An interventional study to assess the impact of behavior modification therapy on motivation level for tobacco cessation among adult tobacco users in a resettlement colony of South Delhi.

Background: Tobacco use remains a significant global health challenge, contributing to 8 million annual deaths and potentially reaching 1 billion deaths in the 21 century. Despite taking efforts like India's National Tobacco Control Program, the country faces a persistent 39% tobacco use prevalence, particularly in low-income communities like those from Madanpur Khadar, Delhi. This study explores the effectiveness of behavior modification therapy in addressing this challenge.

30-day Morbidity and Mortality after Cholecystectomy for Benign Gallbladder Disease (AMBROSE): A Prospective, International Collaborative Cohort Study.

Objective: This study aimed to assess 30-day morbidity and mortality rates following cholecystectomy for benign gallbladder disease and identify the factors associated with complications.

Summary Background Data: Although cholecystectomy is common for benign gallbladder disease, there is a gap in the knowledge of the current practice and variations on a global level.

Methods: A prospective, international, observational collaborative cohort study of consecutive patients undergoing cholecystectomy for benign gallbladder disease from participating hospitals in 57 countries between January 1 and June 30, 2022, was performed.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: CREATING NEW PARADIGMS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES.

The role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in medical science is growing immensely. Since AI contains features that can address both preventive and therapeutic aspects of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), it can potentially lessen the massive burden of morbidity and mortality associated with NCDs. AI can help in various ways in NCDs including predicting disease occurrence, monitoring, ensuring treatment and follow-up of patients.

Study on impact of flexible endoscopy training course for surgeons in India.

Context: Competence in flexible endoscopy is essential for all surgeons during this era of minimal access surgery. However, fewer surgeons have expertise in endoscopy due to a lack of training and interest. The Indian Association of Gastrointestinal Endo Surgeons devised a short-structured training course in the art and science of endoscopy.

A mixed method study to assess notification of tuberculosis patients by private practitioners in New Delhi, India.

Background: A staggering one million tuberculosis (TB) cases are missing from notification, most of them being diagnosed and treated in the private sector. To curb this issue, the Government of India declared TB as a notifiable disease and NIKSHAY was launched in 2012. However, even after years of implementation, as per the report published by TB India 2020, the proportion of private case notification of total TB cases is very low.

Assessment of frontline health workers in providing services for malaria elimination in the tribal district of Mandla, Madhya Pradesh.

Background: The Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) and Auxiliary Nurse Midwives (ANMs) are the frontline health staff that provide essential health care services, including diagnosis and treatment of malaria. To support India's malaria-free goal by 2030, a project known as the Malaria Elimination Demonstration Project (MEDP) in the tribal district of Mandla was initiated. This study assessed the capabilities of ASHAs and ANMs of Mandla district to diagnose and treat malaria.

Household transmission dynamics of COVID-19 among residents of Delhi, India: a prospective case-ascertained study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to observe the secondary infection rate and transmission dynamics of COVID-19 among household contacts, and their associations with various factors across four dimensions of interaction.

Methods: This was a case-ascertained study among unvaccinated household contacts of a laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 case in New Delhi between December 2020 and July 2021. For this study, 99 index cases and their 316 household contacts were interviewed and sampled (blood and oro-nasal swab) on days 1, 7, 14, and 28.

Evaluation of 30-day morbidity and mortality of laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a multicenter prospective observational Indian Association of Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons (IAGES) Study.

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the standard of care for benign gallstone disease. There are no robust Indian data on the 30-day morbidity and mortality of this procedure. A prospective multicentre observational study was conducted by the Indian Association of Gastro-Intestinal Endo Surgeons (IAGES) to assess the 30-day morbidity and mortality of LC in India.

Burden of iodine deficiency disorders and its association with various sociodemographic variables in a district of North East India.

Introduction: Iodine is one such micronutrient, the deficiency of which can impair the mental growth and development of young children and is the leading cause of preventable mental impairment. The present study has been conducted to study the prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs) and its association with various sociodemographic variables among children (6-12 years) residing in the East Khasi Hills district of Meghalaya.

Methods: The sample size was 2700 with a multistage 30 cluster sampling method.

Practice and short-term outcomes in ventral hernia repair: a prospective multicenter data audit of Indian Association of Gastrointestinal Endo Surgeons Research Collaborative.

Introduction: There is considerable variation in the practice of ventral hernia repair (VHR). Consequently, both short- and long-term outcomes are different. We report the first multicenter data from India on the variations in procedures and short-term outcomes after ventral hernia repair.

Assessment of the knowledge, preferences and concern regarding the prospective COVID-19 vaccine among adults residing in New Delhi, India - A cross-sectional study.

Background: Understanding the perception and concerns of people about COVID-19 vaccine in developing and populous country like India will help in understanding demand for the vaccine and further tailoring out public health information and education activities. The study was carried out to assess the present state of knowledge people have about the probable vaccine for COVID-19, to know the preferences of respondents about this vaccine and to learn the expectations and apprehensions of people about features of this prospective COVID-19 vaccine residing in the capital city of India.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted amongst the residents of Delhi, India from July to October 2020.

A Community-based Intervention Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Awareness Imparted on Earthquake Preparedness among the Residents of South Delhi, India.

Background: New Delhi is located in seismic zone IV, and the occurrence of earthquake is fairly common. Previous disasters have shown that only sustained and timely action to reduce risk can prevent or mitigate the impact of a disaster.

Objectives: The objective was to assess the knowledge and preparedness regarding earthquake among the residents of South Delhi and to impart the awareness and assess the effectiveness of the awareness imparted.

Interplay of multimorbidity and polypharmacy on a community dwelling frail elderly cohort in the peri-urban slums of Delhi, India.

Unlabelled: The United Nations Population Fund suggests that the number of elderly persons is expected to grow to 173 million by 2026. The aging phase is further made adverse by conditions such as failty, multimorbidity and polypharmacy.

Aim: To assess the status and associates of frailty among elderly (>60 years) residing in a peri-urban slum area in Delhi by using the EDMONSTON Frail scale and evaluate the interplay of multimorbidity (MM) and polypharmacy (PP) on the frail pre-frail spectrum of the community-dwelling elderly cohort.

A sneak peek into the curriculum on disaster management medicine in India for health professionals: A mixed-methods approach.

Introduction: India being a disaster-prone country necessitates us to be able to act proactively for any sort of preparedness and prevention. This necessitates a curriculum which can bring all the aspects related to disaster under one umbrella and thus impart training.

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the responses of students about the importance of disaster management (DM) in their MBBS course, take up suggestions about the important inclusions to be made in their curriculum, and get an insight of the higher education and research of DM domain in the Indian context.

School absenteeism during menstruation amongst adolescent girls in Delhi, India.

Background: Girls' health and education form the cornerstone of development and the gateway to full participation as women in political, economic, and cultural life of a country. Poor menstrual hygiene management has been shown to result in a sense of shame, anxiety, and embarrassment that contributes to absenteeism and poor performance at school. The objectives of this study were to determine the percentage of girls absent from school during menstruation, to evaluate the various factors associated with school absenteeism during menstruation, and to assess the practices regarding menstrual hygiene.

Effectiveness of Awareness Package on Occupational Health Hazards among Ragpickers of New Delhi, India.

Background: Ragpickers are informal workers who collect recyclable materials to earn a small wage on daily basis. They work in vulnerable conditions and awareness regarding occupational and environmental hazard is essential for them.

Objective: To study the effectiveness of awareness program on various occupational health hazards among the ragpickers.

Postpartum Depression in Women: A Risk Factor Analysis.

Introduction: Postpartum Depression (PPD) is a known entity affecting not only the women but the whole family. It affects women more harshly and chronically due to their increased stress sensitivity, maladaptive coping strategies and multiple social roles in the community.

Aim: To estimate the commonly associated risk factors of PPD among the women coming to a tertiary hospital in New Delhi, India.

Predictors of intention to quit tobacco among construction site workers in Delhi, India.

Background: Information on predictors of quitting behavior among construction site tobacco users is scarce in India. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the intention of tobacco users toward quitting and its predictors with reference to sociodemographic profile.

Methodology: A community-based, observational study was conducted on adult 172 construction site workers in a university campus of Delhi.

The intergenerational transmission of tobacco habit: Role of parents and the family.

Introduction: Tobacco pandemic has become one of the greatest public health challenges of all time. The socio-environmental factors prevailing at home have been identified as one of the most important causes of adopting smoking and other types of smokeless tobacco.

Objectives: The present study was conducted to find out the prevalence and pattern of tobacco use in the patients registered in the clinic and to study the role of parental and family influence on tobacco use.

Prevalence and correlates of nicotine dependence among construction site workers: A cross-sectional study in Delhi.

Introduction: Workers represent half the world's population and are major contributors to economic and social development. Tobacco consumption in construction site workers has been considered a big challenge.

Objectives: (1) To assess the prevalence of nicotine dependence among tobacco users.

A community-based case-control study to investigate the role of iron deficiency in the persistence of goiter.

Objectives: To find out the magnitude of iron deficiency anemia in the age group of 6-12 years and investigate the role of iron deficiency as a possible contributor to endemic goiter in school children in Ambala.

Materials And Methods: The present study was conducted as a subset of a cross-sectional study among 2700 children from 6 to 12 years of age to find out the prevalence of goiter. All the subjects who were found to be suffering from goiter in the cross-sectional study were enrolled in the case-control study as cases and were compared with age- and sex-matched controls (children without goiter) from the same cohort.

Assessment of the nutritional status of the elderly and its correlates.

Background: The percentage of elderly is growing rapidly and malnutrition is not uncommon in the elderly.

Objectives: The present study was carried out to assess the nutritional status of the elderly using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) tool, and to study the various epidemiological factors influencing their nutritional status.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study was done from July 2012 to August 2013 in Boko-Bongaon Block, Kamrup District, Assam, India.