Compartmentalization of High Infratemporal Fossa in Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinomas and Its Impact on Clinical Outcome.

Background: According to the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC), involvement of the masticator space and infratemporal fossa (ITF) in oral cancers indicates advanced disease (T4b), which is often considered unresectable. Previous studies have shown that the extent of ITF involvement influences management and outcomes. Therefore, to optimize management, T4b disease should be subclassified based on ITF involvement.

A Novel Deep Learning-Based (3D U-Net Model) Automated Pulmonary Nodule Detection Tool for CT Imaging.

Background: Precise detection and characterization of pulmonary nodules on computed tomography (CT) is crucial for early diagnosis and management.

Objectives: In this study, we propose the use of a deep learning-based algorithm to automatically detect pulmonary nodules in computed tomography (CT) scans. We evaluated the performance of the algorithm against the interpretation of radiologists to analyze the effectiveness of the algorithm.

Opioid Use Disorders: Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment Strategies to Mitigate Addiction Risks.

Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) is defined by the persistent use of opioids despite adverse consequences. It is associated with increased mortality and a variety of mental and general medical comorbidities. Risk factors include younger age, male sex, lower educational attainment, lower income, and psychiatric disorders, such as other substance use disorders and mood disorders.

Treatment options for preventing autoimmune-mediated congenital heart block: a systematic review.

Objective: Complete congenital heart block (CHB) due to anti-Ro/La antibodies in pregnancy can lead to adverse fetal outcomes and neonatal death. National and international guidelines do not recommend specific treatment for women identified with anti-Ro antibodies while pregnant.

Design: Systematic review of studies of pregnant women with anti-Ro/La antibodies undertaking treatment(s) to prevent CHB.

Foreign Contaminants Target Brain Health.

Neurodisease, caused by undesired substances, can lead to mental health conditions like depression, anxiety and neurocognitive problems like dementia. These substances can be referred to as contaminants that can cause damage, corruption, and infection or reduce brain functionality. Contaminants, whether conceptual or physical, have the ability to disrupt many processes.

Importance of Computer-Aided Drug Design in Modern Pharmaceutical Research.

Background: Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) approaches are essential in the drug discovery and development process. Both academic institutions and pharmaceutical and biotechnology corporations utilize them to enhance the efficacy of bioactive compounds.

Objective: This study aims to entice researchers by investigating the benefits of Computer-Aided Drug and Design (CADD) and its fundamental principles.

Computing Entropy for Long-Chain Alkanes Using Linear Regression: Application to Hydroisomerization.

Entropies for alkane isomers longer than C are computed using our recently developed linear regression model for thermochemical properties which is based on second-order group contributions. The computed entropies show excellent agreement with experimental data and data from Scott's tables which are obtained from a statistical mechanics-based correlation. Entropy production and heat input are calculated for the hydroisomerization of C isomers in various zeolites (FAU-, ITQ-29-, BEA-, MEL-, MFI-, MTW-, and MRE-types) at 500 K at chemical equilibrium.

Imaging of pelvic floor disorders involving the posterior compartment on dynamic MR defaecography.

Unlabelled: Disorders related to defaecation are widely common in the population and are often overlooked. Patients may present with a wide variety of symptoms such as constipation, faecal incontinence, painful defaecation, incomplete defaecation, hard stools, rectal bleeding, and mass per rectum. Complete clinical examination with radiological imaging, using dynamic MR Defaecography, can help in assessing, grading, and managing posterior compartment pelvic floor disorders and complex dysfunctions.

A Case Report of Inguinal Hernia Containing the Appendix: Amyand's Hernia.

Numerous types of hernias have been reported in the literature. A unique and uncommon type of hernia known as an Amyand's hernia occurs when the inguinal sac contains the vermiform appendix. Due to its rarity, it is usually difficult to diagnose and often goes unreported.

Prediction of Thermochemical Properties of Long-Chain Alkanes Using Linear Regression: Application to Hydroisomerization.

Linear regression (LR) is used to predict thermochemical properties of alkanes at temperatures (0-1000) K to study chemical reaction equilibria inside zeolites. The thermochemical properties of C until C isomers reported by Scott are used as training data sets in the LR model which is used to predict these properties for alkanes longer than C isomers. Second-order groups are used as independent variables which account for the interactions between the neighboring groups of atoms.

Atypical Neuroimaging Findings in a Patient With Mucopolysaccharidosis Type VII (Sly Syndrome).

Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) consists of a heterogeneous group of multisystem disorders that are usually inherited. This spectrum consists of seven subtypes in total. Sly syndrome, also known as type VII MPS, is a multisystem disorder with a wide array of symptoms that overlap with other mucopolysaccharide disorders.

Correction: Deep learning based automated epidermal growth factor receptor and anaplastic lymphoma kinase status prediction of brain metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.

Additional use of extrinsic warmer for intravenous CT contrast media and its impact on incidence of contrast extravasations and allergic like reactions: a prospective observational case control study.

Aims: To prospectively determine whether extrinsic warming of the low-osmolality CT contrast media (Iohexol 350, Iodixanol 320, Iopromide 300, and Iopamidol 300) to 37°C prior to intravenous administration affects extravasation and allergic-like reaction rates.

Materials And Methods: This large scale prospective case control study of adverse events included all the patients between the age group of 15-80 years undergoing routine contrast-enhanced computed tomographic (CECT) examinations from April 2018 to March 2020 at our institute. Ex vivo experiments were also performed to demonstrate change in contrast viscosity and fluid dynamics in relation to temperature.

Unmasking Carpal Tunnel Syndrome by High-Resolution Ultrasonography in Misdiagnosed Pure Neuritic Leprosy: A Case Report.

We present a case of a woman in her 70s who was initially diagnosed with pure neuritic leprosy due to bilateral hand numbness and tingling with associated muscle weakness. However, after undergoing high-resolution ultrasonography (HRUS), it was found that she had bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). This case highlights the importance of considering other possible causes of peripheral neuropathy, such as CTS, in patients with suspected Hansen's disease.

Chromenone: An emerging scaffold in anti-Alzheimer drug discovery.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) presents a growing global health concern. In recent decades, natural and synthetic chromenone have emerged as promising drug candidates due to their multi-target potential. Natural chromenone, quercetin, scopoletin, esculetin, coumestrol, umbelliferone, bergapten, and methoxsalen (xanthotoxin), and synthetic chromenone hybrids comprising structures like acridine, 4-aminophenyl, 3-arylcoumarins, quinoline, 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,3-triazole, and tacrine, have been explored for their potential to combat AD.

Modifiable risk factors for asthma exacerbations during the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based repeated cross-sectional study using the Research and Surveillance Centre primary care database.

Background: There were substantial reductions in asthma exacerbations during the COVID-19 pandemic for reasons that remain poorly understood. We investigated changes in modifiable risk factors which might help explain the reductions in asthma exacerbations.

Methods: Multilevel generalised linear mixed models were fitted to examine changes in modifiable risk factors for asthma exacerbations during 2020-2022, compared to pre-pandemic year (2019), using observational, routine data from general practices in the Oxford-Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre.

Understanding shape selectivity effects of hydroisomerization using a reaction equilibrium model.

We study important aspects of shape selectivity effects of zeolites for hydroisomerization of linear alkanes, which produces a myriad of isomers, particularly for long chain hydrocarbons. To investigate the conditions for achieving an optimal yield of branched hydrocarbons, it is important to understand the role of chemical equilibrium in these reversible reactions. We conduct an extensive analysis of shape selectivity effects of different zeolites for the hydroisomerization of C7 and C8 isomers at chemical reaction equilibrium conditions.

Double Whammy: Abscopal Effect and Pseudoprogression in a Case of Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma With Brain Metastases.

Abscopal effect and pseudoprogression are terms used in modern oncological imaging. Abscopal effect refers to the elicitation of tumor response away from the site of primary disease. Pseudoprogression is the increase in size or enhancement of the treated tumor or the appearance of new lesions that remain stable or show subsequent decrease without any change in therapy.

Early vs late anticoagulation in acute ischemic stroke with indications outside atrial fibrillation.

Background: Current literature lacks guidance on the safety of administering anticoagulation in acute ischemic stroke with emergent indications that require anticoagulation other than atrial fibrillation. Therefore, we tend to rely on studies investigating acute ischemic stroke in atrial fibrillation for anticoagulation recommendations.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data for patients with acute ischemic stroke who had a non-atrial fibrillation emergent indication for anticoagulation (e.

Anticoagulation Therapy in a Patient who had two Consecutive Strokes After Antibiotic Therapy for Infective Endocarditis: A Case Report.

A 77-year-old male presented with altered mentation and was diagnosed with infective endocarditis. Echocardiography revealed aortic valve vegetations. While receiving inpatient antibiotic therapy, the patient experienced an acute ischemic stroke.

Bench-to-bedside imaging in brain metastases: a road to precision oncology.

Radiology has seen tremendous evolution in the last few decades. At the same time, oncology has made great strides in diagnosing and treating cancer. Distant metastases of neoplasms are being encountered more often in light of longer patient survival due to better therapeutic strategies and diagnostic methods.

Deep-Learning-Based Predictive Imaging Biomarker Model for EGFR Mutation Status in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer from CT Imaging.

Purpose: The authors aimed to develop and validate deep-learning-based radiogenomic (DLR) models and radiomic signatures to predict the EGFR mutation in patients with NSCLC, and to assess the semantic and clinical features that can contribute to detecting EGFR mutations.

Methods: Using 990 patients from two NSCLC trials, we employed an end-to-end pipeline analyzing CT images without precise segmentation. Two 3D convolutional neural networks segmented lung masses and nodules.

MR imaging-based risk stratification scoring system to predict clinical outcomes in carotid body tumors.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the role of pretherapy MRI in predicting outcomes in carotid body tumors and propose a grading system for high- and low-risk characteristics.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective observational study of 44 patients with 51 lesions was carried out from year 2005 to 2020. MR images were reviewed for characteristics of carotid body tumor, and a score was given that was correlated with intra- and postoperative findings.