Recurrent Third Nerve Paresis with Migraine: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Ophthalmoplegic migraine (OM), first described by Charcot in 1870, is a disorder characterised by recurrent episodes of migraine associated with ophthalmoplegia. It has been extensively described in children and is rarer in adults. Commonly, the third nerve is affected with pupillary involvement and, more rarely, the fourth or the sixth nerve.

Wernicke's encephalopathy: Is visual loss a red herring?

Predominantly visual loss, is very rare in Wernicke's encephalopathy. A 22 year old lady, in her 28th week of gestation, presented with a confused mental state, bilateral papilloedema with retinal hemorrhages, ophthalmoparesis, and cerebellar signs. Her MRI brain was suggestive of Wernicke's encephalopathy and she recovered with intravenous thiamine.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)-Associated Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis: A Multi-Institutional Retrospective Study of Imaging Patterns.

Background: Mucormycosis infection of the maxillofacial region and brain has been associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Mucormycosis was relatively a rare infection before COVID-19, and imaging findings are not very well described.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective imaging study of 101 patients diagnosed with COVID-19-associated mucormycosis by histopathology and/or culture was performed.

Impact of epilepsy and antiepileptic drugs on health and quality of life in Indian children.

Background And Objectives: Epilepsy affects the physical, cognitive, emotional, social wellbeing, and thereby the overall quality of life (QOL). Epilepsy is the most prevalent neurological disorder in the pediatric age group with a prevalence of 3.13 to 3.

Tropical ataxic neuropathy - A century old enigma.

Tropical ataxic neuropathy, which is prevalent in the tropics causes significant disability as well as increased mortality and remains an enigmatic disease with no effective treatment or cure, even a century after its identification. The syndrome, first described in Jamaica in 1897 and christened as tropical ataxic neuropathy in 1959, is a constellation of bilateral optic atrophy, bilateral sensory neural deafness, predominant posterior column involvement and pyramidal tract myelopathy, with ataxic polyneuropathy. The exact etiopathogenesis remains unresolved, and several factors have been proposed including malnutrition, vitamin B deficiencies, malabsorption, poor protein consumption, chronic cyanide, and nitrile toxicity, with a strong geospatial endemic prevalence in areas of cassava cultivation.

University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test Abnormalities in Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Olfactory dysfunction is a predominant non - motor symptom in patients with Parkinson's disease. Indian studies on olfactory loss using standardized kits are lacking.

Objective: 1) To assess the olfactory impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease 2) To verify the applicability of UPSIT to Indian subjects 3) To assess the correlation between olfactory dysfunction and duration, stage and severity of the illness.

The Relationship between Nerve Conduction Study and Clinical Grading of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.

Introduction: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is the most common nerve entrapment. Subjective sensory symptoms are common place in patients with CTS, but sometimes they are not supported by objective findings in the neurological examination. Electrodiagnostic (EDx) studies are a valid and reliable means of confirming the diagnosis.

Olfactory abnormalities in temporal lobe epilepsy.

We studied olfactory function in a cohort of 25 temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients and 25 healthy controls. Our objectives were to measure olfactory acuity in patients with right, left or bilateral TLE and compare them with age and sex matched controls, and to correlate olfactory acuity with duration of seizure, baseline seizure control and the number of drugs used. Olfactory impairment is common in neurological disorders and dysfunction of the temporo-limbic neural substrates involved in olfactory perception is noted in TLE.

Increased serum alkaline phosphatase and serum phosphate as predictors of mortality after stroke.

Context: Serum Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) & phosphate are considered to be indicators of vascular calcification. Link between bone metabolism, vascular calcification, cardiovascular events have been well studied in chronic kidney disease and ischemic heart disease.

Aims: To determine that increased serum phosphate and alkaline phosphatase are predictors of mortality rates and recurrent vascular events in stroke.

Usefulness of superficial peroneal nerve/peroneus brevis muscle biopsy in the diagnosis of vasculitic neuropathy.

Sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic yield of the superficial peroneal nerve (SPN)/peroneus brevis muscle (PBM) biopsy in 43 patients with clinically suspected vasculitic neuropathy was studied. Biopsies were classified as "definite", "suspicious" or "possible" in accordance with established criteria. Vasculitis was detected in 27 patients (21 with non-systemic vasculitis, and six with systemic vasculitis).

Cryptococcal osteomyelitis of the skull in a patient with transient lymphopenia.

Cryptococcus neoformans is a rarely reported cause for osteomyelitis. We report an extremely unusual case of calvarial cryptococcal osteomyelitis in a 42-year-old sub-optimally immunocompetent male. This case discusses the atypical presentations of cryptococcosis in HIV-negative patients and its importance of early diagnosis.