Birth prevalence and determinants of neural tube defects among newborns in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Neural tube defects (NTDs) are complex multifactorial disorders in the neurulation of the brain and spinal cord that develop in humans between 21 and 28 days of conception. Neonates with NTDs may experience morbidity and mortality, with severe social and economic consequences. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the pooled prevalence and determinants for neural tube defects among newborns in Ethiopia.

Developing a comprehensive framework for evaluating public health emergency management program implementation: A scoping review.

Objectives: Public health emergencies and disasters highlight gaps in health systems' emergency preparedness capabilities. Developing robust public health emergency management (PHEM) programs is crucial yet challenging. Existing assessment tools are limited in scope or lack standardized measurement.

Starvation remains the leading cause of death in Tigray, northern Ethiopia, after the Pretoria deal: a call for expedited action.

Background: People in war-affected areas are more likely to experience excess mortality with hunger. However, information on the causes of death associated with hunger is often nonexistent. The purpose of this study was to verify and investigate hunger and hunger-related deaths after the Pretoria deal in Tigray, northern Ethiopia.

A qualitative study to inform the development of a decision support tool for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in Tigray, Ethiopia.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is Ethiopia's leading infectious killer disease. The war in the Tigray region of Ethiopia has resulted in the disruption of TB care services. Prediction models are recommended to aid the diagnosis of TB in resource-limited settings.

The economic burden of visceral leishmaniasis and barriers to accessing healthcare in Tigray, North Ethiopia: A field based study.

Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is an important public health problem, which mainly affects the poor rural dwelling communities in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. However, little is known about the health and economic burdens of this disease in East Africa, including Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to assess the household level economic burden of VL among affected communities in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia.

Microbiological safety assessment of ready-to-eat cooked foods in the Addis Ababa School Feeding Program, Ethiopia.

This investigation assessed microbial contamination indicators in RTE school meals and drinking water in the Addis Ababa SFP, Ethiopia. Samples were collected from 18 primary school kitchens in March and April 2024. Microbiological analysis was performed on 37 cooked food samples and 18 drinking water samples using ISO and NMKL guidelines.

Perceived benefits and challenges of school feeding program in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a qualitative study.

Addis Ababa initiated a universal Home-Grown School Feeding Program (HGSFP) in February 2019 to address hunger and improve the educational outcomes of schoolchildren. This study aimed to document the perceived benefits and challenges of the HGSFP in Addis Ababa, where such information was lacking. In May 2023, a qualitative phenomenological study was conducted to collect data from 20 schools participating in the HGSFP.

Low levels and determinants of appropriate complementary feeding practices among children aged 6-23 months from Tigray, Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Complementary feeding is considered appropriate when introduced timely at 6 months of age, and where it fulfils the minimum meal frequency, minimum dietary diversity and minimum acceptable diet. Sufficient evidence is available on the different individual indicators of appropriate complementary feeding.

Objective: This study was conducted to assess the prevalence and determinants of appropriate complementary feeding practices among children aged 6-23 months in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia.

Predicting Tuberculosis Incidence and Its Trend in Tigray, Ethiopia: A Reality-Counterfactual Modeling Approach.

Background: The Tigray region of Ethiopia, which has been affected by civil war from 2020 to 2022, is facing an increase in tuberculosis in the damaged health system. Our study employed mathematical modeling to predict the incidence of tuberculosis and its trends during the war and in the post-conflict setting of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia.

Methods: We predicted the incidence of tuberculosis from 2020 to 2025 in Tigray using the SEIRD model in the context of the recent war and compared it with its counterfactual trend in the absence of war.

Predictors contributing to the estimation of pulmonary tuberculosis among adults in a resource-limited setting: A systematic review of diagnostic predictions.

Background: Although tuberculosis is highly prevalent in low- and middle-income countries, millions of cases remain undetected using current diagnostic methods. To address this problem, researchers have proposed prediction rules.

Objective: We analyzed existing prediction rules for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and identified factors with a moderate to high strength of association with the disease.

Delays to treatment initiation and emergence of drug resistance among new adult tuberculosis patients in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia.

Studies in Ethiopia have indicated that tuberculosis (TB) patient's elapsed a long time before initiating treatment. However, there is very limited evidence on the association of treatment initiation delay with drug resistance. To investigate the association of delayed treatment initiation with drug resistance among newly diagnosed TB patients in Tigray, Ethiopia.

Causes of death among women of reproductive age during the war in Tigray, Ethiopia.

Background: In resource-limited countries with weak healthcare systems, women of reproductive age are particularly vulnerable during times of conflict. In Tigray, Ethiopia, where a war broke out on 04 November 2020, there is a lack of information on causes of death (CoD) among women of reproductive age. This study aims to determine the underlying CoD among women of reproductive age during the armed conflict in Tigray.

Immediate health and economic impact of the Tigray war on internally displaced persons and hosting households.

Globally, war is the major cause of displacement from the usual place of the biological environment. The war of Tigray exposed thousands of people to internal displacement and migration. Evidence has shown that displaced people and migrants shoulder the health and economic burden to ensure survival.

Child health services and armed conflict in Tigray, North Ethiopia: a community-based study.

Background: Access to basic health services, notably child health services, is severely hampered by the armed conflict in Tigray, North Ethiopia. Little is known regarding the impacts of the armed conflict during the war in Tigray on access to child health services. The current study investigates the impact of the armed conflict on the utilization of child health services in Tigray.

Erratum: The association of socio-demographic and environmental factors with stunting among under-five children in Hawassa City, Sidama National Regional State, Ethiopia - CORRIGENDUM.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1017/jns.2022.

Maternal mortality during war time in Tigray, Ethiopia: A community-based study.

Objective: This study seeks to examine the impact of war on maternal mortality following an exacerbation in the dynamics of inequality in maternal health caused by the continuing conflict.

Design: Community-based cross-sectional study.

Setting: Tigray region of Northern Ethiopia, between November 2020 and May 2022.

War and Health Care Services Utilization for Chronic Diseases in Rural and Semiurban Areas of Tigray, Ethiopia.

Importance: The war in Tigray, Ethiopia, has disrupted the health care system of the region. However, its association with health care services disruption for chronic diseases has not been well documented.

Objective: To assess the association of the war with the utilization of health care services for patients with chronic diseases.

Erratum: The association of socio-demographic and environmental factors with stunting among under-five children in Hawassa City, Sidama National Regional State, Ethiopia - CORRIGENDUM.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1017/jns.2022.

War-related sexual and gender-based violence in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia: a community-based study.

Introduction: Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) during armed conflicts has serious ramifications with women and girls disproportionally affected. The impact of the conflict that erupted in November 2020 in Tigray on SGBV is not well documented. This study is aimed at assessing war-related SGBV in war-affected Tigray, Ethiopia.

Effects of continuum of care for maternal health service utilisation on intention to use family planning among pastoralist women of Ethiopia: a robust regression analysis and propensity score matching modelling.

Objectives: This study examines the effect of continuum care for maternal health service utilisation on intention to use family planning among the pastoralist community in Ethiopia.

Design: A community-based cross-sectional study.

Setting: Data were collected from three districts of the pastoralist community of the Afar region.

Unimproved water and sanitation contributes to childhood diarrhoea during the war in Tigray, Ethiopia: a community based assessment.

Access to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) is a global public health problem. The situation is worst in conflict areas, where people are displaced from their usual homes. Household supply of WASH and the incidence of diarrhoeal disease among children during the war in Tigray are not known or documented.

Armed conflict and household food insecurity: evidence from war-torn Tigray, Ethiopia.

Background: Exposure to armed conflicts result in strongly adverse and often irreversible short- and long-term effects which may transmit across generations. Armed conflicts directly cause food insecurity and starvation by disruption and destruction of food systems, reduce farming populations, destroying infrastructure, reducing resilience, and increasing vulnerabilities, disruptions in access to market, increasing food price or making goods and services unavailable altogether. The objective of the present study was to determine the status of household food insecurity in the armed conflict affected communities of Tigray in terms of Access, Experience and Hunger scale.

Community health extension workers' training and supervision in Ethiopia: Exploring impact and implementation challenges for non-communicable disease service delivery.

Training and supervision of health workers are critical components of any health system;thus, we assessed how they impact health extension workers' (HEWs) role in non-communicable disease (NCD) service delivery in Ethiopia's health extension program (HEP), using an in-depth qualitative study conducted in 2019.The study covered two regions-the Tigray and the South Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region (SNNPR)-and involved the Federal Ministry of Health. We conducted twenty-seven key informant interviews with federal and regional policymakers, district health officials, health centre representatives and HEWs.

Prevalence and multi-level factors associated with acute malnutrition among children aged 6-59 months from war affected communities of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia, 2021: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Armed conflicts greatly affect the health, nutrition, and food security of conflict affected settings particularly children. However, no empirical data exist regarding context specific factors contributing towards acute malnutrition in the war-torn Tigray, Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to identify individual and community level factors associated with acute malnutrition among children aged 6-59 months from armed conflict affected settings of Tigray, Ethiopia.

Trends in and predictors of animal source food consumption among 6-23 months age children in Tigrai, Northern Ethiopia: evidence from three consecutive ethiopian demographic and health surveys, EDHS 2005-2016.

Background: Despite numerous interventions, child undernutrition continues as a problem of global concern. Although consumption of animal source foods has shown positive associations with child undernutrition, no much evidence exists on its trends and predictors among children in Tigrai.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the trends in and predictors of consumption of animal source foods among children 6-23 months of age in Tigrai.