Unlabelled: The increasing knowledge of microbial ecology in food products relating to quality and safety and the established usefulness of machine learning algorithms for anomaly detection in multiple scenarios suggests that the application of microbiome data in food production systems for anomaly detection could be a valuable approach to be used in food systems. These methods could be used to identify ingredients that deviate from their typical microbial composition, which could indicate food fraud or safety issues. The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of using shotgun sequencing data as input into anomaly detection algorithms using fluid milk as a model system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA reliable, calibrated, non-invasive thermometry method is essential for thermal therapies to monitor and control the treatment. Ultrasound (US) is an effective thermometry modality due to its relatively high sensitivity to temperature changes, and fast data acquisition and processing capabilities.In this work, the change in backscattered energy (CBE) was used to control the tissue temperature non-invasively using a real-time proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Indian Acad Neurol
September 2024
Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg
October 2024
Intraorbital wooden foreign body is uncommon in patients with orbital trauma, and if present its complete surgical removal at the earliest is of utmost importance to avoid significant complications. We report an interesting case of an intraorbital wooden foreign body that was succesfully removed using a nasal endoscope.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) are two of the most pressing global health issues, each contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality worldwide. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of HIV-associated TB (HIV-TB), focusing on the clinical challenges and advancements in its management. HIV-positive individuals are at a heightened risk of developing active TB due to the immunosuppressive effects of the virus, which complicates both diagnosis and treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe brain helps us survive by forming internal representations of the external world. Excitatory cortical neurons are often precisely tuned to specific external stimuli. However, inhibitory neurons, such as parvalbumin-positive (PV) interneurons, are generally less selective.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe past decade has seen exponential advancements in molecular markers and the genetics of tumors, recognizing the limitations of conventional histopathology for grading, classification, and prognostication. Such advances have resulted in changes to classification systems, for example, with the incorporation of objective molecular and genetic information into the 2021 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of central nervous system tumors. The fifth edition of the WHO classification of head and neck tumors (HN5) (beta online version, 2022) also introduced major changes based on molecular markers, including additions, deletions, and reclassifications of entities, with the idea of being more objective and standardized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThere has been much controversy about the true value of varicocele repair for improving fertility and the chances of natural conception. This review summarizes the latest research findings, current professional societies' recommendations, and the conclusions of recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The current evidence suggests a positive role for varicocele repair in improving basic sperm parameters and increasing the likelihood of natural pregnancy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrcis: The study documents the ability of Elisar-Fast to successfully assess visual field in patients with glaucoma.
Purpose: To compare 2 fast threshold strategies of visual field assessment: SITA-Fast (SF; Humphrey field analyser) and Elisar-Fast (EF; advanced vision analyser) in patients with glaucoma.
Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, of total 192 subjects, 138 subjects (150 eyes, 80 glaucoma subjects [91 eyes] and 58 healthy controls [59 eyes]) were analysed and included.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol
March 2025
Primary intraocular lymphoma (PIOL) is a rare form of primary central nervous system lymphoma that poses diagnostic challenges because of its nonspecific clinical features and complex imaging characteristics. This paper presents a focus case and 2 companion cases, highlighting the complexities in identifying and treating PIOL. In the focus case, a 66-year-old man experienced gradual painless vision loss with choroidal thickening on funduscopic examination and subsequent follow-up MRI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (WHO CNS5) significantly revised the terminology and diagnostic criteria of "mesenchymal non-meningothelial" tumors of CNS to better align with the classification of these soft tissue tumors outside the CNS. The CNS chapter only covers the entities with distinct histological or molecular characteristics that occur exclusively or primarily in the CNS. These tumors usually arise from the meninges and are rarely intraparenchymal in origin, mainly in the supratentorial compartment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShark cartilage presents a complex material composed of collagen, proteoglycans, and bioapatite. In the present study, we explored the link between microstructure, chemical composition, and biomechanical function of shark vertebral cartilage using Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Confocal Raman Microspectroscopy, and Nanoindentation. Our investigation focused on vertebrae from Blacktip and Shortfin Mako sharks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pharm Bioallied Sci
July 2024
Background: Choosing an appropriate course of treatment for midface fracture can be challenging due to the variable presentations of midfacial fractures and concurrent orbital floor injuries.
Objectives: To evaluate complications of midface fracture including the orbital floor.
Materials And Methods: It was a cross-sectional study carried out on 456 patients diagnosed with midface fracture, including the orbital floor, clinically and radiographically.
The addition of OH to silica at room temperature leads to spontaneous hydroxyl oxygen exchange and the selective isotopic enrichment of silanols, as observed using and O NMR. The discovery that silanols are labile alters our understanding of the chemistry of silica surfaces.
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