Nuances in the Treatment of Ewing Sarcoma of the Head and Neck in a Low-Middle-Income Country Setting: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach.

Background: Ewing sarcoma of the head and neck (ES-HN) is a rare subsite of ES, where therapeutic outcomes need to be explored further.

Methods: This retrospective study includes ES-HN patients registered at our center between 2003 and 2019. Demographic details and treatment outcomes were recorded from the hospital database.

KMT2C Polymorphism in Familial Hypospadias.

Hypospadias, a common congenital anomaly of male genitalia, shows significant heritability and familial recurrence, particularly in consanguineous families. This study explored the role of KMT2C polymorphisms in a Yemeni family with two affected siblings. Comprehensive analysis identified 475 unique SNPs in KMT2C, with 59 shared between parents, suggesting common ancestry.

Intranodal Hemangioma: Case Report and Systematic Review.

Background: Intranodal hemangiomas are rare benign vascular tumors of the lymph nodes, often misdiagnosed as malignant lymphadenopathies due to their clinical and radiological features. This case report and systematic review aim to elucidate the epidemiology, clinical profile, and therapeutic interventions for intranodal hemangioma, enhancing diagnostic accuracy and management.

Methods: A systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Measuring up: Ensuring Intra- and Interobserver Reliability in Stretched Penile Length with the SPLINT Technique.

Background: A discrepancy between the true and measured value of stretched penile length (SPL) may be a result of errors that can either be systematic or random. Hence, it becomes important to focus on the quality of measurements to prevent any iatrogenic harm to the patients.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the magnitude of intra- and interobserver variations in the measurement of SPL with the SPLINT technique.

A real-world study on the clinicopathological profile, treatment outcomes and health-related quality of life, anxiety and depression among patients with desmoid tumor at two tertiary care centers in India.

Background: The medical management of DT comprises tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), hormonal agents, anti-inflammatory drugs with the recently approved gamma secretase inhibitor nirogacestat being the current standard of care. Real-world data on evolving treatment landscapes of DT remains scarce.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients with DT registered between 1995 and 2020 at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi and Tata Medical Center, Kolkata.

Dear Laparoscopic Surgeons: Caution with the Use of Glutaraldehyde!!!

Background: The occupational hazards of glutaraldehyde are well known; the possibility of harm to the patients has been highlighted in the form of isolated reports only.

Objective: To synthesize evidence for contact mucosal injury or injury due to intraperitoneal instillation of glutaraldehyde following its use during laparoendoscopy.

Materials And Methods: The current review is Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) compliant.

Correlation of Hand Digit Length Ratio, Anogenital Distance, and Severity of Hypospadias among Prepubertal Boys.

Aims: Antenatal androgen exposure has been suggested as a contributing factor in hypospadias etiology. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between anogenital distance (AGD), index finger-to-ring finger ratio (2D:4D ratio), and hypospadias severity in prepubertal boys, with the goal of exploring these parameters as potential markers of genital anomalies in utero.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on boys under 8 years old presenting to our outpatient department (April 2020-December 2022).

Advancing Precision in Penile Length Measurement: Evidence-based Synthesis of Stretched Penile Length INdicator Technique (SPLINT).

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to synthesize evidence and propose a technique for estimation of stretched penile length (SPL) applicable to children.

Materials And Methods: This review has been conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases were queried on penile length (PL) measurement techniques in humans published from 1990 onward.

Is Virtual Reality Effective in Decreasing Pain during Clinical Procedures among Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Virtual reality (VR) refers to a computer-generated simulation or environment that can be experienced and interacted with by a person through special electronic equipment, such as a headset with a screen and motion-tracking sensors. VR has been used as a distraction technique to alleviate pain and discomfort during medical procedures or as an alternative to traditional pain medication. This article explores VR's effectiveness in reducing pain in pediatric patients undergoing painful clinical procedures.

An Innovative Technique to Prevent Air Leaks from Cervical Esophagostomy during Face Mask Ventilation.

Unlabelled: During face mask ventilation, invariably, some air enters the esophagus rather than the airways; this results in gastric insufflation while the esophagus is intact or loss of tidal volume in patients with a cervical esophagostomy (Cx-esophagostomy).

Objective: The objective of the study was to report the indigenous use of an electrocardiography (ECG) electrode in successfully occluding the Cx-esophagostomy to prevent inadvertent loss of tidal volume.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-nine observations were recorded on 27 patients (mean age: 10.

Diffuse Esophageal Leiomyomatosis and the Surgical Challenges Encountered.

Diffuse esophageal leiomyomatosis (DEL) is a rare condition characterized by the growth of multiple benign smooth muscle tumors (leiomyomas) in the esophagus. These tumors can cause obstruction and functional impairment of the esophagus, leading to symptoms such as difficulty swallowing, chest pain, and weight loss. The disease can present with leiomyomas or glomerular nephropathy in other body parts, hearing defects, astigmatism, or myopia (Alport's syndrome).

Ewing sarcoma among children 5 years of age or younger: Is it a different disease?

Introduction: Children ≤5 years of age with Ewing's sarcoma (ES) possibly have a distinct disease biology, data on which are scarce. We evaluated clinical features, outcomes, and prognostic factors of ES among children with age ≤5 years.

Methods: Children with ES registered between 2003 and 2019 were included.

Management and Outcomes of Children with Malignant Germ Cell Tumor.

Objectives: To assess the clinico-pathological features, management and outcomes, amongst extracranial malignant germ cell tumors (MGCTs) in children treated primarily at a tertiary care center in a resource-challenged nation.

Methods: The prospectively maintained data for children below 14 y of age treated for extracranial MGCT from May 1994 to January 2023 was analyzed for patient characteristics, management, event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) and factors effecting survival. Events was defined as death, recurrence and progression.

A comparative study of smooth muscle cell characteristics and myofibroblasts in processus vaginalis of pediatric inguinal hernia, hydrocele and undescended testis.

Background: Congenital inguinal hernia, hydrocele and undescended testis (UDT) are associated with patent processus vaginalis. The smooth muscles present in the processus vaginalis aid in the descent of the testis and undergo programmed cell death after testicular descent leading to obliteration. The persisting amount of smooth muscle in the processus vaginalis influences the clinical outcome as inguinal hernia, hydrocele or UDT.

Successful Laparoscopic Management of Zinner Syndrome in a Pediatric Patient.

Zinner syndrome, a rare congenital anomaly affecting males, is characterized by atresia of the ejaculatory duct, seminal vesicle cysts, and ipsilateral renal agenesis. This case report details a 2-year-old boy successfully treated with laparoscopic excision of a dilated vas deferens and seminal vesicle cyst. The rarity of Zinner syndrome in pediatric patients underscores the importance of understanding its diagnosis and minimally invasive surgical management.

Exosomal long non-coding RNA MALAT1: a candidate of liquid biopsy in monitoring of Wilms' tumor.

Purpose: Wilms' tumor (WT) is a rare kidney cancer that primarily affects children. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that cargo nucleic acids, proteins,etc. for cellular communication.

Sex Bias in Treatment Abandonment of Childhood Cancer in India.

Objectives: To explore the magnitude of sex bias and determinants of treatment abandonment (TA) in childhood cancer in India.

Methods: Individual data of children (0-19 y) registered between January 1, 2017 and July 31, 2022, was compiled. TA was defined as defaulting curative intent treatment ≥4 wk.

Looking Beyond Toxicities: Other Health-related Morbidities Noted in Childhood Solid Tumor Survivors.

Aim: In addition to the well-known toxicities of treatment, survivors of pediatric solid tumors can also develop other health-related conditions. They may either be an indirect consequence of therapy or could be unrelated to their prior history of malignancy. We aim to evaluate the nontoxicity related health conditions in survivors of pediatric solid tumors.

Comparison of High Spermatic Vessel Ligation and Low Spermatic Vessel Ligation in an Undescended Model of Rat Testis.

Aims: The aim of this study was to compare the immediate and long-term outcomes after high spermatic vessel ligation (HSVL) and low spermatic vessel ligation (LSVL) in a high undescended testis (UDT) model in rats.

Materials And Methods: A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted on 24 male Wistar rats. The rats were randomly divided into three groups.

Perinatal Outcome in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH): A Single-Center Experience.

Objective: To study the perinatal outcome in fetuses diagnosed with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).

Methods: Thirty-two pregnant women with antenatal diagnosis of CDH in fetus, who delivered between 2018 and 2021, were included in the study. Postnatally eventration of diaphragm was diagnosed in 3 neonates and were excluded.

Utility of Ischemia-Modified Albumin as a Biomarker for Acute Appendicitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Acute appendicitis is a frequently encountered surgical emergency. Despite several scoring systems, the possibility of delayed diagnosis persists. In addition, a delayed diagnosis leads to an increased risk of complicated appendicitis.