Application of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis in Weight Management of Children with Spina Bifida.

Background: Children with spina bifida (SB) face an elevated risk of obesity, which necessitates precise methods for assessing body composition to ensure effective weight management. Conventional measures like BMI are inadequate for this population because of variations in growth patterns and skeletal structure. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a method that offers a clearer picture of body composition, yet its use in children with SB remains underexplored.

An Examination of the Relationship between Urinary Neurotrophin Concentrations and Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) Used in Pediatric Overactive Bladder Therapy.

This article aims to explore changes in urinary concentrations of selected neurotrophins in the course of TENS therapy in children with overactive bladder (OAB). A two-group open-label prospective study was conducted. The intervention group comprised 30 children aged between 5 and 12 years old with OAB refractory to conservative therapy.

Non-invasive markers in the management of pediatric neurogenic bladder over the last two decades - A review.

Neurogenic bladder (NB) is one of the most challenging problems in nephro-urological management in pediatrics. It is an important risk factor of secondary upper urinary tract damage. A complete clinical evaluation is necessary and requires life-long extensive medical attention including invasive procedures that affect patients' quality of life.

eGFR values and selected renal urine biomarkers in preterm neonates with uncomplicated clinical course.

Background: Diagnosing acute kidney injury (AKI) in preterm newborns, who are particularly susceptible to renal damage, is a serious challenge as there is no definite consensus about the diagnostic criteria.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to measure the values for selected urinary biomarkers and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) among a population of preterm infants with uncomplicated clinical course as well as to determine whether these markers depend on birth weight (BW), gestational age (GA), postnatal age (PNA), or gender.

Material And Methods: The prospective study was carried out in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

The role of vitamin D replacement therapy in serum FGF23 concentration in children with myelomeningocele compared with healthy children - a preliminary study.

Background Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a recently discovered bone-derived regulator of vitamin D metabolism and phosphate homeostasis. It inhibits phosphate reabsorption and calcitriol production by the kidney. Myelomeningocele (MMC) remains the most severe form of neural tube defects involving serious locomotor disability, osteoporosis and pathologic fractures.

The role of appetite-regulating hormones: Ghrelin and leptin in the nutritional status of children with neurogenic bladder due to myelomeningocele.

Aim: We wanted to investigate serum levels of ghrelin and leptin - appetite-regulating hormones - and their correlation with the nutritional status of children with neurogenic bladder (NB) due to myelomeningocele (MMC) in comparison to healthy individuals.

Methods: This prospective analysis was conducted on 67 children with NB after MMC and 20 healthy children. Children's medical charts were analysed to determine age, gender, anthropometric measurements, body mass index (BMI), activity assessment using Hoffer's scale and renal function parameters.

Retrospective evaluation of early risk factors in children with different types of micturition disorders.

Aim: The aetiology of micturition disorders in children is multifactorial and still unclear. The perinatal factors may play a role in the development of children's urinary incontinence. We compared each type of micturition disorders in terms of length of gestation, birthweight, family history of bedwetting and delivery type.

Urodynamic Findings and Renal Function in Children with Neurogenic Bladder after Myelomeningocele.

Introduction: Myelomeningocele (MMC) is a congenital central nervous system malformation caused by a failure of the neurulation process in early pregnancy. Patients with MMC present many abnormalities and the nervous, skeletal and urinary systems are the most affected. The aim of this study was to clinically evaluate patients with MMC, estimate renal and lower urinary tract (LUT) function and to ascertain whether urodynamic findings can predict the deterioration of urinary tract function.

The assessment of thiol status in children with neurogenic bladder caused by meningomyelocele.

Purpose: Oxidative stress can cause tissue damage in many diseases. Oxidative status depends on the balance between total oxygen radical absorbance capacity and antioxidants. Neurogenic bladder (NB) is a special state where oxidative status can influence urinary tract function.

Asymmetric and symmetric dimethylarginine in adolescents with hyperuricemia.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this work was to investigate if in adolescents with hyperuricemia serum levels of asymmetric and symmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA, SDMA) are increased and if their levels correlate with serum uric acid (UA).

Patients And Methods: The study group consisted of 58 hyperuricemic patients aged median 16.15 Q1-Q3 (14-17).

Urinary MMP-9/NGAL ratio as a potential marker of FSGS in nephrotic children.

Background: The study was undertaken to develop a potential new markers for distinguishing minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in children. We hypothesized that matrix metalloproteinase-9/neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (MMP-9/NGAL) is a better marker of focal sclerosis in the glomerulus then matrix metalloproteinase-9/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-9/TIMP-1) and matrix metalloproteinase-2/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 MMP2/TIMP-2.

Methods: The present study used a sample of 36 children and adolescents subdivided into two groups: I - 20 children with MCNS, subjected to examination twice: A - in relapse of nephrotic syndrome, before treatment and B - after regression of proteinuria; II - 16 children with FSGS.

Urinary nerve growth factor level in children with neurogenic bladder due to myelomeningocele.

Objective: Myelomeningocele is the most common physically disabling birth defect in humans. It is caused by the failure of the neural tube to close and is most common in the lumbosacral area. Because of associated neurogenic bladder dysfunction, children with myelomeningocele have an increased risk of urinary tract infections and, ultimately, of kidney damage.

[Serum and urinary homocysteine in children with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome].

Unlabelled: Hyperhomocysteinemia is independent risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. Similarly to nephrotic syndrome (NS) predisposes to vein thrombosis.

The Aim Of The Study: To evaluate serum and urinary total homocysteine (stHcy and utHcy) levels in children with the symptoms of SN, and to determine a correlation between its concentration and some parameters of hemostasis, as well as doses and the time of prednisone therapy and serum cortisol level.

Assessment of lithogenic risk in children based on a morning spot urine sample.

Purpose: The Bonn Risk Index has been used to evaluate the risk of urinary calcium oxalate stone formation. According to the original method, risk should be determined based on 24-hour urine collection. We studied whether the Bonn Risk Index could be measured in spot urine samples and which part of the day is most suitable for this purpose.

[Serum and urinary concentration of selected metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in children with vesicoureteral reflux].

Unlabelled: Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in children may lead to the renal fibrosis and scarring due to the overproduction and accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins (ECM) in interstitial tissue. Metalloproteinases produced in the kidneys are called biological markers of fibrosis. THE AIM OF THE STUDY was to assess if the presence of VUR in children disturb the balance between the serum and urinary concentrations of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 and their tissue inhibitors 1 (TIMP-1) and 2 (TIMP-2) and predispose to excessive renal fibrosis.

[Urinary laminin and fibronectin level in children with nephritic syndrome].

Unlabelled: Laminin (LN) and fibronectin (FN) are important extra cellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Disturbance between production and degradation of ECM proteins contributes to renal scarring. The aim of the study was evaluation the levels of urinary LN and FN in children with proteinuria in nephrotic syndrome (NS).

Spontaneous urinary calcium oxalate crystallization in hypercalciuric children.

Idiopathic hypercalciuria is the most important predisposing risk factor for calcium oxalate (CaOx) renal stone formation. We assessed the associations between spontaneous CaOx crystallization based on the Bonn Risk Index (BRI), urinary pH, calciuria, oxaluria, and citraturia in 140 Caucasian patients with hypercalciuria, aged 4-17 years, and compared the findings with those in 210 normocalciuric controls. Of the 140 hypercalciuric patients, 58 had renal stones, and 82 had recurrent erythrocyturia, renal colic, or urinary obstructive symptoms-but without stones.

[Evaluation of inflammatory and renal injury markers in youngest children with pyelonephritis].

Unlabelled: Pyelonephritis (PN) is frequent bacterial infections in young infants and very important because may cause parenchymal scarring. Early confirmation of bacterial infection and application the appropriate treatment before obtaining result of urine culture, reduce probability of parenchymal scarring.

The Aim Of The Study: To evaluate the useful of inflammatory and renal injury markers: serum procalcitonin (PCT), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and injury renal marker alpha1--microglobulin (A1M) measurement, in comparison with C-reactive protein concentration and abnormal urinary tract, in neonates and young infants with pyelonephritis.

[The evaluation of urinary tract dysfunction in children with monosymptomatic primary nocturnal enuresis].

Unlabelled: The reason for our search was various investigations about urinary tract dysfunctions in enuretic children.

Aim: The aim of our study was estimation of lover urinary tract function in children with monosymptomatic primary nocturnal enuresis without positive reaction for a long non pharmacological therapy.

Material And Methods: 54 children after 9-12 months behavioral therapy and short pharmacological treatment (desmopresin) was undergoing urodynamic investigation (uroflowmetry and cystometry).

[Analysis of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) course in children].

Unlabelled: A small number of reports evaluating early effects of vesicoureteral reflux conservative therapy in children, based on antibacterial prophylaxis combined with correction of the of lower urinary tract function inspired us to perform the study. THE AIM OF THE STUDY was to assess the effects of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) management in children according to grade, sex and way of treatment.

Material And Methods: The study group consisted of 108 children, who were treated in 2000-2007 due to VUR.

Reference values of plasma oxalate in children and adolescents.

Oxalate homeostasis is a derivative of absorption and transportation in the digestive system and renal/intestinal excretion of oxalate. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to determine normative values of plasma oxalate in relation to age, gender, and body size. A group of 1,260 healthy Caucasian children and adolescents aged 3 months to 18 years [mean +/- standard deviation (SD) 10.