Publications by authors named "Agarwal A"

Article Synopsis
  • - The patient is a 64-year-old male with a long history of delusional disorder, first showing symptoms at age 34, which were managed successfully for years until a relapse occurred.
  • - Initial treatment with amisulpride failed, and risperidone caused severe skin reactions leading to a diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid, prompting a switch to other medications.
  • - The introduction of aripiprazole and melatonin resulted in improved management of both delusional symptoms and the skin condition, illustrating the importance of monitoring for drug-induced side effects in elderly patients on antipsychotics.
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Unlabelled: The increasing knowledge of microbial ecology in food products relating to quality and safety and the established usefulness of machine learning algorithms for anomaly detection in multiple scenarios suggests that the application of microbiome data in food production systems for anomaly detection could be a valuable approach to be used in food systems. These methods could be used to identify ingredients that deviate from their typical microbial composition, which could indicate food fraud or safety issues. The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of using shotgun sequencing data as input into anomaly detection algorithms using fluid milk as a model system.

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A reliable, calibrated, non-invasive thermometry method is essential for thermal therapies to monitor and control the treatment. Ultrasound (US) is an effective thermometry modality due to its relatively high sensitivity to temperature changes, and fast data acquisition and processing capabilities.In this work, the change in backscattered energy (CBE) was used to control the tissue temperature non-invasively using a real-time proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller.

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  • - The study focuses on bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a common chronic respiratory issue in infants, particularly those born preterm, highlighting the lack of consistent clinical care guidelines.
  • - A survey of 27 BPD programs revealed significant variability in outpatient care, including referral processes, services offered, follow-up echocardiograms, and discharge criteria.
  • - The authors advocate for the creation of comprehensive clinical guidelines for BPD, similar to those for asthma and cystic fibrosis, to standardize care and potentially improve long-term health outcomes.
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  • * DPAA, a degradation product of other chemical agents, has been linked to neurological damage and behavioral deficiencies in residents of Kamisu, Japan, due to contaminated underground water.
  • * Long-term monitoring (around 15 years) and animal studies, including primates and mice, confirm that exposure to DPAA results in significant neurological damage, affecting the cerebellum and brainstem.
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  • - Periprosthetic joint infections (PJI) after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) lead to significant health issues and costs, and existing methods to minimize these infections show promise but need national-level validation.
  • - A nationwide study analyzed data from over 860,000 patients and found a decline in septic revision rates from 0.75% in 2010 to 0.69% in 2019, with notable reductions in high-risk groups.
  • - Results suggest that current prevention strategies for PJIs are effective on a national scale, emphasizing the need for ongoing research to explore additional measures to further decrease these complications.
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  • Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) involves blockage of the hepatic veins and is often linked to a condition that causes increased blood clotting.
  • Systemic amyloidosis is a disorder where misfolded proteins accumulate in the body, causing organ damage, and it typically leads to bleeding issues rather than clotting.
  • The case of a 40-year-old man illustrates how AL amyloidosis can lead to BCS, showing the importance of recognizing its varied and non-specific symptoms for accurate diagnosis.
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  • Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a rare and benign condition characterized by fever and swollen lymph nodes, first identified in 1972 as necrotizing lymphadenitis.
  • A definitive diagnosis is made through histopathology and immunohistochemistry techniques.
  • The text discusses a unique case of an adult woman with KFD and autoimmune limbic encephalitis, highlighting her full recovery and reviewing existing literature on similar cases.
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  • Autoimmune autonomic disorders are illnesses caused by the immune system attacking the autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary body functions.
  • They can manifest as either hyperactivity (central issues) or failure (peripheral issues) of autonomic functions, leading to a mix of vague and varied symptoms, making diagnosis challenging.
  • Recent identification of specific autoantibodies has improved recognition and diagnosis, but management remains complicated due to the nonspecific nature of symptoms and rarity of these disorders.
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Intraorbital wooden foreign body is uncommon in patients with orbital trauma, and if present its complete surgical removal at the earliest is of utmost importance to avoid significant complications. We report an interesting case of an intraorbital wooden foreign body that was succesfully removed using a nasal endoscope.

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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) are two of the most pressing global health issues, each contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality worldwide. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of HIV-associated TB (HIV-TB), focusing on the clinical challenges and advancements in its management. HIV-positive individuals are at a heightened risk of developing active TB due to the immunosuppressive effects of the virus, which complicates both diagnosis and treatment.

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The brain helps us survive by forming internal representations of the external world. Excitatory cortical neurons are often precisely tuned to specific external stimuli. However, inhibitory neurons, such as parvalbumin-positive (PV) interneurons, are generally less selective.

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The past decade has seen exponential advancements in molecular markers and the genetics of tumors, recognizing the limitations of conventional histopathology for grading, classification, and prognostication. Such advances have resulted in changes to classification systems, for example, with the incorporation of objective molecular and genetic information into the 2021 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of central nervous system tumors. The fifth edition of the WHO classification of head and neck tumors (HN5) (beta online version, 2022) also introduced major changes based on molecular markers, including additions, deletions, and reclassifications of entities, with the idea of being more objective and standardized.

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There has been much controversy about the true value of varicocele repair for improving fertility and the chances of natural conception. This review summarizes the latest research findings, current professional societies' recommendations, and the conclusions of recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The current evidence suggests a positive role for varicocele repair in improving basic sperm parameters and increasing the likelihood of natural pregnancy.

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Article Synopsis
  • SGLT-2 inhibitors have been shown to provide cardiovascular and kidney benefits for adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD), regardless of whether they have type 2 diabetes or not.
  • Current guidelines are incomplete as they do not fully consider the latest evidence or provide specific recommendations based on varying risk levels of CKD progression.
  • The guideline panel recommends SGLT-2 inhibitors for adults with CKD, with stronger recommendations for those at higher risk of disease progression and complications.
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Prcis: The study documents the ability of Elisar-Fast to successfully assess visual field in patients with glaucoma.

Purpose: To compare 2 fast threshold strategies of visual field assessment: SITA-Fast (SF; Humphrey field analyser) and Elisar-Fast (EF; advanced vision analyser) in patients with glaucoma.

Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, of total 192 subjects, 138 subjects (150 eyes, 80 glaucoma subjects [91 eyes] and 58 healthy controls [59 eyes]) were analysed and included.

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Primary intraocular lymphoma (PIOL) is a rare form of primary central nervous system lymphoma that poses diagnostic challenges because of its nonspecific clinical features and complex imaging characteristics. This paper presents a focus case and 2 companion cases, highlighting the complexities in identifying and treating PIOL. In the focus case, a 66-year-old man experienced gradual painless vision loss with choroidal thickening on funduscopic examination and subsequent follow-up MRI.

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The World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (WHO CNS5) significantly revised the terminology and diagnostic criteria of "mesenchymal non-meningothelial" tumors of CNS to better align with the classification of these soft tissue tumors outside the CNS. The CNS chapter only covers the entities with distinct histological or molecular characteristics that occur exclusively or primarily in the CNS. These tumors usually arise from the meninges and are rarely intraparenchymal in origin, mainly in the supratentorial compartment.

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Shark cartilage presents a complex material composed of collagen, proteoglycans, and bioapatite. In the present study, we explored the link between microstructure, chemical composition, and biomechanical function of shark vertebral cartilage using Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Confocal Raman Microspectroscopy, and Nanoindentation. Our investigation focused on vertebrae from Blacktip and Shortfin Mako sharks.

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Background: Choosing an appropriate course of treatment for midface fracture can be challenging due to the variable presentations of midfacial fractures and concurrent orbital floor injuries.

Objectives: To evaluate complications of midface fracture including the orbital floor.

Materials And Methods: It was a cross-sectional study carried out on 456 patients diagnosed with midface fracture, including the orbital floor, clinically and radiographically.

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The addition of OH to silica at room temperature leads to spontaneous hydroxyl oxygen exchange and the selective isotopic enrichment of silanols, as observed using and O NMR. The discovery that silanols are labile alters our understanding of the chemistry of silica surfaces.

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