Perioperative Outcomes and Early Survival in Octogenarians Who Underwent Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer.

Objective: To evaluate perioperative outcomes and early survival in a series of octogenarians who underwent radical cystectomy (RC) and urinary diversion for bladder cancer.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the clinical records of 44 patients aged ≥80 years who underwent open RC and urinary diversion at 2 high-volume centers between July 2013 and December 2015. Estimated blood loss (EBL), transfusion rate, and length of hospital stay (LOS) were evaluated.

Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy.

Partial nephrectomy is the standard treatment for small renal masses. Currently, it is commonly performed using minimally invasive approaches, including laparoscopic and robot-assisted techniques. The aim of the present review is to report the surgical technique of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy in full detail as well as available literature results.

[The robotic surgeon training].

The widespread robotic surgery in the world highlighted the relevance of the training programs for young urologists and residents. In the last years, urologic societies and some independent robotic surgeons strongly worked to standardize some general and specific training modules. Theoretical and practical sections of robotic training programs have been recently specified.