Association of a DASH diet and magnetoencephalography in dementia-free adults with different risk levels of Alzheimer's disease.

This study explored how adherence to the DASH diet relates to electrophysiological measures in individuals at varying Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk due to family history (FH). There were 179 dementia-free subjects. DASH index was calculated, and participants were classified into different DASH adherence groups.

[Role of diet in the prevention and development of Crohn's Disease].

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic recurrent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with frequent ileocolic location, although it can affect the entire gastrointestinal tract. It is characterized by the development of skipped lesions and transmural inflammation and its incidence is increasing. The etiology and pathogenesis are related to genetic susceptibility, intestinal microbiota, dysbiosis, immunological abnormalities and environmental factors (tobacco use, NSAIDs, oral contraceptives and diet).

[Dietary patterns associated with obesity and its comorbidities].

Obesity is a major public health challenge. In Spain the prevalence of excess of weight and obesity and is 56 % and 19 %, respectively, and it is linked to numerous preventable chronic diseases. Nutritional epidemiology focused on nutrients has evolved towards the study of dietary patterns that consider synergistic interactions between foods and nutrients.

Change in clusters of lifestyle behaviours from childhood to adolescence: a longitudinal analysis.

This study aimed to identify changes in clusters of lifestyle behaviours (physical activity, screen time and diet) between the ages of 7 and 14 years, and to examine socio-demographic determinants of changes. Longitudinal analyses were performed on a sample of 9339 children from the UK Millennium Cohort Study (MCS) who had complete data on behaviours of interest at age 7 (wave 4) and 14 years (wave 6). Joint Correspondence Analysis (JCA) and k-means cluster analysis were used to identify clusters of lifestyle behaviours at both time waves.

Dietary habits across the primary-secondary school transition: A systematic review.

Introduction: The transition to secondary school involves significant changes in children's social and physical environment, which are often accompanied by changes in dietary habits. However, evidence around how dietary habits change during this life-stage transition is variable.

Objective: This review aimed to identify, critically appraise, and summarise the wide-ranging evidence on changes in dietary habits across the primary-secondary school transition.

Lifestyle Clusters of Diet Quality, Sleep, and Screen Time and Associations with Weight Status in Children from Madrid City: ENPIMAD Study.

Background: Childhood overweight and obesity is a global concern and has increased in Spain over the last decades. Combinations of lifestyle behaviors (i.e.

Association between Mineral Intake and Cognition Evaluated by Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA): A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Mineral intake may protect against cognitive impairment (CI) and all-cause dementia, which affects a large number of adults worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between mineral intake and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), which is a sensitive and specific test.

Methods: In total, 201 adults were included in a cross-sectional study.

[Weight status, body composition, and diet quality of Spanish schoolchildren according to their level of adherence to the 24-hour movement guidelines].

Introduction: moderate to vigorous physical activity, limiting sedentary behaviors, and getting adequate rest are lifestyle factors that help prevent overweight and obesity. However, there are few studies that relate all of these factors to weight status, body composition, and diet quality in school children. Objective: to assess the differences in anthropometric status and diet quality in a group of Spanish schoolchildren, according to their level of adherence to the 24-hour movement guidelines.

[Importance of nutrition during pregnancy. Impact on the composition of breast milk].

The consumption of a healthy diet is essential during the preconception period, pregnancy and lactation to guarantee maternal-fetal and newborn health. It is important to take into account when configuring the maternal diet that inadequate intakes of vitamins and minerals, as well as a high consumption of foods or beverages with refined sugar increase the incidence of low birth weight infants, while the adequate consumption of micronutrients and carbohydrates (mainly integral) can decrease it. Prenatal consumption of fish is also associated with less intrauterine growth retardation.

[Importance of choline in cognitive function].

Choline is a critical nutrient for cognitive development, metabolism and liver function, and regulation of homocysteine metabolism. It is necessary for the synthesis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, the synthesis of betaine and that of phosphatidylcholine. In the perinatal stage, the contribution of choline is essential to guarantee optimal cognitive development and prevent neural tube defects.

Physical activity practice and sports preferences in a group of Spanish schoolchildren depending on sex and parental care: a gender perspective.

Background: Physical activity plays an important role in the maintenance of health, and it is especially important during childhood. However, the lack of information about differences in physical activity practice and sports preferences of children considering gender differences can result in non-effective policies that enhance inequalities between sexes. The aim of this study is to identify the sports preferences of Spanish schoolchildren and their physical activity practice behaviors depending on their sex and their parental care, analyzing the possible differences from a gender perspective.

The relationship between physical activity, apolipoprotein E ε4 carriage, and brain health.

Background: Neuronal hyperexcitability and hypersynchrony have been described as key features of neurophysiological dysfunctions in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) continuum. Conversely, physical activity (PA) has been associated with improved brain health and reduced AD risk. However, there is controversy regarding whether AD genetic risk (in terms of APOE ε4 carriage) modulates these relationships.

The association of parents' behaviors related to salt with 24 h urinary sodium excretion of their children: A Spanish cross-sectional study.

Background: Sodium intake is excessive among Spanish children, but the salt use behaviors of parents and children are unknown. This study aims to determine behaviors related to salt intake in both schoolchildren and parents and the relationship between parental behaviors and 24 h urinary sodium excretion (UNa-24h) in children.

Subjects And Methods: A convenience sample was taken from a cross-sectional analysis.

[Controversies and errors related to nutrition and breastfeeding. Guidelines for improvement].

Although the benefits of breastfeeding are clear and well documented, for both newborns and nursing mothers, breastfeeding rates worldwide are not optimal in many cases. There are multiple myths and errors related to breastfeeding: that certain foods cannot be consumed during breastfeeding, that, however, certain foods must be consumed to increase milk production, that composition of breast milk is not adequate in some cases, that breastfeeding is associated with more risk of suffering caries… Therefore, the objective of this article is to clarify the reality about these aspects of breastfeeding.

[Role of yogurt in children's breakfast].

Some studies link children and adolescents breakfast habits with a better quality of the diet and higher intake of nutrients in general, and lower adiposity and cardiometabolic risk, which highlights the important role of this meal. A quality breakfast should include at least three food groups: cereals, dairy and fruits. However, the most frequent breakfast of Spanish schoolchildren combines only dairy and cereals.

Sources of Dietary Sodium in Food and Beverages Consumed by Spanish Schoolchildren between 7 and 11 Years Old by the Degree of Processing and the Nutritional Profile.

Excessive salt intake has negative effects on health and persists as a dietary problem in Spanish children. However, the analysis of dietary sodium sources has not been extensively studied. A group of 321 children between 7 and 11 years old from five Spanish regional communities was studied.

[Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors involved in excess weight].

Objectives: given the growing increase in overweight and obesity, it is important to pay attention to all sociodemographic and lifestyle influences that contribute to unbalance the energy balance, favoring this trend.

Methods: bibliographic searching in relation to the subject.

Results: as factors associated with the obesity condition, it is observed that sedentary lifestyle, scarce physical activity, passive leisure and a high number of hours in front of screens (TV, computer.

[Importance of breakfast in the nutritional and health improvement of the population].

Breakfast is one of the more controversial meals, considered as the most important of the day on some occasions and questioned in others. The first difficulty in analyzing the evidence of a relationship between breakfast and health is the definition of what a healthy breakfast is, based on its energy content, the frequency of its consumption and the type of food that are included in it. The breakfast of the Spanish population is improvable, since a high percentage of the child and adult Spanish population makes an insufficient breakfast or incorporates food with an inadequate nutritional profile.