Publications by authors named "Afshan Bey"

Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to analyze nitric oxide (NO) levels in serum and saliva of smokers and nonsmokers with chronic periodontitis before and after dental treatment.
  • Participants were divided into three groups: nonsmokers with healthy gums, nonsmokers with chronic periodontitis, and smokers with chronic periodontitis, with NO levels measured using the Griess reaction.
  • Results showed that smokers had higher NO levels compared to nonsmokers, and treatment significantly reduced NO levels in both groups with periodontitis, indicating NO could be a useful indicator of gum inflammation in smokers.
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Article Synopsis
  • Tobacco smoke and smokeless tobacco (SLT) are both linked to poor periodontal health, but dual users of both have even worse outcomes.
  • The study compared four groups of males aged 20-35: exclusive smokers, tobacco chewers, dual users, and non-users, examining factors like oral hygiene, gingivitis, and probing depth.
  • Results showed dual users had the worst oral hygiene and the highest risk for gingival recession, indicating the combined effects of smoking and SLT use could significantly worsen periodontal health.
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Background: The objective was to assess the prevalence and the associated demographic factors of stress, anxiety, and depression among undergraduate (UG) Indian dental students and determine whether the pattern is different in government-run institutions and those managed by private authorities.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among dental UG students from five dental colleges. Snowball sampling was used to approach 776 potential participants, resulting in a complete response from 507 students.

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Background: This cross-sectional study investigated the bone mineral density (BMD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects with or without chronic periodontitis (CP).

Methods: A total of 120 subjects aged 35‒55, divided equally into four groups: i) T2DM with CP, ii) T2DM without CP, iii) CP alone, and iv) healthy patients, were included in this study. Clinical parameters like plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and probing pocket depth (PPD) were recorded.

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Giant cell fibroma (GCF) is a relatively rare lesion in the oral cavity. Despite having unique microscopic features, it can be easily misdiagnosed clinically as any common hyperplastic lesion. This report presents a case of a 21-year old male with a lesion involving the papilla between the mandibular central incisors.

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Background: The anterior-middle superior alveolar (AMSA) anesthetic technique has been reported to be a less traumatic alternative to several conventional nerve blocks and local infiltration for anesthesia of the maxillary teeth, their periodontium, and the palate. However, its anatomic basis remains controversial. The present study aimed to determine if the pattern of cortical and cancellous bone density in the maxillary premolar region can provide a rationale for the success of the AMSA anesthetic technique.

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Gingival enlargement is a common periodontal pathology seen in medically compromised patients. Although it is not the disease itself, certain medications used to treat these chronic diseases are known to precipitate the gingival enlargement. Periodontitis (PD) and gingival enlargement have been reported increasingly in patients with chronic renal failure.

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Background: Various medications are used in the treatment of chronic systemic diseases that affect the periodontium. Antidepressants in mentally depressed patients are prescribed for a long term, but their effect on the periodontium has not been studied adequately. A case-control study was conducted to know the effect of two commonly prescribed antidepressants - venlafaxine (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor [SNRI]) and fluoxetine (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor [SSRI]).

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Esthetic rehabilitation of edentulous site with horizontal ridge deficiency presents as one of the most challenging situations in implant practice. With the increase in popularity of dental implants, augmentation of the alveolar ridge and soft tissue has also become a routine procedure in most of the cases. Although hard-tissue augmentation is performed by other specialists also, a periodontist needs to master the skills of soft-tissue management to deliver esthetic and functional results in implant-supported prostheses.

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Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the utility of plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) as marker of periodontal disease by estimating TAC of periodontally healthy and chronic periodontitis patients and the impact of scaling and root planning on total antioxidant status of periodontitis patients.

Materials And Methods: Blood plasma samples were collected from randomly selected eighty individuals (40 periodontally healthy controls and 40 chronic periodontitis patients), with an age range of 20-45 years and were analyzed for TAC by ferric reducing antioxidant power assay. Scaling and root planing was performed in periodontitis patients, and TAC level was measured again after 3 weeks.

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Necrotizing periodontitis is a distinct and specific disease characterized by rapidly progressing ulceration of the interdental gingiva and then spreading along the gingival margins and leading to acute destruction of periodontal tissues. Necrotizing ulcerative gingival lesions are common in developing countries because of poor nutritional status, poor oral hygiene and debilitating conditions. In the developed world it is mostly seen in patients with the HIV infections and other immune system dysfunctions.

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In its pursuit of understanding the wonders of human body, mankind has stumbled upon yet another discovery which not only is a key to chest of unanswered queries but also opens a plethora of new possibilities. Till recently the osteocytes were considered latent cells merely entrapped in the matrix of bone. With the discovery of beta-catenin pathway and sclerostin molecule, these cells are now being recognized to perform a multitude of physiological functions which are important to bone function and turnover.

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Background: Instrumentation of the root surface, results in formation of a smear layer of organic and mineralized debris which serves as a physical barrier, inhibiting new connective tissue attachment to the root surface. The present study advocates the use of an endodontic irrigant MTAD (mixture of tetracycline, citric acid and detergent) as a root conditioning agent. The main aim of the study was to compare the root conditioning ability of an endodontic irrigant MTAD (mixture of tetracycline, acid and detergent) with 17% EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid).

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Objective: C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute-phase reactant and has been proved to be a significant predictor of future cardiovascular events. Recent studies have demonstrated a correlation between periodontitis and elevated CRP levels. However, most of the studies have focused on chronic periodontitis and very few studies are done in patients with aggressive periodontitis.

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Aims And Objectives: (1) To evaluate the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus on salivary TNF-α level in chronic periodontitis. (2) To evaluate the effect of smoking on salivary TNF-α level in chronic periodontitis. (3) To compare and correlate TNF-α level with the healthy individuals.

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Every society provides a unique soil for a health-care programmer to build upon. Indian society is similarly unique in factors such as social mindset, prevalent beliefs and customs. These factors should not be given a passive glance and should be explored carefully giving an adequate weight to each factor's background and its progress to the present status in contemporary dental practice.

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This article presents a case of giant cell granuloma in a 24-year-old man. Clinical, histopathological, and radiographic findings are discussed and a differential diagnosis and treatment plan are suggested. Clinical behavior among lesions may vary between nonaggressive and aggressive forms, and even radiographic appearances are not identical.

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Dental fluorosis is a condition which is said to be present when the morphologic features of a tooth are altered clinically, in the form of discoloration or anatomic malformation which is attributed to the developmental changes induced by excess fluoride levels in plasma at the time of tooth formation. In India, an estimated 60 million people are at risk and 6 million people are disabled due to fluorosis. Lack of understanding into the effects of fluorosis on periodontium has left a blind spot in the vision of management of periodontitis in such patient groups.

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Purpose: Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor in periodontal diseases. The pathogenesis of periodontal diseases may be affected by alterations of the inflammatory response by smoke. Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous, colorless, highly reactive, short-lived free radical with a pivotal role in the regulation of various physiological and pathological mechanisms in the body.

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Hereditary gingival fibromatosis is a rare condition characterized by various degree of gingival overgrowth. It usually develops as an isolated disorder but can manifest with multisystem syndrome. We are here presenting a case of a 13-year-old girl who presented with severe enlargement of gingiva covering all most the entire crown involving both maxillary and mandibular arches.

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Article Synopsis
  • * The primary methods for diagnosing and treating OSA are polysomnography and CPAP, but the American Academy of Sleep Medicine now endorses oral appliances as a treatment option as well.
  • * Factors such as obesity, craniofacial abnormalities, age, and lifestyle choices contribute to the risk of developing OSA, but effective treatments can enhance physical health, mental well-being, and overall quality of life.
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Introduction: Acute gingival bleeding can occasionally be the only sign of systemic bleeding problems. The diagnosis and management of such conditions may challenge the skills of the dentist.

Case Report: The present report describes a case of severe, prolonged gingival bleeding in a 54-year-old woman as a consequence of Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection.

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Oral myiasis is a disease caused by larvae of housefly and associated with poor oral hygiene, mouth breathing and incompetent lips. The disease is characterized by presence of maggots in affected parts of the body and is usually seen in tropical countries, although cases have been reported from other parts of the world. There are various methods for treating this disease.

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