Prevalence and molecular characterization of multidrug-resistant coagulase negative staphylococci from urban wastewater in Delhi-NCR, India.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is global health concern escalating rapidly in both clinical settings and environment. The effluent from pharmaceuticals and hospitals may contain diverse antibiotics, exerting selective pressure to develop AMR. To study the aquatic prevalence of drug-resistant staphylococci, sampling was done from river Yamuna (3 sites) and wastewater (7 sites) near pharmaceutical industries in Delhi-NCR, India.

A Review on Colistin Resistance: An Antibiotic of Last Resort.

Antibiotic resistance has emerged as a significant global public health issue, driven by the rapid adaptation of microorganisms to commonly prescribed antibiotics. Colistin, previously regarded as a last-resort antibiotic for treating infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria, is increasingly becoming resistant due to chromosomal mutations and the acquisition of resistance genes carried by plasmids, particularly the genes. The mobile colistin resistance gene (-1) was first discovered in from China in 2016.

Interaction with lipopolysaccharide is key to efficacy of tryptophan- and arginine-rich α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone analogs against Gram-negative bacteria.

In order to search for novel antibacterial therapeutics against Gram-negative bacteria, the antibacterial efficacies and mechanism of action of tryptophan- and arginine-rich α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone analogs were investigated. We performed a killing assay to determine their efficacy; fluorescence, microscopic studies were used to understand their mechanism and peptide-lipopolysaccharide interaction. A checkerboard assay was used to find the effective combination of peptide and antibiotics.

Mitigating the toxicity of palmitoylated analogue of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone(11-13) by conjugation with gold nanoparticle: characterisation and antibacterial efficacy against methicillin sensitive and resistant Staphylococccus aureus.

In an attempt to develop potent and non-toxic antimicrobial agent, the palmitoylated analogue of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone(11-13), Pal-α-MSH(11-13) was conjugated with gold nanoparticles (GNPs) for the first time and the efficacy of derived complex was investigated against two strains of Staphylococccus aureus. The GNPs were synthesized using tri-sodium citrate as reductant and Pal-α-MSH(11-13) was conjugated thereafter. The particles were characterised by UV-vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy etc.

Lentic and effluent water of Delhi-NCR: a reservoir of multidrug-resistant bacteria harbouring blaCTX-M, blaTEM and blaSHV type ESBL genes.

Antimicrobial resistance is not restricted to clinics but also spreading fast in the aquatic environment. This study focused on the prevalence and diversity of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes among bacteria from lentic and effluent water in Delhi-NCR, India. Phenotypic screening of 436 morphologically distinct bacterial isolates collected from diverse sites revealed that 106 (∼24%) isolates were ESBL positive.

Plasmid-Mediated Ampicillin, Quinolone, and Heavy Metal Co-Resistance among ESBL-Producing Isolates from the Yamuna River, New Delhi, India.

Antibiotic resistance is one of the major current global health crises. Because of increasing contamination with antimicrobials, pesticides, and heavy metals, the aquatic environment has become a hotspot for emergence, maintenance, and dissemination of antibiotic and heavy metal resistance genes among bacteria. The aim of the present study was to determine the co-resistance to quinolones, ampicillin, and heavy metals among the bacterial isolates harboring extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) genes.

Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Culture Supernatant of sp. ARY1 and Their Antibacterial Activity.

Purpose: In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were biosynthesized using culture supernatant of strain sp. ARY1, characterized and their antibacterial activity was investigated against Gram-negative bacteria and

Methods: The strain sp. ARY1 was isolated from river Yamuna, Delhi and used for biosynthesis of AgNPs via extracellular approach.

Anti-Bacterial and Anti-Candidal Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized Using spp. MS5 Culture Supernatant.

The present study described the extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using environmental bacterial isolate spp. MS5 culture supernatant. To our best knowledge, no previous study reported the biosynthesis of AgNPs using this bacterial isolate.

Application of FTIR-ATR spectroscopy to confirm the microwave assisted synthesis and curing of Cashew nut shell liquid derived nanostructured materials.

The present work reports the development of nanostructured material from Cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL, an agro byproduct of cashew industry, 87% cardanol) to evaluate their potential in antibacterial applications as a substitute of petroleum feedstock via an energy-efficient method. The nanostructured material was synthesized by coordination polymerization reaction of cardanol and divalent Mn(II) salt with the aid of microwave irradiations. FTIR spectroscopy was used to confirm the proposed structure of the synthesized materials.

Antibiotics, Resistome and Resistance Mechanisms: A Bacterial Perspective.

History of mankind is regarded as struggle against infectious diseases. Rather than observing the withering away of bacterial diseases, antibiotic resistance has emerged as a serious global health concern. Medium of antibiotic resistance in bacteria varies greatly and comprises of target protection, target substitution, antibiotic detoxification and block of intracellular antibiotic accumulation.

Prevalence and diversity of TEM, SHV and CTX-M variants among multidrug resistant spp. from an urban riverine environment in India.

In the present study, we have investigated prevalence and diversity of ESBL genes among isolates obtained from highly polluted stretch of river Yamuna, India. Phenotypic screenings of 116 isolates revealed ~30% were positive for ESBL production. Antibiotic profiling showed multidrug resistance phenotype among 90% isolates.

Study of pandrug and heavy metal resistance among E. coli from anthropogenically influenced Delhi stretch of river Yamuna.

Escalating burden of antibiotic resistance that has reached new heights present a grave concern to mankind. As the problem is no longer confined to clinics, we hereby report identification of a pandrug resistant Escherichia coli isolate from heavily polluted Delhi stretch of river Yamuna, India. E.