMT) is effective for the rehabilitation of executive functions following brain injury when administered alone or in combination with other interventions.

Method: Systematic review, with quality appraisal specific to executive functions research and calculation of effect sizes.

Results: Twelve studies were included.