Association between nocturia and anxiety in Parkinson's disease.

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine whether there exists any relationship between nocturia and anxiety in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Although the exact cause of anxiety and nocturia in PD is unknown, we hypothesized that there is a relationship between these two PD symptoms. Anxiety may exacerbate nocturia or an opposite relationship may be present in which nocturia may result in heightened levels of anxiety.

Factors affecting pain in Parkinson's disease.

Background: Despite being an important non-motor symptom of PD, pain remains largely understudied in PD patients. Experiencing symptoms of pain is highly disruptive of general functioning, as it may hinder both physical prowess and psychological well-being. Although pain is prevalent in the otherwise healthy geriatric population, its increased presence in PD, and the difficulty it poses when combined with other hallmark motor symptoms necessitates further investigation.