Electro-Hydrodynamic Drop-on-Demand Printing of Aqueous Suspensions of Drug Nanoparticles.

We demonstrate the ability to fabricate dosage forms of a poorly water-soluble drug by using wet stirred media milling of a drug powder to produce an aqueous suspension of nanoparticles and then print it onto a porous biocompatible film. Contrary to conventional printing technologies, a deposited material is pulled out from the nozzle. This feature enables printing highly viscous materials with a precise control over the printed volume.

Enhanced physical stabilization of fenofibrate nanosuspensions via wet co-milling with a superdisintegrant and an adsorbing polymer.

Drug nanoparticles in suspensions can form aggregates leading to physical instability, which is traditionally mitigated using soluble polymers and surfactants. The aim of this paper was to explore common superdisintegrants, i.e.

Polymer strip films as a robust, surfactant-free platform for delivery of BCS Class II drug nanoparticles.

The robustness of the polymer strip film platform to successfully deliver a variety of BCS Class II drug nanoparticles without the need for surfactant while retaining positive characteristics such as nanoparticle redispersibility and fast dissolution is demonstrated. Fenofibrate (FNB), griseofulvin (GF), naproxen (NPX), phenylbutazone (PB), and azodicarbonamide (AZD) were considered as model poorly water-soluble drugs. Their aqueous nanosuspensions, produced via wet stirred media milling, were mixed with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose solution containing glycerin as plasticizer, followed by casting and drying to form films.

Is the combination of cellulosic polymers and anionic surfactants a good strategy for ensuring physical stability of BCS Class II drug nanosuspensions?

Ensuring the physical stability of drug nanosuspensions prepared via wet media milling has been a challenge for pharmaceutical scientists. The aim of this study is to assess the combined use of non-ionic cellulosic polymers and anionic surfactants in stabilizing multiple drug nanosuspensions. Particle size of five drugs, i.

Evaluation of in-line Raman spectroscopic monitoring of size reduction during wet media milling of Biopharmaceutics Classification System Class II drugs.

The aim of this study was to evaluate in-line Raman spectroscopy for monitoring the progress of particle size reduction in real time during wet-stirred media milling of two Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Class II drugs, griseofulvin and naproxen. To develop a validated online Raman method, Raman analyses were carried out offline by taking samples from the mill at various milling times. A multivariate linear model (partial least squares, PLS) was fitted to the raw data obtained from the Raman measurements and good linearity between online and offline Raman spectra was found.

Impact of process parameters on the breakage kinetics of poorly water-soluble drugs during wet stirred media milling: a microhydrodynamic view.

Wet stirred media milling has proven to be a robust process for producing nanoparticle suspensions of poorly water-soluble drugs. As the process is expensive and energy-intensive, it is important to study the breakage kinetics, which determines the cycle time and production rate for a desired fineness. Although the impact of process parameters on the properties of final product suspensions has been investigated, scant information is available regarding their impact on the breakage kinetics.

A combined microhydrodynamics-polymer adsorption analysis for elucidation of the roles of stabilizers in wet stirred media milling.

Although polymers and surfactants are commonly used as stabilizers to impart physical stability to the suspensions produced by wet stirred media milling of poorly water-soluble drugs, scant information is available in pharmaceutical literature regarding their impact on the breakage kinetics. We present a combined microhydrodynamics-polymer adsorption analysis to elucidate the roles of stabilizers with a focus on the kinetics. Griseofulvin (GF), a model poorly water-soluble drug, was milled at various concentrations of hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) in the presence-absence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS).

Continuous production of drug nanoparticle suspensions via wet stirred media milling: a fresh look at the Rehbinder effect.

Nanoparticles of BCS Class II drugs are produced in wet stirred media mills operating in batch or recirculation mode with the goal of resolving the poor water-solubility issue. Scant information is available regarding the continuous production of drug nanoparticles via wet media milling. Griseofulvin and Naproxen were milled in both recirculation mode and multi-pass continuous mode to study the breakage dynamics and to determine the effects of suspension flow rate.