Evaluating prognostic indicators for in-hospital mortality in Fournier's gangrene: a 7-year study in a tertiary hospital.

Background: Fournier's Gangrene Scoring Index (FGSI), Simplified FGSI (SFGSI), Uludag FGSI (UFGSI), Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing (LRINEC), Neutrophil-Lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and Platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have been devised to assess the risk of mortality in Fournier's Gangrene (FG) patients. However, the effectiveness of these indicators in predicting mortality at the time of admission remains uncertain. The aim of this study is to assess the prognostic efficacy of FG's various indicators on in-hospital mortality.

Sublethal Effects of Cadmium on the Osmoregulatory and Acid-Base Parameters of Tilapia () at Various Times.

Background: Cadmium (Cd) can contaminate aquatic environments as a result of anthropogenic activity. Cd accumulates quickly in the tissues of fish and has the potential to affect their physiology, including osmoregulation and acid-base balance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the sublethal effects of Cd on the osmoregulation and acid-base balance of tilapia at different times.

Lost to Follow-Up among Tuberculosis Patients during the Public-Private Mix Era in Rural Area of Indonesia.

Background: Indonesia's national Tuberculosis (TB) strategy is public-private mix (PPM). The PPM aims to treat patients who have lost sight during TB treatment as these patients are TB carriers and at risk of transmitting TB. The purpose of this study was to identify predictive factors for loss to follow-up (LFTU) among TB patients receiving treatment when the PPM was at place in Indonesia.

Cadmium and zinc accumulation and depuration in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) tissues following sub-lethal exposure.

Oreochromis niloticus was subjected to sub-lethal Cd and Zn concentrations for 14 days in order to evaluate their accumulation in the gills, liver, and muscle. Following that, the fish were placed to uncontaminated water for 7 days to allow the metals to be removed from the tissues. The gills had the highest bio-concentration factor for Cd and Zn.

Assessment of the health risks related with metal accumulation in blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) caught in East Java coastal waters, Indonesia.

Blue swimming crab (BSC) Portunus pelagicus from the Bali Strait had the lowest Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, Cd and Hg concentrations compared to those from the Java Sea and the Madura Strait. The order of metal concentrations in BSC was Cu > Zn > Cr > Pb > Cd > Hg. The levels of six metals in BSC from all stations were less than the maximum allowable limits.

Comparative study of gut microbiota from decomposer fauna in household composter using metataxonomic approach.

Household composter is one of the fragmented habitats, which still ensures the survival of many animals, especially decomposer fauna. The components of organic matter in the composter are complex, thus providing opportunities for obtaining high diversity of decomposer fauna. The ability of decomposer fauna to break down organic matter may be supported by their gut microbiota.

Thermodynamics and solute-solvent interactions of lovastatin in an aqueous arginine solution.

Lovastatin (LVS) is an effective therapeutic and prophylactic agent in several cardiovascular disorders. However, it has low bioavailability. This study investigated solute-solvent and solute-cosolute interactions and assessed thermodynamic parameters that contributed to LVS solubility enhancement in the presence of arginine (ARG) as a hydrotropic agent.

Arginine Complexes with Simvastatin: Apparent Solubility, In Vitro Dissolution and Solid State Characterization.

Background: Categorized as a Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Class II drugs, statin exhibit low aqueous solubility and bioavailability thus presenting an obstacle and great challenge to formulation researchers. This paper describes a de novo approach to enhance the aqueous solubility of one of the most commonly prescribed statins i.e.

Corrigendum to "Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith: A Review of Its Ethnomedicinal, Chemical, and Pharmacological Uses".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2011/543216.].

Conductometric and volumetric studies of atorvastatin in aqueous solution of arginine from 298.15 to 313.15 K.

Categorized as a Biopharmaceutics Classification System Class II drugs, atorvastatin (ATV) exhibits low aqueous solubility and bioavailability thus presenting an obstacle and great challenge to formulation researchers. Numerous studies are available in regard to the solubility enhancement of ATV, but very few actually describe this phenomenon in terms of thermodynamics and the solute-solvent interaction. Arginine (ARG) is an amino acid that has been reported to enhance the solubility of the highly insoluble wheat protein gluten through hydrogen bonding and π electron-cation interaction.

Melastoma malabathricum (L.) Smith Ethnomedicinal Uses, Chemical Constituents, and Pharmacological Properties: A Review.

Melastoma malabathricum L. (Melastomataceae) is one of the 22 species found in the Southeast Asian region, including Malaysia. Considered as native to tropical and temperate Asia and the Pacific Islands, this commonly found small shrub has gained herbal status in the Malay folklore belief as well as the Indian, Chinese, and Indonesian folk medicines.

Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith: A Review of Its Ethnomedicinal, Chemical, and Pharmacological Uses.

Zingiber zerumbet Sm., locally known to the Malay as "Lempoyang," is a perennial herb found in many tropical countries, including Malaysia. The rhizomes of Z.

Serum IL-6 and micrometry of pap smears in women with cervical low-grade intraepithelial lesions.

Objective: To assess serum IL-6 in women with or without low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs) in Pap smears and correlate with the nucleo/cytoplasmic (N/C) ratio.

Methods: Manual micrometry was carried out on Pap smears for N/C ratios: Group A, negative findings (N=15); Group B, inflammation without abnormality (N=14); Group C, LSIL with inflammation (N=13). Serum IL-6 was measured in Groups B and C after treatment of nonviral genital infections.

Epidemiology of cervical carcinoma in Brunei Darussalam. Analysis of data on 27,208 women screened with cytologic examinations.

During the five-year period from January 1985 to December 1989 a total of 27,208 women, representing 44.0% of the total female population over age 15 years in Brunei Darussalam, underwent a cytologic examination. The majority of them were Malays (62.

Fine needle aspiration biopsy of a hepatic mass. An example of a near error.

Material obtained by fine needle aspiration (FNA) from a hepatic mass showed conflicting features in Papanicolaou-stained smears and hematoxylin-and-eosin-stained cell block sections. A sarcomatous lesion (metastatic pleomorphic liposarcoma) was suggested by the smears while the cell block sections revealed the lesion to be a lipid-rich hepatocellular carcinoma. The nature of this apparent discrepancy is discussed.

The endocervical smear as a simple and quick method for the determination of ovulation.

The endocervix undergoes cyclic changes in every menstrual cycle, as reflected by the rheologic properties of the cervical mucus. A study was therefore undertaken to establish whether there were any morphologic changes in the endocervical columnar cells, as seen in the endocervical smears, that could be correlated with ovulation and anovulation. An endocervical smear was collected in the luteal phase of the cycle from patients in whom an endometrial biopsy or D & C was being done as a part of an infertility investigation.

Single endometrial aspiration for determination of ovulation.

The possibility of utilizing a single endometrial aspiration for the determination of ovulation was explored and compared with endometrial histology, serial vaginal cytology and plasma progesterone. A total of 180 women with normal, regular cycles and no pelvic pathologic conditions were studied. A correlation of 90.

Detection of ovulation by a single endometrial aspiration smear. A preliminary report.

An attempt was made to detect ovulation in 106 normally menstruating women by studying a single endometrial aspiration smear taken just before an endometrial biopsy or D & C on about day 24 +/- 2 of the menstrual cycle. The interpretation of the smears was compared with the histology, and a correlation was observed in 92% of the cases. It is therefore concluded that a single endometrial aspiration smear can be used to detect ovulation.