Myco-fabricated silver nanoparticle by novel soil fungi from Saudi Arabian desert and antimicrobial mechanism.

Biological agents are getting a noticeable concern as efficient eco-friendly method for nanoparticle fabrication, from which fungi considered promising agents in this field. In the current study, two fungal species (Embellisia spp. and Gymnoascus spp.

Proteomics of for a Deeper Understanding of Lead (Pb) Metal Bioremediation.

(), a ubiquitous filamentous fungus, has demonstrated remarkable potential in the bioremediation of lead-contaminated environments. Its inherent tolerance and bioaccumulation capacity for lead (Pb), coupled with its relatively rapid growth rate, make it an attractive candidate for bioremediation applications. This study aims to identify the proteomic changes in induced by Pb metal stress and unravel the roles of identified proteins in molecular mechanisms and cellular responses.

The antimicrobial activity of tea tree oil () and its metal nanoparticles in oral bacteria.

Tea tree () oil (TTO) is an antimicrobial agent, and hence, its use in fabricating nanoparticles (NP) may be useful in providing more efficacious antimicrobial agents. The current research aimed to test the antimicrobial efficacy of TTO and its TTO-Metal-NPs against oral microbes: , , and . The antimicrobial activity of TTO and zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) nanoparticles (NPs) and the combined effects of antimicrobial agents were investigated using agar well diffusion assays.

Characterization of species: ability in nanoparticles fabrication and the antimicrobial activity against human pathogenic bacteria.

The present work aimed at differentiating five species from Saudi Arabia according to their morphology and the ability in nanoparticle formulation. Biogenic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized from leaf extracts of the five species and characterized by different techniques. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to identify the phyto-constituents of species.

Exploring the potential of Ziziphus nummularia and luteolin-7-O-glucoside as tubulin inhibitors in cancer therapy and survival.

Cancer is responsible for approximately 10 million deaths worldwide, with 70% of the deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries; as such safer and more effective anti-cancer drugs are required. Therefore, the potential benefits of Ziziphus nummularia and Ziziphus spina-christi as sources of anti-cancer agents were investigated. Z.

Bimetallic nanoparticles and biochar produced by shell and their effect against tomato pathogenic fungi.

. is a royal tree that is highly valued in Africa for its medicinal and nutritional properties. The objective of this study was to use its fruit shell extract to develop new, powerful mono and bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) and biochar (BC) using an eco-friendly approach.

Bioactive silver nanoparticles fabricated using Lasiurus scindicus and Panicum turgidum seed extracts: anticancer and antibacterial efficiency.

Applying extracts from plants is considered a safe approach in biomedicine and bio-nanotechnology. The present report is considered the first study that evaluated the seeds of Lasiurus scindicus and Panicum turgidum as biogenic agents in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) which had bioactivity against cancer cells and bacteria. Assessment of NPs activity against varied cell lines (colorectal cancer HCT116 and breast cancer MDA MBA 231 and MCF 10A used as control) was performed beside the antibacterial efficiency.

Mycorrhized wheat and bean plants tolerate bismuth contaminated soil via improved metal detoxification and antioxidant defense systems.

Contamination of agricultural fields with bismuth (Bi) reduces crop yield and quality. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are known to enhance plant growth and crop production, even under stressful conditions such as soil contamination with heavy metals. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of AMF on the mitigation of Bi-phytotoxicity in wheat (Triticum aestivum) and beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) and to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the physiological and biochemical basis for the growth and development of AMF-induced plants under Bi stress conditions.

Enzyme-triggered approach to reduce water bodies' contamination using peroxidase-immobilized ZnO/SnO/alginate nanocomposite.

Enzyme immobilization on solid support offers advantages over free enzymes by overcoming characteristic limitations. To synthesize new stable and hyperactive nano-biocatalysts (co-precipitation method), ginger peroxidase (GP) was surface immobilized (adsorption) on ZnO/SnO and ZnO/SnO/SA nanocomposite with immobilization efficacy of 94 % and 99 %, respectively. Thereafter, catalytic and biochemical characteristics of free and immobilized GP were investigated by deploying various techniques, i.

Exploring and Biological Activities of and : Implications on Anticancer and Antibacterial Therapeutics.

Introduction: The adverse effects of clinically used anti-cancer medication and the rise in resistive micro-organisms have limited therapeutic options. Multiple anti-cancer drugs are derived from medicinal herbs which also have shown anti-bacterial effects. This study aimed to identify the optimal extraction solvent for detecting the cytotoxic and anti-bacterial effects of () and (s) extracts.

Chitosan nanoparticles upregulate C and N metabolism in soybean plants grown under elevated levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide.

Despite the wide utilization of chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) as a promising approach for sustainable agriculture, their efficiency under elevated CO (eCO), has not been evaluated. The interactive effects of CSNPs and eCO were evaluated on the growth and C and N metabolism of soybean plants. Plants were treated with CSNPs and grown under ambient CO (410 ppm, aCO) or eCO (645 ppm).

In silico Prediction of Metabolites and Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles - Opportunities for Safer Anti-Bacterial and Anti-Cancer Precision Medicine.

Introduction: Biogenic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) may be a feasible therapeutic option in the research and development towards selectively targeting specific cancers and microbial infections, lending a role in precision medicine. In-silico methods are a viable strategy to aid in drug discovery by identifying lead plant bioactive molecules for further wet lab and animal experiments.

Methods: Green synthesis of M-AgNPs was performed using the aqueous extract from the leaves, characterized using UV spectroscopy, FTIR, TEM, DLS, and EDS.

Proteomic Profiling Reveals Cytotoxic Mechanisms of Action and Adaptive Mechanisms of Resistance in : Treatment with and .

The increasing trend in the rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria pushes research to discover new efficacious antibacterial agents from natural and synthetic sources. is a well-known bacterium commonly known for causing periodontal disease, and it is associated with the pathogenesis of life-changing systemic conditions such as Alzheimer's. Proteomic research can be utilized to test new antibacterial drugs and understand the adaptive resistive mechanisms of bacteria; hence, it is important in the drug discovery process.

The impact of chromium toxicity on the yield and quality of rice grains produced under ambient and elevated levels of CO.

Rice is a highly valuable crop consumed all over the world. Soil pollution, more specifically chromium (Cr), decreases rice yield and quality. Future climate CO (eCO) is known to affect the growth and yield of crops as well as the quality parameters associated with human health.

Stress-driven metabolites of desert soil fungi.

Microorganisms produce secondary metabolites to survive under stressful conditions. The effect of drought and heat stress on fungi isolated from Arabian desert soil during the hot (ca 40°C) and cool (ca 10°C) seasons was studied using the genome mining approach. The presence of three stress-related genes (calmodulin, polyketide synthase and beta tubulin) was analyzed molecularly using specific primers.

Chitosan nanoparticles support the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi on growth and sugar metabolism of wheat crop.

Arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF) symbiosis is an indispensable approach in sustainable agriculture. AMF-plant association is likely to be enhanced by the nanoparticle's application. Herein, the impact of chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) on the mycorrhizal colonization in wheat has been investigated.

Nocardiopsis lucentensis and thiourea co-application mitigates arsenic stress through enhanced antioxidant metabolism and lignin accumulation in rice.

Arsenic (As) is a group-1 carcinogenic metalloid that threatens global food safety and security, primarily via its phytotoxicity in the staple crop rice. In the present study, ThioAC, the co-application of thiourea (TU, a non-physiological redox regulator) and N. lucentensis (Act, an As-detoxifying actinobacteria), was evaluated as a low-cost approach for alleviating As(III) toxicity in rice.

In Vitro Influence of ZnO, CrZnO, RuZnO, and BaZnO Nanomaterials on Bacterial Growth.

In this work, ZnO, CrZnO, RuZnO, and BaZnO nanomaterials were synthesized and characterized in order to study their antibacterial activity. The agar well diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays were used to determine the antibacterial activity of the fabricated nanomaterials against ATCC 29213, ATCC35218, ATCC 7000603, and ATCC 278533. The well-diffusion test revealed significant antibacterial activity against all investigated bacteria when compared to vancomycin at a concentration of 1 mg/mL.

-Mediated Nanoparticles and Biomedicines: In Silico Study and Molecular Prediction of Biomolecules.

An in silico approach applying computer-simulated models helps enhance biomedicines by sightseeing the pharmacology of potential therapeutics. Currently, an in silico study combined with in vitro assays investigated the antimicrobial ability of and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) fabricated by its aid. AgNPs mediated by were characterized using FTIR, TEM, SEM, and DLS.

Elevated CO differentially mitigates chromium (VI) toxicity in two rice cultivars by modulating mineral homeostasis and improving redox status.

Chromium (Cr) contamination reduces crop productivity worldwide. On the other hand, the expected increase in the future CO levels (eCO) would improve plant growth under diverse growth conditions. However, the synergetic effect of eCO has not been investigated at both physiological and biochemical levels in Cr-contaminated soil.

Metagenomic analysis of bacterial communities of Wadi Namar Lake, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Wadi Namar lake is a new touristic attraction area in the south of Riyadh. Human activities around the lake may lead to changes in water quality with subsequent changes in microenvironment components including microbial diversity. The current study was designed to assess possible changes in bacterial communities of the water at Wadi Namar Lake.

Comparison of the Anti-bacterial Efficacy of and Against , and : An Study.

The aim was to compare the antibacterial effectiveness of two herbal extracts (a) () and (b) () against (), () and (). Aqueous extracts from . were prepared by adding 2 grams of and , respectively to 100 ml distilled water.

Soil Fungi as Biomediator in Silver Nanoparticles Formation and Antimicrobial Efficacy.

Introduction And Objectives: Biogenic agents in nanoparticles fabrication are gaining great interest due to their lower possible negative environmental impacts. The present study aimed to isolate fungal strains from deserts in Saudi Arabia and assess their ability in silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) fabrication and evaluate their antibacterial effect.

Methods: Soil fungi were identified using 18s rDNA, and their ability in NPs fabrication was assessed as extracellular synthesis, then UV-vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were used for AgNPs characterization.

Interactive influence of elevated CO and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on sucrose and coumarin metabolism in Ammi majus.

The elevated level of CO (eCO) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been known as successful eco-friendly agents for plant growth and development as well as quality enhancers. The current investigation was designed to study the influence of eCO (620 μmol CO mol air) and AMF on sucrose and phenylpropanoid metabolism, including coumarins, the most important bioactive metabolite in Ammi majus. eCO and AMF were applied, and different parameters have been assessed in A.