[The changing of cell-free DNA properties of peripheral blood and TCR-mutant cell frequency in individuals exposed to ionizing radiation].

Some properties of the cell-free DNA (cfDNA) of peripheral blood plasma were assessed in 153 employees of atomic industry enterprises. The contents of ribosomal repeat (rDNA) and its concentration in plasma increased in cfDNA of the group of persons in comparison with non-irradiated individuals. The contents of satellite III in cfDNA of donors and of irradiated persons do not differ and less than in DNA nucleus.

[Ribosomal genes in inbred mouse strains: interstrain and intrastrain variations of copy number and extent of methylation].

Quantitative dot hybridization was used to estimate the rDNA copy number in brain tissues of five inbred mouse strains (AKR/JY, NZB/B1OrlY, CBA/CaLacY, 101/HY, and 129/JY), which were obtained from the collection of the Research Center of Biomedical Technologies (Y). In each strain, 9-12 mice aged 1-2 months were examined. The rDNA copy number per diploid genome in strains AKR (range 105-181, mean +/- SD 136 +/- 27) and NZB (129-169, 148 +/- 12) was significantly lower than in strains CBA (172-267, 209 +/- 31), 101 (179-270, 217 +/- 30), and 129 (215-310, 264 +/- 33).

[The use of discrete characters in discriminant analysis for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and for classification of patients differing in treatment efficiency based on polymorphisms at nine codominant loci-HP, GC, TF, PI, PGM1, GLO1, C3, ACP1 and ESD].

Discriminant analysis was used to differentiate patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (N = 106) from healthy individuals (N = 328) and patients whose treatment was efficient (N = 71) from those whose treatment was inefficient (N = 35). The analysis involved the data on nine polymorphic codominant loci: HP, GC, TF, PI, PGM1, GLO1, C3, ACP1, and ESD. The loci were selected by significance of differences in genotype frequencies between tuberculosis patients and healthy controls (GC, TF, PI, C3, ACP1) or between the two groups of patients differing in treatment efficiency (HP, GC, PI, PGM1, C3, ESD).

[Heterozygosity in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis showing varying responses to therapy].

The distribution of the levels of heterozygosity was analyzed by 9 loci of genetic markers: PI, TF, PGM1, ACPI, HP, GC, GLO1 C3, and ESD in two groups of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who had improvements (Group 1, n = 71) and failures (Group 2, n = 35). The heterozygosity observed in the groups was compared with that calculated by the Hardy-Weinberg law by using data on healthy controls (n = 328; the locus ESD was investigated in 78 healthy individuals). The analysis indicated that there were statistically significant deviations of the observed heterozygosities, g1, at 4 loci (GC, PI, C3, and ACPI) from the expected ones; h1 calculated from the data in the control group.

[Analysis of heterozygosity levels at P1,TF, PGM1, ACP1, HP, GC, GLO, C3, and ESD loci in pulmonary tuberculosis patients with different treatment outcomes].

Heterozygosity at nine genetic loci (PI, TF, PGM1, ACP1, HP, GC, GLO1, C3, and ESD) was analyzed in pulmonary tuberculosis patients with good (group 1, N = 71) and poor (group 2, N = 35) response to treatment. The observed heterozygosities were compared with the expected values, which were calculated from allele frequencies in a control sample of healthy individuals (N = 328 with all but one locus and 78 with ESD) according to Hardy-Weinberg expectations. The analysis showed that the observed heterozygosities gl of patients significantly differed from the expected values hl in the case of four loci (GC, PI, C3, and ACP1).

Apolipoprotein B 3'-VNTR polymorphism in the Udmurt population.

An analysis of a highly polymorphic region of the apolipoprotein B gene 3'-end DNA (Apo B 3'-VNTR), represented by 10 alleles, was carried out using the polymerase chain reaction. Data inferred from the principal component analysis indicate that the Udmurts occupy an isolated position among the populations constituting the northern branch of Caucasoid peoples.

[Blood protein phenotypes and effectiveness of the treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis].

Genetic polymorphism at 9 independent loci (HP, GC, TF, PI, PGM1, GLO1, C3, ACP1, and ESD) was studied in two groups of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and healthy controls. The patients were subdivided into two subgroups depending on their response to chemotherapy: 1) responsive and 2) unresponsive to adequate chemotherapy. The control (Group 3) comprised 327-329 healthy persons; only 78 of them were phenotyped for ESD-locus.

[Discriminant analysis of clinical laboratory data for diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis and lung cancer].

The study is based on the clinical observation and examination of 33 patients with stages 1 or 2 lung cancer (Group 1), 53 with stage 3 lung cancer (Group 2), and 44 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (Group 3). All the patients underwent surgical treatment. A control group comprised 50 apparently healthy individuals.

[Genetic aspects of endometriosis: features of the distribution of polymorphic gene frequencies].

In a group of patients with endometriosis and in a control group of healthy women, the polymorphism of the following systems were studied: ABO and RH blood-group systems; serum proteins haptoglobin (HP), transferrin (TF), vitamin D-transporting protein (GC), protease inhibitor (PI), and the third component of the complement (C3); serum enzymes-amylase of the loci 1 and 2 (AMY1 and AMY2), pseudocholinesterase (E2), and alkaline phosphatase (PP); erythrocytic enzymes-acid phosphatase (ACP1), phosphoglucomutase (PGM1), superoxide dismutase (SOD-A), esterase D (ESD), and glyoxalase (GLO1). Statistically significant differences between the groups compared were established for five genetic systems: ABO, E2, C3, TF, and PGM1. Among patient with endometriosis, the rare alleles of the locus ESD-ESD5 and ESD7-were found, along with ESD 5-5 homozygotes.

[Possible connection between the level of heterozygosity of biochemical gene markers in patients with lung diseases].

The comparative heterozygosity level was estimated in patients suffering from squamous epithelial lung cancer (SELC) and in patients with chronic pneumonia with bronchiectases. To estimate heterozygosity, seven loci, reflecting normal diversity in human populations, were used (HP, TF, GC, PI, GL01, ACP1, PGM1). SELC patients with an uncomplicated postoperative period were distinguished by an increase in the level of observed heterozygosity (Hzero = 0.

[Effect of hereditary factors on tolerance for surgical treatment in patients with lung cancer].

Genetic polymorphism at 10 independent loci (ABO, RH, HP, GC, PI, TF, ACP1, PGM1, GLO1, and PTC) was studied in male patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma. These patients were divided into two groups, depending on their tolerance for surgical intervention and on the postoperative course: (1) patients with an uneventful postoperative period and (2) patients with postoperative complications. The genetic structure of the combined sample at the loci studied did not differ from that of the control group consisting of health people (population control).

[Role pf genetic and other biomarkers in the prognostication of postoperative course in patients with lung cancer].

Relationships between genetic polymorphisms (ABO, RH, HP, TF, GC, Pi, ACP1, PGM1, GLO1, PTC) and some clinical, biochemical, and functional parameters were studied in patients with epidermoid carcinoma of the lung who were divided into 2 groups: those with uncomplicated and complicated postoperative courses of the disease. They were found to be different in the two groups. The values of ESR, albumin, lymphocytes, vital capacity, and RQ are the most distinctive signs that differentiate the patient groups.

[Clinico-genetic aspects of cutaneous melanoma. II. Interconnection and pathogenetic commonality with dysplastic nevus syndrome].

Evidence for the role of dysplastic nevi (DN) in the development of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) is presented. Primary multiple foci of CMM were found considerably more frequently in individuals with DN. The frequency of primary multiple CMM was found to be 3.

[Genetic position of Mordvinians among other Finno-Ugrian peoples].

Two different tribes of Mordvinians, Erzia and Moksha, were studied with respect to 13 different genetic marker systems. The Erzia and Moksha were shown to be fairly homogeneous; a significant gene frequency difference was found only in the MN blood group system. Estimation of the genetic distances revealed that Mordvinians showed the closest relationship to the Maris and to populations of the western Finno-Ugrian linguistic group such as Finns, Estonians and Karelians.

[Effects of maximal possible potential selection in the world population. New data on selection structure in the CIS nations].

New information on maximal possible potential selection and its component values in some ethno-territorial groups in CIS was presented. The heterogeneity observed in the Crow's index and its components can be explained as a result of the differences in the social economic status of the groups studied and the influence of climate geographical factors. The data gathered during the biodemographical study of 67 populations allowed to detect regularities of the effects of selective factors in world population: non-random and discrete nature of considered populations distribution in the coordinate space of selection components associated with differential mortality (I) and differential fertility (I) was shown.

[Feasibility of establishing genetic homeostasis in human populations using a complex of genetic markers].

The information that we have about functional connection of different phenotypes of independent loci served for identification of their reciprocal behavior in cohorts differed in healthy status from the same population. Coefficients of correlation were computed between phenotypes according to the scheme: everyone with all in a Buryat, on the basis of the distribution of 17 genetic loci. Their space was transformed to a standardized one of eigenvectors.

[An ecogenetic approach to studying the adaptation and human health].

Genetic markers--blood groups ABO, RH, MN; serum proteins HP, PI, TF, C3; erythrocyte enzymes ACP1, ESD, AK1, PGM1, GLO1, PGD, PGP; and the other: PTC-tasting, ear wax types and color vision, were studied in two aboriginal Buryatian populations of Baikal Lake region: in Chitinskaya and Irkutskaya Provinces. Two samples were further divided into subgroups, according to their health status: "healthy", "indefinite" and "sick" by means of special regression procedure. The "healthy" subgroup of the Chitinskaya Province population is characterized by higher frequencies of PTC-tasters: 0.

[Study of interlocus interactions using a series of gene markers in samples from groups with different health status].

Interloci equilibrium between pairs of gene markers in the samples of different health rate in the population of Buryats of Chitinskaya Province was tested. The following methods were used: calculation of interloci correlation coefficients, chi 2-testing of the hypothesis of interloci equilibrium and the modification of principal components analysis on the basis of the matrix of Pearson's coefficients of contingency. In the groups of "extreme" health rate the tendency to increase in interloci disequilibrium was discovered.

[Genetic polymorphism of the erythrocytic enzymes in the Buryat populations].

Polymorphism of seven erythrocytic enzymes PGM1, ESD, CLO1, PGD and PGP were studied in five samples of Buryats. The main investment into differentiation between populations has been made by the following systems: CLO1, PGD and PGM1. Analysis of genetic distances between populations demonstrated that there was some parallelism among the genetic and anthropological differentiation in the Buryat populations.

[Possibilities of creating a genetic information database and its processing based on the DBase3-plus system].

Special methods are required for computing information on biological objects under complex research. The DBASE3-PLUS system offers vast possibilities for working with large quantity of different sets of information in multi-aspect statistical analysis. Usefulness of this system for creation of and operation with the data on distribution of genetic and non-genetic traits in a population was shown by means of the special set of applied programs in the dBase language.