Pure xanthine pediatric urolithiasis: A cause of acute renal failure.

Xanthine urolithiasis is usually a benign condition, easy to prevent or cure by appropriate alkalinization, forced hydration and restriction of dietary purines if diagnosed early. When unrecognized, xanthinuria can lead to end-stage renal failure or nephrectomy.

Phenibut Addiction in a Patient with Substance Use Disorder.

Phenibut, a γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) analog, is a synthetic, nootropic GABA receptor agonist used to treat anxiety, insomnia, alcohol withdrawal, and other conditions. The drug is licensed and widely used in Russia however, phenibut can be purchased through online vendors in other countries. The current literature on the effects of phenibut intoxication and withdrawal in humans is limited.