The Relationship of Serum Diabetes Antibodies With the Development of Early Diabetic Retinopathy Findings in Children With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.

Purpose: To explore how serum diabetes autoantibodies are related to the development of early diabetic retinopathy in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: In this prospective and observational study, 62 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus who had not yet developed clinical diabetic retinopathy were followed up for at least 5 years. Healthy volunteers aged 10 to 20 years were also included.

Association between the ARMS2 rs10490924 risk genotype and dry-age related macular degeneration patients with and without reticular pseudodrusen in a Turkish population: findings from a study conducted at a tertiary clinic.

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between the presence of reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) and the risk allele of ARMS2 rs10490924 variation in dry-AMD patients by using multimodal imaging. Also, to compare patients with and without RPD and healthy volunteers according to the distribution of the risk allele.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, dry-AMD patients with (Group A, n = 50) and without (Group B, n = 50) RPD and healthy volunteers (Group C, n = 50) were enrolled.

Thrombotic Microangiopathy Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case of Purtscher-like Retinopathy.

Purtscher-like retinopathy (PLR) is a rare entity related with retinal ischemia due to endothelial dysfunction and embolization. We present a case of a 17-year-old patient who presented with PLR associated with transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy. Visual acuity was finger counting at 1 meter in both eyes.

A CASE OF ALSTRÖM SYNDROME WITH A NOVEL VARIANT IN ALMS1 GENE PRESENTING WITH CONE ROD DYSTROPHY AS FIRST FINDING.

Purpose: Alström Syndrome (AS) is a rare autosomal recessive monogenic ciliopathy which is caused by a mutation of the Alström syndrome 1 (ALMS1) gene. It is a multisystemic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, childhood obesity, cardiomyopathy, progressive hepatic and renal failure, sensorineural hearing loss and retinal degeneration. Herein, we aimed to report a novel variant in ALMS1 gene causing AS in a patient presenting with visual impairment.

The Impact of COVID-19 Infection on Macular Capillary Perfusion.

Objectives: Thromboembolic complications related to the COVID-19 infection are frequently reported. This study aims to evaluate the impact of a prior non-severe COVID-19 infection on retinal microcirculation with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: A total of 83 eyes of 43 patients with a history of non-severe COVID-19 infection confirmed with a positive PCR test (Group 1) and 30 healthy controls (Group 2) underwent detailed eye examination, including optic coherence tomography angiography (OCTA, RTVue-XR Avanti) scanning.

Multimodal Imaging of Reticular Pseudodrusen in Turkish Patients.

Objectives: To investigate the presence and prevalence of reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) in patients with age-related macular degeneration using multiple imaging modalities and to compare the sensitivity and specificity of these modalities in the detection of RPD.

Materials And Methods: Images from a total of 198 consecutive patients were analyzed prospectively. Color fundus photography, red-free imaging, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), infrared and blue reflectance (BR) imaging, fundus autofluorescence (FAF), enhanced-depth imaging OCT (EDI-OCT), fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography were performed.

Comparison of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Findings between Healthy Children and Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Autoimmune Thyroiditis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the development of early diabetic retinopathy (DR) findings, a microvascular complication, between patients with isolated type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) (Group 1), concurrent T1DM and autoimmune thyroiditis (AT) (Group 2), and healthy controls (Group 3), who were matched for age, sex, number, and body mass index for comparison.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study that included individuals aged 10-20 years, and patients in Groups 1 and 2 had been followed up for ≥5 years. None of them developed clinical DR during the follow-up period.

Expert recommendations for the management of diabetic macular edema with intravitreal dexamethasone implant: A Turkish Delphi study.

Purpose: To provide consensus on the clinical use of intravitreal dexamethasone (DEX) implant for the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME) in Turkey.

Methods: A panel of 22 retina experts prepared 77 statements of recommendation, and 80 retinal specialists practicing in Turkey were chosen to vote either in support or against each one. A Delphi-based method was used through which the ophthalmologists were able to view all of the results anonymously after two rounds and modify their subsequent answers.

Evaluation of Choroidal Vascular Index in Amblyopic Patients.

Objectives: To compare subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and choroidal vascular index (CVI) in patients with hyperopic refractive and strabismic amblyopia and healthy subjects.

Materials And Methods: The study included 17 patients with strabismic amblyopia (Group 1), 29 patients with hyperopic refractive amblyopia (Group 2), and 16 eyes of 16 healthy volunteers (Group 3). Best corrected visual acuity was noted in all patients and volunteers.

Optic coherence tomography angiography findings in fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis.

Purpose: To evaluate macular capillary perfusion in patients with fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis (FHI) by using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Material And Method: A total of 19 eyes of 19 patients with unilateral FHI underwent detailed eye examination. OCTA (RTVue-XR Avanti) images were obtained from both eyes.

Aflibercept Treatment Results and Association with Baseline Characteristics in Cases of Newly Diagnosed Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Objectives: To evaluate functional and anatomical responses to intravitreal aflibercept (IVA) treatment in newly diagnosed and untreated neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nvAMD) cases and to investigate the effect of baseline lesion characteristics on anatomical responses.

Materials And Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study included a series of 139 eyes of 133 patients that were diagnosed with active nvAMD and had not been treated. All eyes were subjected to complete ophthalmological examination, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and fluorescein angiography, and 42 eyes also underwent indocyanine green angiography.

Radiation-Induced Ocular Surface Disorders and Retinopathy: Ocular Structures and Radiation Dose-Volume Effect.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the radiation-induced adverse effects on ocular structures in head and neck cancer patients and investigate the radiation dose-volume effects on the cornea, lacrimal gland, retina, optic nerve and chiasm.

Materials And Methods: A total of 38 eyes of 19 patients were included in this prospective, cohort study. All patients underwent complete ophthalmological examination in addition to contrast sensitivity, visual field and visual evoked potentials (VEP) tests.

Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Correlates with Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid Neurofilament Levels and is Associated with Current Disability in Multiple Sclerosis.

Introduction: The main purpose of the present study is to confirm Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (pRNFL) thickness is a biomarker of axonal degeneration in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and to evaluate its relationship with Neurofilament heavy chain (NfH) and Nitrotyrosine (NT).

Method: We quantified serum (s) and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) NfH and NT levels in 30 relapsing-remitting MS patients (RRMS), 16 secondary progressive MS (SPMS) patients and in 29 control subjects matched for age and gender. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements of pRNFL were performed in all subjects.

Multimodal Imaging of Isolated Foveal Hypoplasia: A Case Report.

Fovea hipoplazisi, normal foveanın gelişmemesi ile karakterizedir. İzole veya başka oküler durumlarda sekonder olarak gelişebilmektedir. Optik koherens tomografi (OKT), floresein anjiyografi, fundus otofloresans ve OKT anjiyografi tanıda kullanılabilir.

Subgroups and Features of Poor Responders to Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment in Eyes with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the incidence of poor response to intravitreal (IV) anti-VEGF treatment in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nvAMD) and to define subgroups of poor responders.

Materials And Methods: A total of 235 treatment-naive eyes of 202 patients completed this prospective study. Patients younger than 50 years of age and those with a contraindication for anti-VEGF therapy were excluded.

Paracentral Acute Middle Maculopathy.

Paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) is a variant of acute macular neuroretinopathy which is characterized by a hyperreflective band-like lesion in the inner nuclear layer and outer plexiform layer on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). The etiology is believed to involve vasopressor exposure or systemic microvascular diseases that cause retinal ischemia. SD-OCT is the main imaging method in the diagnosis or evaluation of progression of PAMM, whereas multimodal imaging is useful to support the diagnosis.

Assessment of macular capillary perfusion in patients with inactive Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease: an optical coherence tomography angiography study.

Purpose: To assess macular capillary perfusion in patients with inactive Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease by using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: A total of 51 eyes of 51 patients with inactive VKH (group 1, n = 23) and healthy volunteers (group 2, n = 28) underwent detailed eye examination including OCTA (RTVue-XR Avanti) scanning. OCTA images (6 × 6 mm) were assessed for central retinal thickness (CRT), subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), vessel densities (VD) in superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP), choriocapillaris (CC) flow area and vessel flow density (VFD), foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area and acircularity index (AI).

Atypical Presentation of Choroidal Folds: Steroid-induced Central Serous Chorioretinopathy-like Maculopathy.

This article reports a case of choroidal folds and central serous chorioretinopathy-like maculopathy induced by corticosteroid treatment. The patient was a 70-year-old woman who presented with decreased visual acuity in the right eye. She had a history of rheumatoid arthritis and was prescribed 20 mg leflunomide and 16 mg corticosteroid daily.

Dexamethasone Implant in Patients with Diabetic Macular Edema Resistant to Anti-VEGF Therapy.

Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of single dose intravitreal dexamethasone implant in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) resistant to anti-VEGF therapy.

Materials And Methods: Twenty eyes of 14 patients (8 male, 6 female; mean age, 65±5.7 years) with DME resistant to intravitreal ranibizumab injections were studied.

The Preventive Effect of Oxytocin on Retinopathy in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of intravitreal and intraperitoneal use of oxytocin (OT) on retinopathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four 6–8-week-old adult male and female Sprague Dawley rats were used in the study. Diabetes was induced in the rats with a single injection of intraperitoneal streptozotocin.

The efficacy of "IOL-Vip Revolution" telescopic intraocular lens in age-related macular degeneration cases with senile cataract.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of the IOL-Vip Revolution telescopic intraocular lens in age-related macular degeneration patients.

Methods: A total of 13 eyes of 12 age-related macular degeneration patients with senile cataract were enrolled. Selection of the patients was done by means of a low vision diagnostic and rehabilitative program (IOL-Vip software) that evaluates residual visual function.

Vitreoretinal Interface Characteristics in Eyes with Idiopathic Macular Holes: Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis.

Objectives: To determine the qualitative and quantitative vitreoretinal interface characteristics with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in eyes with macular hole (MH) and investigate their relation with best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and MH duration.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-one eyes of 46 consecutive patients diagnosed with idiopathic MH were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 66.

Direct Treatment Costs of Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration and Comparison of Gained and/or Preserved Vision with Expenditure.

Objectives: The aim was to quantify the direct medical cost of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) versus gained or preserved vision.

Materials And Methods: Data of patients treated for neovascular AMD between January 2009 to January 2014 were reviewed. Patients with complete follow-up for two years, treated with only intravitreal ranibizumab injections and with no intraocular surgery were included.